<-- Begin file 18 of 26: Letter R (Version 0.46)
This file is part 18 of the GNU version of
The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Also referred to as GCIDE
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This dictionary was derived from the
Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary
Version published 1913
by the C. & G. Merriam Co.
Springfield, Mass.
Under the direction of
Noah Porter, D.D., LL.D.
and from
WordNet, a semantic network created by
the Cognitive Science Department
of Princeton University
under the direction of
Prof. George Miller
and is being updated and supplemented by
an open coalition of volunteer collaborators from
around the world.
This electronic dictionary is the starting point for an
ongoing project to develop a modern on-line comprehensive encyclopedic
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large and freely available knowledge base. Contributions of data,
time, and effort are requested from any person willing to assist creation
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Last edited January 17, 2002.
-->
R.
R(. R, the eighteenth letter of the English alphabet, is a vocal consonant. It is sometimes called a semivowel, and a liquid. See Guide to Pronunciation, \'bdR is the dog's letter and hurreth in the sound.\'b8 B. Jonson. 1913 Webster]
In words derived from the Greek language the letter h is generally written after r to represent the aspirated sound of the Greek "r, but does not affect the pronunciation of the English word, as rhapsody, rhetoric. 1913 Webster]
The English letter derives its form from the Greek through the Latin, the Greek letter being derived from the Phl, s, and n; as in bandore, mandole; purple, L. purpura; E. chapter, F. chapitre, L. capitulum; E. was, were; hare, G. hase; E. order, F. ordre, L. ordo, ordinis; E. coffer, coffin. 1913 Webster]
The three Rs, a jocose expression for reading, (w)riting, and (a)rithmetic, -- the fundamentals of an education. 1913 Webster]
R&D(, n.[research and development.]research and development; used mostly to refer to the division of a corporation responsible for performing research and developing new products; -- a commonly used abbreviation. Syn. -- R and D, research and development.
[PJC]
Ra(r, n.A roe; a deer. [Obs.] Chaucer. 1913 Webster]
Ra-. A prefix, from the Latin re and ad combined, coming to us through the French and Italian. See Re-, and Ad-. 1913 Webster]
Raash(r, n.[Cf. Ar. ra'ash trembling, tremor.](Zo\'94l.)The electric catfish.[Written also raasch.] 1913 Webster]
Rab(r, n.A rod or stick used by masons in mixing hair with mortar. 1913 Webster]
Rab"at(r, n.[See Rabot.]A polishing material made of potter's clay that has failed in baking. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Ra`bat"(r, n.[F. Cf. Rabato.](Eccl.)(a)A clerical linen collar.(b)A kind of clerical scarf fitted to a collar; as, a black silk rabat. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Ra*bate"(r, v. t.[F. rabattre to beat down; pref. re- + abattre. See Abate, and cf. Rebate, v.](Falconry)To recover to the fist, as a hawk. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
Rab"a*tine(r, n.[See Rabato.]A collar or cape. [Obs.] Sir W. Scott. 1913 Webster]
Ra*ba"to(r, n.[F. rabat, fr. rabattre. See Rabate.]A kind of ruff for the neck; a turned-down collar; a rebato. [Obs.] Shak. 1913 Webster]
Rab*bate"(r, v. t.[See Rabate.]To abate or diminish. [Obs.] -- n.Abatement. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
Rab"bet(r, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Rabbeted; p. pr. & vb. n.Rabbeting.][F. raboter to plane, plane down,rabot a plane; pref. re- re- + OF. abouter, aboter. See Abut, and cf. Rebut.]1.To cut a rabbet in; to furnish with a rabbet. 1913 Webster]
2.To unite the edges of, as boards, etc., in a rabbet joint. 1913 Webster]
Rab"bet, n.[See Rabbet, v., and cf. Rebate, n.] 1913 Webster]
1.(Carp.)A longitudinal channel, groove, or recess cut out of the edge or face of any body; especially, one intended to receive another member, so as to break or cover the joint, or more easily to hold the members in place; thus, the groove cut for a panel, for a pane of glass, or for a door, is a rabbet, or rebate. 1913 Webster]
2.Same as Rabbet joint, below. 1913 Webster]
Rabbet joint(Carp.), a joint formed by fitting together rabbeted boards or timbers; -- called also rabbet. --
Rabbet plane, a joiner's plane for cutting a rabbet.Moxon. 1913 Webster]
Rab"bi(ror r, n.; pl.Rabbis(ror r or Rabbies.[L., fr. Gr. "rabbi`, Heb. rab\'c6 my master, from rab master, lord, teacher, akin to Ar. rabb.]Master; lord; teacher; -- a Jewish title of respect or honor for a teacher or doctor of the law. \'bdThe gravest rabbies.\'b8 Milton. 1913 Webster]
Be not ye called Rabbi, for one is your Master, even Christ, and all ye are brethren.Matt. xxiii. 8. 1913 Webster]
Rab"bin(r, n.[F.]Same as Rabbi. 1913 Webster]
{ Rab*bin"ic(r, Rab*bin"ic*al(r, }a.[Cf. F. rabbinique.]Of or pertaining to the rabbins or rabbis, or pertaining to the opinions, learning, or language of the rabbins. \'bdComments staler than rabbinic.\'b8 Lowell. 1913 Webster]
We will not buy your rabbinical fumes.Milton. 1913 Webster]
Rab*bin"ic(r, n.The language or dialect of the rabbins; the later Hebrew. 1913 Webster]
Rab*bin"ic*al*ly, adv.In a rabbinical manner; after the manner of the rabbins. 1913 Webster]
Rab"bin*ism(r, n.[Cf. F. rabbinisme.]1.A rabbinic expression or phraseology; a peculiarity of the language of the rabbins. 1913 Webster]
2.The teachings and traditions of the rabbins. 1913 Webster]
Rab"bin*ist(r, n.[Cf. F. rabbiniste.]One among the Jews who adhered to the Talmud and the traditions of the rabbins, in opposition to the Karaites, who rejected the traditions. 1913 Webster]
Rab"bin*ite(r, n.Same as Rabbinist. 1913 Webster]
Rab"bit(r, n.[OE. rabet, akin to OD. robbe, robbeken.](Zo\'94l.)Any of the smaller species of the genus Lepus, especially the common European species (Lepus cuniculus), which is often kept as a pet, and has been introduced into many countries. It is remarkably prolific, and has become a pest in some parts of Australia and New Zealand. 1913 Webster]
Lepus sylvatica) is similar but smaller. See Cottontail, and Jack rabbit, under 2d Jack. The larger species of Lepus are commonly called hares. See Hare. 1913 Webster]
Angora rabbit(Zo\'94l.), a variety of the domestic rabbit having long, soft fur. --
Rabbit burrow, a hole in the earth made by rabbits for shelter and habitation. --
Rabbit fish. (Zo\'94l.)(a)The northern chim\'91ra (Chim\'91ra monstrosa). (b)Any one of several species of plectognath fishes, as the bur fish, and puffer. The term is also locally applied to other fishes. --
Rabbits' ears. (Bot.)See Cyclamen.<-- a type of antenna with two long narrow metal prongs, usually arranged so as to remeniscent of erect rabbit's ears. --> --
Rabbit warren, a piece of ground appropriated to the breeding and preservation of rabbits.Wright. --
Rock rabbit. (a)(Zo\'94l.)See Daman, and Klipdas.(b)the pika. --
Welsh rabbit, a dish of which the chief constituents are melted cheese over toasted bread, flavored in various ways, as with ale, beer, milk, or spices. The name is popularly said to be a corruption of Welsh rare bit, but it is probably merely a humorous designation; -- also called Welsh rarebit. 1913 Webster]
Rab"bit*ing, n.The hunting of rabbits.T. Hughes. 1913 Webster]
Rab"bit*ry(r, n.A place where rabbits are kept; especially, a collection of hutches for tame rabbits. 1913 Webster]
Rab"ble(r, n.[Etymol. uncertain.](Iron Manuf.)An iron bar, with the end bent, used in stirring or skimming molten iron in the process of puddling. 1913 Webster]
Rab"ble, v. t.To stir or skim with a rabble, as molten iron. 1913 Webster]
Rab"ble, v. i.[Akin to D. rabbelen, Prov. G. rabbeln, to prattle, to chatter: cf. L. rabula a brawling advocate, a pettifogger, fr. rabere to rave. Cf. Rage.]To speak in a confused manner. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.] 1913 Webster]
Rab"ble, n.[Probably named from the noise made by it (see Rabble, v. i.) cf. D. rapalje rabble, OF. & Prov. F. rapaille.]1.A tumultuous crowd of vulgar, noisy people; a mob; a confused, disorderly throng. 1913 Webster]
I saw, I say, come out of London, even unto the presence of the prince, a great rabble of mean and light persons.Ascham. 1913 Webster]
Jupiter, Mercury, Bacchus, Venus, Mars, and the whole rabble of licentious deities.Bp. Warburton. 1913 Webster]
2.A confused, incoherent discourse; a medley of voices; a chatter. 1913 Webster]
The rabble, the lowest class of people, without reference to an assembly; the dregs of the people. \'bdThe rabble call him \'bflord.'\'b8 Shak. 1913 Webster]
Rab"ble, a.Of or pertaining to a rabble; like, or suited to, a rabble; disorderly; vulgar. [R.] Dryden. 1913 Webster]
Rab"ble, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Rabbled(r; p. pr. & vb. n.Rabbling(r.]1.To insult, or assault, by a mob; to mob; as, to rabble a curate.Macaulay. 1913 Webster]
The bishops' carriages were stopped and the prelates themselves rabbled on their way to the house.J. R. Green. 1913 Webster]
2.To utter glibly and incoherently; to mouth without intelligence. [Obs. or Scot.] Foxe. 1913 Webster]
3.To rumple; to crumple. [Scot.] 1913 Webster]
Rab"ble*ment(r, n.A tumultuous crowd of low people; a rabble. \'bdRude rablement.\'b8 Spenser. 1913 Webster]
And still, as he refused it, the rabblement hooted.Shak. 1913 Webster]
Rab"ble-rout`(r, n.A tumultuous crowd; a rabble; a noisy throng. 1913 Webster]
Rab*doid"al(r, a.[Gr. "ra`bdos a rod + -oid + -al.](Anat.)See Sagittal.[Written also rhabdoidal.] 1913 Webster]
Rab*dol"o*gy(r, n.[Gr. "ra`bdos rod, stick + -logy: cf. F. rabdologie.]The method or art of performing arithmetical operations by means of Napier's bones. See Napier's bones.[Written also rhabdology.] 1913 Webster]
Rab"do*man`cy(r, n.[Gr. "ra`bdos rod + -mancy.]Divination by means of rods or wands.[Written also rhabdomancy.]Sir T. Browne. 1913 Webster]
Rab"id(r, a.[L. rabidus, from rabere to rave. See Rage, n.]1.Furious; raging; extremely violent. 1913 Webster]
The rabid flight Chapman. 1913 Webster]
2.Extreme, unreasonable, or fanatical in opinion; excessively zealous; as, a rabid socialist. 1913 Webster]
3.Affected with the distemper called rabies; mad; as, a rabid dog or fox. 1913 Webster]
4.(Med.)Of or pertaining to rabies, or hydrophobia; as, rabid virus. 1913 Webster]
Ra"bot(r, n.[F.]A rubber of hard wood used in smoothing marble to be polished.Knight. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Ra"ca(r, a.[Gr. "raka`, from Chaldee r.]A term of reproach used by the Jews of our Savior's time, meaning \'bdworthless.\'b8 1913 Webster]
Whosoever shall say to his brother, Raca, shall be in danger of the council.Matt. v. 22. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Ra`ca`hout"(r, n.[F. racahout, probably fr. Ar. r\'beqaut.]A preparation from acorns used by the Arabs as a substitute for chocolate, and also as a beverage for invalids. 1913 Webster]
Rac*coon"(r, n.[F. raton, prop., a little rat, fr. rat rat, perhaps of German origin. See Rat.](Zo\'94l.)A North American nocturnal carnivore (Procyon lotor) allied to the bears, but much smaller, and having a long, full tail, banded with black and gray. Its body is gray, varied with black and white. Called also coon, and mapach. 1913 Webster]
Raccoon dog(Zo\'94l.), the tanate. --
Raccoon fox(Zo\'94l.), the cacomixle. 1913 Webster]
Race(r, v. t.To raze. [Obs.] Spenser. 1913 Webster]
<-- p. 1182 pr=vmg -->
Race(r, n.[OF. ra\'8bz, L. radix, -icis. See Radix.]A root. \'bdA race or two of ginger.\'b8 Shak. 1913 Webster]
Race ginger, ginger in the root, or not pulverized. 1913 Webster]
Race, n.[F. race; cf. Pr. & Sp. raza, It. razza; all from OHG. reiza line, akin to E. write. See Write.] 1913 Webster]
1.The descendants of a common ancestor; a family, tribe, people, or nation, believed or presumed to belong to the same stock; a lineage; a breed. 1913 Webster]
The whole race of mankind.Shak. 1913 Webster]
Whence the long race of Alban fathers come.Dryden. 1913 Webster]
Caucasian, or white race, to which belong the greater part of the European nations and those of Western Asia; the Mongolian, or yellow race, occupying Tartary, China, Japan, etc.; the Ethiopian, or negro race, occupying most of Africa (except the north), Australia, Papua, and other Pacific Islands; the American, or red race, comprising the Indians of North and South America; and the Malayan, or brown race, which occupies the islands of the Indian Archipelago, etc. Many recent writers classify the Malay and American races as branches of the Mongolian. See Illustration in Appendix. 1913 Webster]
2.Company; herd; breed. 1913 Webster]
For do but note a wild and wanton herd, race of youthful and unhandled colts, Shak. 1913 Webster]
3.(Bot.)A variety of such fixed character that it may be propagated by seed. 1913 Webster]
4.Peculiar flavor, taste, or strength, as of wine; that quality, or assemblage of qualities, which indicates origin or kind, as in wine; hence, characteristic flavor; smack. \'bdA race of heaven.\'b8 Shak. 1913 Webster]
Is it [the wine] of the right race ?Massinger. 1913 Webster]
5.Hence, characteristic quality or disposition. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
And now I give my sensual race the rein.Shak. 1913 Webster]
Some . . . great race of fancy or judgment.Sir W. Temple. 1913 Webster]
Race, n.[OE. ras, res, rees, AS. r a rush, running; akin to Icel. r\'bes course, race. 1.A progress; a course; a movement or progression. 1913 Webster]
2.Esp., swift progress; rapid course; a running. 1913 Webster]
The flight of many birds is swifter than the race of any beasts.Bacon. 1913 Webster]
3.Hence: The act or process of running in competition; a contest of speed in any way, as in running, riding, driving, skating, rowing, sailing; in the plural, usually, a meeting for contests in the running of horses; as, he attended the races. 1913 Webster]
The race is not to the swift.Eccl. ix. 11. 1913 Webster]
I wield the gauntlet, and I run the race.Pope. 1913 Webster]
4.Competitive action of any kind, especially when prolonged; hence, career; course of life. 1913 Webster]
My race of glory run, and race of shame.Milton. 1913 Webster]
5.A strong or rapid current of water, or the channel or passage for such a current; a powerful current or heavy sea, sometimes produced by the meeting of two tides; as, the Portland Race; the Race of Alderney. 1913 Webster]
6.The current of water that turns a water wheel, or the channel in which it flows; a mill race. 1913 Webster]
headrace, the part below, the tailrace. 1913 Webster]
7.(Mach.)A channel or guide along which a shuttle is driven back and forth, as in a loom, sewing machine, etc. 1913 Webster]
Race cloth, a cloth worn by horses in racing, having pockets to hold the weights prescribed. --
Race course. (a)The path, generally circular or elliptical, over which a race is run. (b)Same as Race way, below. --
Race cup, a cup given as a prize to the victor in a race. --
Race glass, a kind of field glass. --
Race horse. (a)A horse that runs in competition; specifically, a horse bred or kept for running races. (b)A breed of horses remarkable for swiftness in running. (c)(Zo\'94l.)The steamer duck. (d)(Zo\'94l.)A mantis. --
Race knife, a cutting tool with a blade that is hooked at the point, for marking outlines, on boards or metals, as by a pattern, -- used in shipbuilding. --
Race saddle, a light saddle used in racing. --
Race track. Same as Race course(a), above. --
Race way, the canal for the current that drives a water wheel. 1913 Webster]
Race, v. i.[imp. & p. p.Raced(r; p. pr. & vb. n.Racing(r.]1.To run swiftly; to contend in a race; as, the animals raced over the ground; the ships raced from port to port. 1913 Webster]
2.(Steam Mach.)To run too fast at times, as a marine engine or screw, when the screw is lifted out of water by the action of a heavy sea. 1913 Webster]
Race, v. t.1.To cause to contend in a race; to drive at high speed; as, to race horses. 1913 Webster]
2.To run a race with. 1913 Webster]
Race"a*bout`(r, n.(Naut.)A small sloop-rigged racing yacht carrying about six hundred square feet of sail, distinguished from a knockabout by having a short bowsprit. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Ra*ce"mate(r, n.(Chem.)A salt of racemic acid. 1913 Webster]
Rac`e*ma"tion(r, n.[L. racematio a gleaning, fr. racemari to glean, racemus a cluster of grapes. See Raceme.]1.A cluster or bunch, as of grapes.Sir T. Browne. 1913 Webster]
2.Cultivation or gathering of clusters of grapes. [R.] Bp. Burnet. 1913 Webster]
Ra*ceme"(r, n.[L. racemus a bunch of berries, a cluster of grapes. See Raisin.](Bot.)A flower cluster with an elongated axis and many one-flowered lateral pedicels, as in the currant and chokecherry. 1913 Webster]
Compound raceme, one having the lower pedicels developed into secondary racemes. 1913 Webster]
Ra*cemed"(r, a.(Bot.)Arranged in a raceme, or in racemes. 1913 Webster]
Ra*ce"mic(r, a.[Cf. F. rac\'82mique. See Raceme.](Chem.)Pertaining to, or designating, an acid found in many kinds of grapes. It is also obtained from tartaric acid, with which it is isomeric, and from sugar, gum, etc., by oxidation. It is a sour white crystalline substance, consisting of a combination of dextrorotatory and levorotatory tartaric acids.Gregory. 1913 Webster]
Rac`e*mif"er*ous(r, a.[L. racemifer bearing clusters; racemus cluster + ferre to bear: cf. F. rac\'82mif\'8are.](Bot.)Bearing racemes, as the currant. 1913 Webster]
Ra*cem"i*form(r, a.Having the form of a raceme.Gray. 1913 Webster]
Rac"e*mose`(r, a.[L. racemosus full of clusters.]Resembling a raceme; growing in the form of a raceme; as, (Bot.)racemose berries or flowers; (Anat.) the racemose glands, in which the ducts are branched and clustered like a raceme.Gray. 1913 Webster]
Rac"e*mous(r, a.[Cf. F. rac\'82meux.]See Racemose. 1913 Webster]
Rac"e*mule(r, n.(Bot.)A little raceme. 1913 Webster]
Ra*cem"u*lose`(r, a.(Bot.)Growing in very small racemes. 1913 Webster]
Ra"cer(r, n.1.One who, or that which, races, or contends in a race; esp., a race horse. 1913 Webster]
And bade the nimblest racer seize the prize.Pope. 1913 Webster]
2.(Zo\'94l.)The common American black snake. 1913 Webster]
3.(Mil.)One of the circular iron or steel rails on which the chassis of a heavy gun is turned. 1913 Webster]
Race suicide. The voluntary failure of the members of a race or people to have a number of children sufficient to keep the birth rate equal to the death rate. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
{ Rach, Rache(r }, n.[AS. r\'91cc; akin to Icel. rakki.](Zo\'94l.)A dog that pursued his prey by scent, as distinguished from the greyhound. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
\'d8Ra`chi*al"gi*a(r, n.[NL., fr. Gr. "ra`chis backbone + 'a`lgos pain.](Med.)A painful affection of the spine; especially, Pott's disease; also, formerly, lead colic. 1913 Webster]
Ra*chid"i*an(r, a.[See Rachis.](Anat. & Zo\'94l.)Of or pertaining to the rachis; spinal; vertebral. Same as Rhachidian. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Ra*chil"la(r, n.[NL.](Bot.)Same as Rhachilla. 1913 Webster]
Ra"chi*o*dont(r, a.(Zo\'94l.)Same as Rhachiodont. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Ra"chis(r, n.; pl. E. Rachises(r, L. Rachides(r.[NL., fr. Gr. "ra`chis, -ios.][Written also rhachis.]1.(Anat.)The spine; the vertebral column. 1913 Webster]
2.(Bot. & Zo\'94l.)Same as Rhachis. 1913 Webster]
Ra*chit"ic(r, a.[Cf. F. rachitique. See Rachitis.](Med.)Of or pertaining to rachitis; affected by rachitis; rickety. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Ra*chi"tis(r, n.[NL., fr. Gr. "rachi^tis (sc. nosos), fr. "ra`chis, -ios, the spine.][Written also rhachitis.]1.(Med.)Literally, inflammation of the spine, but commonly applied to the rickets. See Rickets. 1913 Webster]
2.(Bot.)A disease which produces abortion in the fruit or seeds.Henslow. 1913 Webster]
Ra"chi*tome(r, n.[F., fr. Gr. "ra`chis, -ios, the spine + te`mnein to cut.]A dissecting instrument for opening the spinal canal.[Written also rachiotome.] 1913 Webster]
Ra"cial(r, a.Of or pertaining to a race or family of men; as, the racial complexion. 1913 Webster]
Ra"ci*ly(r, adv.In a racy manner. 1913 Webster]
Ra"ci*ness(r, n.The quality of being racy; peculiar and piquant flavor. 1913 Webster]
The general characteristics of his [Cobbett's] style were perspicuity, unequaled and inimitable; . . . a purity always simple, and raciness often elegant.London Times. 1913 Webster]
Ra"cing(r, a. & n. from Race, v. t. & i. 1913 Webster]
Racing crab(Zo\'94l.), an ocypodian. 1913 Webster]
Rack(r, n.Same as Arrack. 1913 Webster]
Rack, n.[AS. hracca neck, hinder part of the head; cf. AS. hraca throat, G. rachen throat, E. retch.]The neck and spine of a fore quarter of veal or mutton. 1913 Webster]
Rack, n.[See Wreck.]A wreck; destruction. [Obs., except in a few phrases.] 1913 Webster]
Rack and ruin, destruction; utter ruin. [Colloq.] --
To go to rack, to perish; to be destroyed. [Colloq.] \'bdAll goes to rack.\'b8 Pepys. 1913 Webster]
Rack, n.[Prob. fr. Icel. rek drift, motion, and akin to reka to drive, and E. wrack, wreck. Thin, flying, broken clouds, or any portion of floating vapor in the sky.Shak. 1913 Webster]
The winds in the upper region, which move the clouds above, which we call the rack, . . . pass without noise.Bacon. 1913 Webster]
And the night rack came rolling up.C. Kingsley. 1913 Webster]
Rack, v. i.To fly, as vapor or broken clouds. 1913 Webster]
Rack, v. i.[imp. & p. p.Racked(r; p. pr. & vb. n.Racking.][See Rack that which stretches, or Rock, v.]To amble fast, causing a rocking or swaying motion of the body; to pace; -- said of a horse.Fuller. 1913 Webster]
Rack, n.A fast amble. 1913 Webster]
Rack, v. t.[Cf. OF. vin raqu\'82 wine squeezed from the dregs of the grapes.]To draw off from the lees or sediment, as wine. 1913 Webster]
It is in common practice to draw wine or beer from the lees (which we call racking), whereby it will clarify much the sooner.Bacon. 1913 Webster]
Rack vintage, wine cleansed and drawn from the lees.Cowell. 1913 Webster]
Rack, n.[Probably fr. D. rek, rekbank, a rack, rekken to stretch; akin to G. reck, reckbank, a rack, recken to stretch, Dan. r\'91kke, Sw. r\'84cka, Icel. rekja to spread out, Goth. refrakjan to stretch out; cf. L. porrigere, Gr. 'ore`gein. Right, a., Ratch.]1.An instrument or frame used for stretching, extending, retaining, or displaying, something. Specifically: (a)An engine of torture, consisting of a large frame, upon which the body was gradually stretched until, sometimes, the joints were dislocated; -- formerly used judicially for extorting confessions from criminals or suspected persons. 1913 Webster]
During the troubles of the fifteenth century, a rack was introduced into the Tower, and was occasionally used under the plea of political necessity.Macaulay. 1913 Webster]
(b)An instrument for bending a bow.(c)A grate on which bacon is laid.(d)A frame or device of various construction for holding, and preventing the waste of, hay, grain, etc., supplied to beasts.(e)A frame on which articles are deposited for keeping or arranged for display; as, a clothes rack; a bottle rack, etc.(f)(Naut.)A piece or frame of wood, having several sheaves, through which the running rigging passes; -- called also rack block. Also, a frame to hold shot.(g)(Mining)A frame or table on which ores are separated or washed.(h)A frame fitted to a wagon for carrying hay, straw, or grain on the stalk, or other bulky loads.(i)A distaff. 1913 Webster]
2.(Mech.)A bar with teeth on its face, or edge, to work with those of a wheel, pinion, or worm, which is to drive it or be driven by it. 1913 Webster]
3.That which is extorted; exaction. [Obs.] Sir E. Sandys. 1913 Webster]
Mangle rack. (Mach.)See under Mangle. n. --
Rack block. (Naut.)See def. 1 (f), above. --
Rack lashing, a lashing or binding where the rope is tightened, and held tight by the use of a small stick of wood twisted around. --
Rack rail(Railroads), a toothed rack, laid as a rail, to afford a hold for teeth on the driving wheel of a locomotive for climbing steep gradients, as in ascending a mountain. --
Rack saw, a saw having wide teeth. --
Rack stick, the stick used in a rack lashing. --
To be on the rack, to suffer torture, physical or mental. --
To live at rack and manger, to live on the best at another's expense. [Colloq.] --
To put to the rack, to subject to torture; to torment. 1913 Webster]
A fit of the stone puts a king to the rack, and makes him as miserable as it does the meanest subject.Sir W. Temple. 1913 Webster]
Rack(r, v. t.1.To extend by the application of force; to stretch or strain; specifically, to stretch on the rack or wheel; to torture by an engine which strains the limbs and pulls the joints. 1913 Webster]
He was racked and miserably tormented.Foxe. 1913 Webster]
2.To torment; to torture; to affect with extreme pain or anguish. 1913 Webster]
Vaunting aloud but racked with deep despair.Milton. 1913 Webster]
3.To stretch or strain, in a figurative sense; hence, to harass, or oppress by extortion. 1913 Webster]
The landlords there shamefully rack their tenants.Spenser. 1913 Webster]
They [landlords] rack their rents an ace too high.Gascoigne. 1913 Webster]
Grant that I may never rack a Scripture simile beyond the true intent thereof.Fuller. 1913 Webster]
Try what my credit can in Venice do; racked even to the uttermost.Shak. 1913 Webster]
4.(Mining)To wash on a rack, as metals or ore. 1913 Webster]
5.(Naut.)To bind together, as two ropes, with cross turns of yarn, marline, etc. 1913 Webster]
To rack one's brainsor
To rack one's brains outor
To rack one's wits, to exert one's thinking processes to the utmost for the purpose of accomplishing something; as, I racked my brains out trying to find a way to solve the problem. 1913 Webster +PJC]
Syn. -- To torture; torment; rend; tear. 1913 Webster]
Rack"a*bones`(r, n.A very lean animal, esp. a horse. [Colloq. U. S.] 1913 Webster]
Rack"a*rock`(r, n.[Rack to stretch, strain + a + rock.]A Sprengel explosive consisting of potassium chlorate and mono-nitrobenzene. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Rack"er(r, n.1.One who racks. 1913 Webster]
2.A horse that has a racking gait. 1913 Webster]
Rack"et(r, n.[F. raquette; cf. Sp. raqueta, It. racchetta, which is perhaps for retichetta, and fr. L. rete a net (cf. Reticule); or perh. from the Arabic; cf. Ar. r\'beha the palm of the hand (used at first to strike the ball), and OF. rachette, rasquette, carpus, tarsus.][Written also racquet.]1.A thin strip of wood, having the ends brought together, forming a somewhat elliptical hoop, across which a network of catgut or cord is stretched. It is furnished with a handle, and is used for catching or striking a ball in tennis and similar games. 1913 Webster]
Each one [of the Indians] has a bat curved like a crosier, and ending in a racket.Bancroft. 1913 Webster]
2.A variety of the game of tennis played with peculiar long-handled rackets; -- chiefly in the plural.Chaucer. 1913 Webster]
3.A snowshoe formed of cords stretched across a long and narrow frame of light wood. [Canada] 1913 Webster]
4.A broad wooden shoe or patten for a man or horse, to enable him to step on marshy or soft ground. 1913 Webster]
Racket court, a court for playing the game of rackets. 1913 Webster]
Rack"et, v. t.To strike with, or as with, a racket. 1913 Webster]
Poor man [is] racketed from one temptation to another.Hewyt. 1913 Webster]
Rack"et, n.[Gael. racaid a noise, disturbance.]1.confused, clattering noise; din; noisy talk or sport. 1913 Webster]
2.A carouse; any reckless dissipation. [Slang] 1913 Webster]
Rack"et, n.1.A scheme, dodge, trick, or the like; something taking place considered as exciting, trying, unusual, or the like; also, such occurrence considered as an ordeal; as, to work a racket; to stand upon the racket. [Slang] Webster 1913 Suppl.]
2.an organized illegal activity, such as illegal gambling, bootlegging, or extortion. PJC]
Rack"et, v. i.[imp. & p. p.Racketed; p. pr. & vb. n.Racketing.]1.To make a confused noise or racket. 1913 Webster]
2.To engage in noisy sport; to frolic.Sterne. 1913 Webster]
3.To carouse or engage in dissipation. [Slang] 1913 Webster]
Rack"et*er(r, n.One who makes, or engages in, a racket. 1913 Webster]
Rack"ett(r, n.[Etymol. uncertain.](Mus.)An old wind instrument of the double bassoon kind, having ventages but not keys. 1913 Webster]
Rack"et-tail(r, n.(Zo\'94l.)Any one of several species of humming birds of the genus Steganura, having two of the tail feathers very long and racket-shaped. 1913 Webster]
Rack"et-tailed`(r, a.(Zo\'94l.)Having long and spatulate, or racket-shaped, tail feathers. 1913 Webster]
Rack"et*y(r, a.Making a tumultuous noise. 1913 Webster]
Rack"ing, n.(Naut.)Spun yarn used in racking ropes. 1913 Webster]
Rack"-rent`(r, n.A rent of the full annual value of the tenement, or near it; an excessive or unreasonably high rent.Blackstone. 1913 Webster]
Rack"-rent`, v. t.To subject to rack-rent, as a farm or tenant. 1913 Webster]
Rack"-rent`er(r, n.1.One who is subjected to paying rack-rent. 1913 Webster]
2.One who exacts rack-rent. 1913 Webster]
<-- p. 1183 pr=vmg -->
Rack"tail`(r, n.(Horol.)An arm attached to a swinging notched arc or rack, to let off the striking mechanism of a repeating clock. 1913 Webster]
Rack"work`(r, n.Any mechanism having a rack, as a rack and pinion. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Ra`con`teur"(r, n.[F.]A relater; a storyteller. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Ra*coon"da(r, n.[From a native name.](Zo\'94l.)The coypu. 1913 Webster]
Ra*co"vi*an(r, n.[From Racow.](Eccl. Hist.)One of a sect of Socinians or Unitarians in Poland. 1913 Webster]
Rac"quet(r, n.See Racket. 1913 Webster]
Ra"cy(r, a.[Compar.Racier(r; superl.Raciest.][From Race a tribe, family.]1.Having a strong flavor indicating origin; of distinct characteristic taste; tasting of the soil; hence, fresh; rich. 1913 Webster]
The racy wine, Pope. 1913 Webster]
2.Hence: Exciting to the mental taste by a strong or distinctive character of thought or language; peculiar and piquant; fresh and lively. 1913 Webster]
Our raciest, most idiomatic popular words.M. Arnold. 1913 Webster]
Burns's English, though not so racy as his Scotch, is generally correct.H. Coleridge. 1913 Webster]
The rich and racy humor of a natural converser fresh from the plow.Prof. Wilson. 1913 Webster]
3.somewhat suggestive of sexual themes; slightly improper; risqu\'82. PJC]
Syn. -- Spicy; spirited; lively; smart; piquant; risqu\'81. -- Racy, Spicy. Racy refers primarily to that peculiar flavor which certain wines are supposed to derive from the soil in which the grapes were grown; and hence we call a style or production racy when it \'bdsmacks of the soil,\'b8 or has an uncommon degree of natural freshness and distinctiveness of thought and language. Spicy, when applied to style, has reference to a spirit and pungency added by art, seasoning the matter like a condiment. It does not, like racy, suggest native peculiarity. A spicy article in a magazine; a spicy retort. Racy in conversation; a racy remark. 1913 Webster]
Rich, racy verses, in which we Cowley. 1913 Webster]
Rad(r, n.[radiation absorbed dose.]a unit of measurement of the amount of ionizing radiation absorbed by an object, equal to an energy of 100 ergs per gram of irradiated material (equal to 0.01 gray). PJC]
Rad(r, obs. imp. & p. p. of Read, Rede.Spenser. 1913 Webster]
Rad"de(r, obs. imp. of Read, Rede.Chaucer. 1913 Webster]
Rad"dle(r, n.[Cf. G. r\'84der, r\'84del, sieve, or perhaps E. reed.]1.A long, flexible stick, rod, or branch, which is interwoven with others, between upright posts or stakes, in making a kind of hedge or fence. 1913 Webster]
2.A hedge or fence made with raddles; -- called also raddle hedge.Todd. 1913 Webster]
3.An instrument consisting of a wooden bar, with a row of upright pegs set in it, used by domestic weavers to keep the warp of a proper width, and prevent tangling when it is wound upon the beam of the loom. 1913 Webster]
Rad"dle(r, v. t.To interweave or twist together. 1913 Webster]
Raddling or working it up like basket work.De Foe. 1913 Webster]
Rad"dle(r, n.[Cf. Ruddle.]A red pigment used in marking sheep, and in some mechanical processes; ruddle. \'bdA raddle of rouge.\'b8 Thackeray. 1913 Webster]
Rad"dle, v. t.To mark or paint with, or as with, raddle. \'bdWhitened and raddled old women.\'b8 Thackeray. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Ra`deau"(r, n.[F.]A float; a raft. 1913 Webster]
Three vessels under sail, and one at anchor, above Split Rock, and behind it the radeau Thunderer.W. Irving. 1913 Webster]
Ra"di*al(r, a.[Cf. F. radial. See Radius.]Of or pertaining to a radius or ray; consisting of, or like, radii or rays; radiated; as, (Bot.)radial projections; (Zo\'94l.)radial vessels or canals; (Anat.) the radial artery. 1913 Webster]
Radial symmetry. (Biol.)See under Symmetry. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Ra`di*a"le(r, n.; pl.Radialia(r.[NL. See Radial.]1.(Anat.)The bone or cartilage of the carpus which articulates with the radius and corresponds to the scaphoid bone in man. 1913 Webster]
2.pl.(Zo\'94l.)Radial plates in the calyx of a crinoid. 1913 Webster]
Radial engine. (Mach.)An engine, usually an internal-combustion engine of a certain type (the
radial type) having several cylinders arranged radially like the spokes of a complete wheel. The
semiradial engine has radiating cylinders on only one side of the crank shaft. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Ra"di*al*ly(r, adv.In a radial manner. 1913 Webster]
Radial tire. (Automobiles)a motor vehicle tire in which the cords run at right angles to the plane of the tire (considered as a disk). PJC]
Ra"di*an(r, n.[From Radius.](Math.)An arc of a circle which is equal to the radius, or the angle measured by such an arc. 1913 Webster]
{ Ra"di*ance(r, Ra"di*an*cy(r, }n.The quality of being radiant; brilliancy; effulgence; vivid brightness; as, the radiance of the sun. 1913 Webster]
Girt with omnipotence, with radiance crowned.Milton. 1913 Webster]
Ra"di*ant(r, a.[L. radians, -antis, p. pr. of radiare to emit rays or beams, fr. radius ray: cf. F. radiant. See Radius, Ray a divergent line.]1.Emitting or proceeding as from a center; resembling rays; radiating; radiate. 1913 Webster]
2.Especially, emitting or darting rays of light or heat; issuing in beams or rays; beaming with brightness; emitting a vivid light or splendor; as, the radiant sun. 1913 Webster]
Mark what radiant state she spreads.Milton. 1913 Webster]
3.Beaming with vivacity and happiness; as, a radiant face. 1913 Webster]
4.(Her.)Giving off rays; -- said of a bearing; as, the sun radiant; a crown radiant. 1913 Webster]
5.(Bot.)Having a raylike appearance, as the large marginal flowers of certain umbelliferous plants; -- said also of the cluster which has such marginal flowers. 1913 Webster]
6.(Physics)Emitted or transmitted by radiation; as, a radiant energy; radiant heat. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Radiant energy(Physics), energy given out or transmitted by radiation, as in the case of light and radiant heat. --
Radiant heat, heat proceeding in right lines, or directly from the heated body, after the manner of light, in distinction from heat conducted or carried by intervening media. --
Ra"di*ant, n.1.(Opt.)The luminous point or object from which light emanates; also, a body radiating light brightly. 1913 Webster]
2.(Geom.)A straight line proceeding from a given point, or fixed pole, about which it is conceived to revolve. 1913 Webster]
3.(Astron.)The point in the heavens at which the apparent paths of shooting stars meet, when traced backward, or whence they appear to radiate. 1913 Webster]
Ra"di*ant*ly(r, adv.In a radiant manner; with glittering splendor. 1913 Webster]
Ra"di*a*ry(r, n.[Cf. F. radiaire.](Zo\'94l.)A radiate. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
\'d8Ra`di*a"ta(r, n. pl.[NL., fr. radiatus, p. p. See Radiate.](Zo\'94l.)An extensive artificial group of invertebrates, having all the parts arranged radially around the vertical axis of the body, and the various organs repeated symmetrically in each ray or spheromere. 1913 Webster]
1913 Webster]
Ra"di*ate(r, v. i.[imp. & p. p.Radiated(r; p. pr. & vb. n.Radiating.][L. radiatus, p. p. of radiare to furnish with spokes or rays, to radiate, fr. radius ray. See Radius, Ray a divergent line.]1.To emit rays; to be radiant; to shine. 1913 Webster]
Virtues shine more clear radiate like the sun at noon.Howell. 1913 Webster]
2.To proceed in direct lines from a point or surface; to issue in rays, as light or heat. 1913 Webster]
Light radiates from luminous bodies directly to our eyes.Locke. 1913 Webster]
Ra"di*ate, v. t.1.To emit or send out in direct lines from a point or points; as, to radiate heat. 1913 Webster]
2.To enlighten; to illuminate; to shed light or brightness on; to irradiate. [R.] 1913 Webster]
Ra"di*ate(r, a.[L. radiatus, p. p.]1.Having rays or parts diverging from a center; radiated; as, a radiate crystal. 1913 Webster]
2.(Bot.)Having in a capitulum large ray florets which are unlike the disk florets, as in the aster, daisy, etc. 1913 Webster]
3.(Zo\'94l.)Belonging to the Radiata. 1913 Webster]
Ra"di*ate, n.(Zo\'94l.)One of the Radiata. 1913 Webster]
Ra"di*a`ted(r, a.1.Emitted, or sent forth, in rays or direct lines; as, radiated heat. 1913 Webster]
2.Formed of, or arranged like, rays or radii; having parts or markings diverging, like radii, from a common center or axis; as, a radiated structure; a radiated group of crystals. 1913 Webster]
3.(Zo\'94l.)Belonging to the Radiata. 1913 Webster]
Ra"di*ate*ly(r, adv.In a radiate manner; with radiation or divergence from a center. 1913 Webster]
Ra"di*ate-veined`(r, a.(Bot.)Having the principal veins radiating, or diverging, from the apex of the petiole; -- said of such leaves as those of the grapevine, most maples, and the castor-oil plant. 1913 Webster]
Ra`di*at"i*form(r, a.(Bot.)Having the marginal florets enlarged and radiating but not ligulate, as in the capitula or heads of the cornflower.Gray. 1913 Webster]
Ra`di*a"tion(r, n.[L. radiatio: cf. F. radiation.]1.The act of radiating, or the state of being radiated; emission and diffusion of rays of light; beamy brightness. 1913 Webster]
2.The shooting forth of anything from a point or surface, like the diverging rays of light; as, the radiation of heat. 1913 Webster]
Ra"di*a*tive(r, a.Capable of radiating; acting by radiation.Tyndall. 1913 Webster]
Ra"di*a`tor(r, n.1.That which radiates or emits rays, whether of light or heat; especially, that part of a heating apparatus from which the heat is radiated or diffused; as, a steam radiator. 1913 Webster]
2.Any of various devices for cooling an internal substance by radiation, as a system of rings on a gun barrel for cooling it, or a nest of tubes with large radiating surface for cooling circulating water, as in an automobile. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Rad"i*cal(r, a.[F., fr. L. radicalis having roots, fr. radix, -icis, a root. See Radix.]1.Of or pertaining to the root; proceeding directly from the root. 1913 Webster]
2.Hence: Of or pertaining to the root or origin; reaching to the center, to the foundation, to the ultimate sources, to the principles, or the like; original; fundamental; thorough-going; unsparing; extreme; as, radical evils; radical reform; a radical party. 1913 Webster]
The most determined exertions of that authority, against them, only showed their radical independence.Burke. 1913 Webster]
3.(Bot.)(a)Belonging to, or proceeding from, the root of a plant; as, radical tubers or hairs.(b)Proceeding from a rootlike stem, or one which does not rise above the ground; as, the radical leaves of the dandelion and the sidesaddle flower. 1913 Webster]
4.(Philol.)Relating, or belonging, to the root, or ultimate source of derivation; as, a radical verbal form. 1913 Webster]
5.(Math.)Of or pertaining to a radix or root; as, a radical quantity; a radical sign. See below. 1913 Webster]
Radical axis of two circles. (Geom.)See under Axis. --
Radical pitch, the pitch or tone with which the utterance of a syllable begins.Rush. --
Radical quantity(Alg.), a quantity to which the radical sign is prefixed; specifically, a quantity which is not a perfect power of the degree indicated by the radical sign; a surd. --
Radical sign(Math.), the sign r, the initial of radix, root), placed before any quantity, denoting that its root is to be extracted; thus, a, or a + b). To indicate any other than the square root, a corresponding figure is placed over the sign; thus, a, indicates the third or cube root of a. --
Radical stress(Elocution), force of utterance falling on the initial part of a syllable or sound. --
Radical vessels(Anat.), minute vessels which originate in the substance of the tissues. 1913 Webster]
Syn. -- Primitive; original; natural; underived; fundamental; entire. -- Radical, Entire. These words are frequently employed as interchangeable in describing some marked alteration in the condition of things. There is, however, an obvious difference between them. A radical cure, reform, etc., is one which goes to the root of the thing in question; and it is entire, in the sense that, by affecting the root, it affects in an appropriate degree the entire body nourished by the root; but it may not be entire in the sense of making a change complete in its nature, as well as in its extent. Hence, we speak of a radical change; a radical improvement; radical differences of opinion; while an entire change, an entire improvement, an entire difference of opinion, might indicate more than was actually intended. A certain change may be both radical and entire, in every sense. 1913 Webster]
Rad"i*cal(r, n.1.(Philol.)(a)A primitive word; a radix, root, or simple, underived, uncompounded word; an etymon.(b)A primitive letter; a letter that belongs to the radix. 1913 Webster]
The words we at present make use of, and understand only by common agreement, assume a new air and life in the understanding, when you trace them to their radicals, where you find every word strongly stamped with nature; full of energy, meaning, character, painting, and poetry.Cleland. 1913 Webster]
2.(Politics)One who advocates radical changes in government or social institutions, especially such changes as are intended to level class inequalities; -- opposed to conservative. 1913 Webster]
In politics they [the Independents] were, to use the phrase of their own time, \'bdRoot-and-Branch men,\'b8 or, to use the kindred phrase of our own, Radicals.Macaulay. 1913 Webster]
3.(Chem.)(a)A characteristic, essential, and fundamental constituent of any compound; hence, sometimes, an atom. 1913 Webster]
As a general rule, the metallic atoms are basic radicals, while the nonmetallic atoms are acid radicals.J. P. Cooke. 1913 Webster]
(b)Specifically, a group of two or more atoms, not completely saturated, which are so linked that their union implies certain properties, and are conveniently regarded as playing the part of a single atom; a residue; -- called also a compound radical. Cf. Residue. 1913 Webster]
4.(Alg.)A radical quantity. See under Radical, a. 1913 Webster]
An indicated root of a perfect power of the degree indicated is not a radical but a rational quantity under a radical form.Davies & Peck (Math. Dict.) 1913 Webster]
5.(Anat.)A radical vessel. See under Radical, a. 1913 Webster]
Rad"i*cal*ism(r, n.[Cf. F. radicalisme.]The quality or state of being radical; specifically, the doctrines or principles of radicals in politics or social reform. 1913 Webster]
Radicalism means root work; the uprooting of all falsehoods and abuses.F. W. Robertson. 1913 Webster]
Rad`i*cal"i*ty(r, n.1.Germinal principle; source; origination. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne. 1913 Webster]
2.Radicalness; relation to a root in essential nature or principle. 1913 Webster]
Rad"i*cal*ly(r, adv.1.In a radical manner; at, or from, the origin or root; fundamentally; as, a scheme or system radically wrong or defective. 1913 Webster]
These great orbs thus radically bright.Prior. 1913 Webster]
Rad"i*cal*ness, n.Quality or state of being radical. 1913 Webster]
Rad"i*cant(r, a.[L. radicans, p. pr.: cf. F. radicant. See Radicate, a.](Bot.)Taking root on, or above, the ground; rooting from the stem, as the trumpet creeper and the ivy. 1913 Webster]
Rad"i*cate(r, a.[L. radicatus, p. p. of radicari to take root, fr. radix. See Radix.]Radicated. 1913 Webster]
Rad"i*cate(r, v. i.To take root; to become rooted.Evelyn. 1913 Webster]
Rad"i*cate, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Radicated(r; p. pr. & vb. n.Radicating.]To cause to take root; to plant deeply and firmly; to root. 1913 Webster]
Time should . . . rather confirm and radicate in us the remembrance of God's goodness.Barrow. 1913 Webster]
Rad"i*ca`ted(r, a.Rooted; specifically: (a)(Bot.)Having roots, or possessing a well-developed root.(b)(Zo\'94l.)Having rootlike organs for attachment. 1913 Webster]
Rad`i*ca"tion(r, n.[Cf. F. radication.]1.The process of taking root, or state of being rooted; as, the radication of habits. 1913 Webster]
2.(Bot.)The disposition of the roots of a plant. 1913 Webster]
Rad"i*cel(r, n.[Dim. of radix.](Bot.)A small branch of a root; a rootlet. 1913 Webster]
Ra*dic"i*form(r, a.(Bot.)Having the nature or appearance of a radix or root. 1913 Webster]
Rad"i*cle(r, n.[L. radicula, dim. of radix, -icis, root: cf. F. radicule. See Radix.](Bot.)(a)The rudimentary stem of a plant which supports the cotyledons in the seed, and from which the root is developed downward; the stem of the embryo; the caulicle.(b)A rootlet; a radicel. 1913 Webster]
Ra*dic"u*lar(r, a.Of or pertaining to roots, or the root of a plant. 1913 Webster]
Rad"i*cule(r, n.(Bot.)A radicle. 1913 Webster]
Ra*dic"u*lose`(r, a.(Bot.)Producing numerous radicles, or rootlets. 1913 Webster]
Ra"di*i(r, n., pl. of Radius. 1913 Webster]
Ra"di*o-(r, a.1.Of or pertaining to, or employing, or operated by, radiant energy, specifically that of electromagnetic waves with frequencies between those of infrared radiation and X-rays; hence, pertaining to, or employed in, broadcast radio or television, microwaves, radiotelephones, etc.; as, radio waves. Webster 1913 Suppl. +PJC]
2.of or pertaining to broadcast radio; as, a radio program. PJC]
Ra"di*o-(r. A combining form indicating connection with, or relation to, a radius or ray; specifically(Anat.), with the radius of the forearm; as, radio-ulnar, radio-muscular, radio-carpal. 1913 Webster]
ra`di*o*ac"tive(r, a.[Radio- + active.]1.(Physics)Capable of luminescence under the action of cathode rays, X rays, or any of the allied forms of radiation. [obsolete] Webster 1913 Suppl.]
2.(Physics)of, exhibiting, or caused by radioactivity. PJC]
ra`di*o*ac*tiv"i*ty(r, n.(Physics)a form of instability which is a property of the atomic nuclei of certain isotopes, which causes a spontaneous change in the structure of the nucleus, accompanied by emission of energetic radiation. The radiation emitted is usually sufficient to cause ionization in matter through which it passes, and is therefore called ionizing radiation. The radiation emitted by most radioactive substances is one of three types: alpha rays, beta rays, or gamma rays. Some chemical elements have no stable isotopes, and these are referred to as radioactive elements, and the element itself is said to possess radioactivity.The changes in radioactive nuclei which cause radiation in most cases cause the chemical identity of the nucleus itself to change, as when tritium (an isotope of hydrogen) emits a beta ray and converts to helium. The radioactive decay process is a first-order reaction, and the rate of decay of a particular isotope can therefore be expressed as the half life of the isotope, which is the time it takes for one half of the remaining undecayed isotope to decay, and is a constant independent of the proportion of original material which has already decayed. The half life of tritium, for example, is 12.3 years. PJC]
Ra`di*o*con*duc"tor(r, n.(Elec.)A substance or device that has its conductivity altered in some way by electric waves, as a coherer. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
\'d8Ra`di*o-flag`el*la"ta(r, n. pl.[NL. See Radiate, and Flagellata.](Zo\'94l.)A group of Protozoa having both flagella and pseudopodia. 1913 Webster]
ra"di*o*graph(r, n.[Radio- + -graph.]1.An instrument for measuring and recording solar radiation. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
2.An image or picture produced upon a sensitive surface, as of a photographic or fluorescent plate, by some form of penetrating radiation other than light, as X-rays, beta rays, etc.; esp., a picture of the internal structure of opaque objects traversed by the rays; a skiagraph. When the picture is produced upon photographic film by X-rays, the picture is usually called an X-ray photo or X-ray. When an image is produced on photographic film by a radioactive substance in close proximity to the film, in a manner so as to record the spatial distribution of the radioactive substance, the resulting image is called an autoradiograph or autoradiogram. Webster 1913 Suppl. +PJC]
ra"di*o*graph(r, v. t.To make a radiograph of. -- ra`di*og"ra*pher(r, n. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
ra`di*og"ra*phy(r, n.Art or process of making radiographs, radiograms, or autoradiograms. -- ra`di*o*graph"ic(r, ra`di*o*graph"ic*al(r, a. -- Ra`di*o*graph"ic*al*ly, adv. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
<-- p. 1184 pr=vmg -->
\'d8Ra`di*o*la"ri*a(r, n. pl.[NL. See Radioli.](Zo\'94l.)Order of rhizopods, usually having a siliceous skeleton, or shell, and sometimes radiating spicules. The pseudopodia project from the body like rays. It includes the polycystines. See Polycystina. 1913 Webster]
Ra`di*o*la"ri*an(r, a.(Zo\'94l.)Of or pertaining to the Radiolaria. -- n.One of the Radiolaria. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Ra*di"o*li(r, n. pl.; sing. Radiolus(r. [NL., dim. of L. radius radius: cf. L. radiolus a feeble sunbeam.](Zo\'94l.)The barbs of the radii of a feather; barbules. 1913 Webster]
Ra"di*o*lite(r, n.[L. radius ray + -lite: cf. F. radiolithe.](Paleon.)A hippurite. 1913 Webster]
2.(Physics)An instrument designed for measuring the mechanical effect of radiant energy. 1913 Webster]
1913 Webster]
Ra`di*om"e*try(r, n.(Physics)The use of the radiometer, or the measurement of radiation. -- Ra`di*o*met"ric(r, a. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Ra`di*o*mi*crom"e*ter(r, n.[Radio- + micrometer.](Physics)A very sensitive modification or application of the thermopile, used for indicating minute changes of radiant heat, or temperature. 1913 Webster]
Ra"di*o*phare(r, n.[Radio- + phare.]A radiotelegraphic station serving solely for determining the position of ships. The radius of operation of such stations was restricted by the International Radiotelegraphic Convention (1912) to 30 nautical miles. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Ra"di*o*phone(r, n.[Radio- + Gr. fwnh` sound.]1.(Physics)An apparatus for the production of sound by the action of luminous or thermal rays. It is essentially the same as the photophone. 1913 Webster]
2.a telephone using radio waves, rather than wires, to convey the voice signal. PJC]
Ra`di*oph"o*ny(r, n.(Physics)The art or practice of using the radiophone. 1913 Webster]
Ra`di*os"co*py(r, n.[Radio- + -scopy.]Direct observation of objects opaque to light by means of some other form of radiant energy, as x-rays. -- Ra`di*o*scop"ic(r, Ra`di*o*scop"ic*al(r, a. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Ra`di*o*tel"e*gram(r, n.A message transmitted by radiotelegraph. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Ra`di*o*tel`e*graph"ic(r, a.Of or pertaining to radiotelegraphy; employing, or used or employed in, radiotelegraphy. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Ra`di*o*te*leg"ra*phy(r, n.[Radio- + telegraphy.]Telegraphy using the radiant energy of radio waves; wireless telegraphy; -- the term adopted for use by the Radiotelegraphic Convention of 1912. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Ra`di*o*tel"e*phone(r, n.A wireless telephone, in which the signal is conveyed by radio waves. -- Ra`di*o*te*leph"o*ny(#), n. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Ra`di*o*ther"a*py(r, n.[Radio- + therapy.](Med.)Treatment of disease by means of x-rays or radioactivity. Radiotherapy of cancer is based on the fact that cancer cells are more sensitive to radiation than most other cells in the body. Webster 1913 Suppl. +PJC]
ra`di*o*tho"ri*um(r, n.(Chem.)an earlier name for the thorium isotope thorium-228, given by its discoverer Otto Hahn. It is a radioactive substance formed as one of series of products in the chain of radioactive decay of thorium. Its immediate predecessor in the chain is Actinium-228, and it decays by alpha emission to radium-224 with a half-life of 1.91 years. The name radiothorium was given prior to the full understanding of the nature of isotopes of elements. PJC]
ra"di*ous(r, a.[L. radiosus.]1.Consisting of rays, as light. [R.] Berkeley. 1913 Webster]
2.Radiating; radiant. [Obs.] G. Fletcher. 1913 Webster]
Rad"ish(r, n.[F. radis; cf. It. radice, Pr. raditz: all fr. L. radix, -icis, a root, an edible root, especially a radish, akin to E. wort. See Wort, and cf. Eradicate, Race a root, Radix.](Bot.)The pungent fleshy root of a well-known cruciferous plant (Raphanus sativus); also, the whole plant. 1913 Webster]
Radish fly(Zo\'94l.), a small two-winged fly (Anthomyia raphani) whose larv\'91 burrow in radishes. It resembles the onion fly. --
Rat-tailed radish(Bot.), an herb (Raphanus caudatus) having a long, slender pod, which is sometimes eaten. --
Wild radish(Bot.), the jointed charlock. 1913 Webster]
Ra`di*um(r, n.[NL., fr. L. radius ray.](Chem.)An intensely radioactive metallic element found (combined) in minute quantities in pitchblende, and various other uranium minerals. Symbol, Ra; atomic weight, 226.4. Radium was discovered by M. and Mme. Curie, of Paris, who in 1902 separated compounds of it by a tedious process from pitchblende. Its compounds color flames carmine and give a characteristic spectrum. It is divalent, resembling barium chemically. The main isotope of radium found in pitchblende, radium-226, has a half-life of 1620 years, decaying first by alpha emission to radon.Radium preparations are remarkable for maintaining themselves at a higher temperature than their surroundings, and for their radiations, which are of three kinds: alpha rays, beta rays, and gamma rays (see these terms). The beta and gamma rays seen in radium preparations are in fact due to disintegration of decay products of radium rather than the radium itself. By reason of these rays they ionize gases, affect photographic plates, cause sores on the skin, and produce many other striking effects. Their degree of activity depends on the proportion of radium present, but not on its state of chemical combination or on external conditions. The radioactivity of radium is therefore an atomic property, and is due to an inherent instability of the atomic nucleus which causes its decay in a process whose rate is first order. The disintegration of the radium nucleus is only the first in a series of nuclear disintegrations leading to production of a series of elements and isotopes. The chain has at least seven stages; the successive main products have been studied and are radon, a gaseous radioactive element belonging chemically to the inert noble gas series (originally called radium emanation or exradio, radium A, radium B, radium C, etc. The successive products are unstable isotopes of several different elements, each with an atomic weight a little lower than its predecessor. Lead is the stable end product. At the same time, the light gas helium is formed, being generated when the expelled alpha particles (positively charged helium nuclei) acquire electrons. Radium, in turn, is formed in the pitchblende ore by a slow disintegration of uranium. Natural radium and also an isotope (radium-228, also called mesothorium I) formed by the decay of thorium, were at one time used to make a luminous paint for watch dials, until the danger of the radioactivity became fully appreciated, and use of such material in watches was discontinued. See also mesothorium. Webster 1913 Suppl. +PJC]
Ra"di*us(r, n.; pl. L. Radii(r; E. Radiuses(r.[L., a staff, rod, spoke of a wheel, radius, ray. See Ray a divergent line.]1.(Geom.)A right line drawn or extending from the center of a circle to the periphery; the semidiameter of a circle or sphere. 1913 Webster]
2.(Anat.)The preaxial bone of the forearm, or brachium, corresponding to the tibia of the hind limb. See Illust. of Artiodactyla. 1913 Webster]
1913 Webster]
3.(Bot.)A ray, or outer floret, of the capitulum of such plants as the sunflower and the daisy. See Ray, 2. 1913 Webster]
4.pl.(Zo\'94l.)(a)The barbs of a perfect feather.(b)Radiating organs, or color-markings, of the radiates. 1913 Webster]
5.The movable limb of a sextant or other angular instrument.Knight. 1913 Webster]
Radius bar(Mach.), a bar pivoted at one end, about which it swings, and having its other end attached to a piece which it causes to move in a circular arc. --
Radius of curvature. See under Curvature. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Ra"di*us vec"tor(v. 1.(Math.)A straight line (or the length of such line) connecting any point, as of a curve, with a fixed point, or pole, round which the straight line turns, and to which it serves to refer the successive points of a curve, in a system of polar co\'94rdinates. See Co\'94rdinate, n. 1913 Webster]
2.(Astron.)An ideal straight line joining the center of an attracting body with that of a body describing an orbit around it, as a line joining the sun and a planet or comet, or a planet and its satellite. 1913 Webster]
Ra"dix(r, n.; pl. L. Radices(r, E. Radixes(r.[L. radix, -icis, root. See Radish.]1.(Philol.)A primitive word, from which spring other words; a radical; a root; an etymon. 1913 Webster]
2.(Math.)(a)A number or quantity which is arbitrarily made the fundamental number of any system; a base. Thus, 10 is the radix, or base, of the common system of logarithms, and also of the decimal system of numeration.(b)(Alg.)A finite expression, from which a series is derived. [R.] Hutton. 1913 Webster]
3.(Bot.)The root of a plant. 1913 Webster]
Ra"don(r, n.(Chem.)An intensely radioactive gaseous element produced by the radioactive decay of radium-226, which is the main isotope of radium found in pitchblende. Chemically it is an inert noble gas. Its atomic symbol is Rn. It has an atomic number of 86. The radon isotope produced by decay of radium has an atomic weight of 222.017, and this isotope decays by alpha emission with a half-life of 3.82 days. Numerous other isotopes have been observed, all radioactive and all having half-lives shorter than that of radon-222. Radon was discovered by M. and Mme. Curie, of Paris, in their studies of the radioactive substances in pitchblende. Radon was originally called radium emanation or exradio. PJC]
\'d8Rad"u*la(r, n.; pl.Radul\'91(r.[L., a scraper, fr. radere to scrape.](Zo\'94l.)The chitinous ribbon bearing the teeth of mollusks; -- called also lingual ribbon, and tongue. See Odontophore. 1913 Webster]
Raff(r, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Raffed(r; p. pr. & vb. n.Raffing.][OF. raffer, of German origin; cf. G. raffen; akin to E. rap to snatch. See Rap, and cf. Riffraff, Rip to tear.]To sweep, snatch, draw, or huddle together; to take by a promiscuous sweep. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
Causes and effects which I thus raff up together.Carew. 1913 Webster]
Raff, n.1.A promiscuous heap; a jumble; a large quantity; lumber; refuse. \'bdA raff of errors.\'b8 Barrow. 1913 Webster]
2.The sweepings of society; the rabble; the mob; -- chiefly used in the compound or duplicate, riffraff. 1913 Webster]
3.A low fellow; a churl. 1913 Webster]
Raff merchant, a dealer in lumber and odd refuse. [Prov. Eng.] 1913 Webster]
Raf`fa*el*esque"(r, a.Raphaelesque. 1913 Webster]
Raf"fi*a(r, n.(Bot.)A fibrous material used for tying plants, said to come from the leaves of a palm tree of the genus Raphia.J. Smith (Dict. Econ. Plants). 1913 Webster]
Raf"fi*a palm(r. (a)A pinnate-leaved palm (Raphia ruffia) native of Madagascar, and of considerable economic importance on account of the strong fiber (raffia) obtained from its leafstalks.(b)The jupati palm. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Raf"fi*nose`(r, n.[F. raffiner to refine.](Chem.)A colorless crystalline slightly sweet substance obtained from the molasses of the sugar beet. 1913 Webster]
Raff"ish(r, a.Resembling, or having the character of, raff, or a raff; worthless; low. 1913 Webster]
A sad, raffish, disreputable character.Thackeray. 1913 Webster]
Raf"fle(r, n.[F. rafle; faire rafle to sweep stakes, fr. rafler to carry or sweep away, rafler tout to sweep stakes; of German origin; cf. G. raffeln to snatch up, to rake. See Raff, v.]1.A kind of lottery, in which several persons pay, in shares, the value of something put up as a stake, and then determine by chance (as by casting dice) which one of them shall become the sole possessor. 1913 Webster]
2.A game of dice in which he who threw three alike won all the stakes. [Obs.] Cotgrave. 1913 Webster]
Raf"fle(r, n.[See Raff, n. & v., and Raffle.]Refuse; rubbish; raff. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Raf"fle, v. i.[imp. & p. p.Raffled(r; p. pr. & vb. n.Raffling(r.]To engage in a raffle; as, to raffle for a watch. 1913 Webster]
Raf"fle, v. t.To dispose of by means of a raffle; -- often followed by off; as, to raffle off a horse. 1913 Webster]
Raf"fler(r, n.One who raffles. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Raf*fle"si*a(r, n.[NL. Named from its discoverer, Sir S. Raffles.](Bot.)A genus of stemless, leafless plants, living parasitically upon the roots and stems of grapevines in Malaysia. The flowers have a carrionlike odor, and are very large, in one species (Rafflesia Arnoldi) having a diameter of two or three feet. 1913 Webster]
Raft(r, obs. imp. & p. p. of Reave.Spenser. 1913 Webster]
Raft, n.[Originally, a rafter, spar, and fr. Icel. raptr a rafter; akin to Dan. raft, Prov. G. raff a rafter, spar; cf. OHG. r\'befo, r\'bevo, a beam, rafter, Icel. r\'bef roof. Cf. Rafter, n.]1.A collection of logs, boards, pieces of timber, or the like, fastened together, either for their own collective conveyance on the water, or to serve as a support in conveying other things; a float. 1913 Webster]
2.A collection of logs, fallen trees, etc. (such as is formed in some Western rivers of the United States), which obstructs navigation. [U.S.] 1913 Webster]
3.[Perhaps akin to raff a heap.]A large collection of people or things taken indiscriminately. [Slang, U. S.] \'bdA whole raft of folks.\'b8 W. D. Howells. 1913 Webster]
Raft bridge. (a)A bridge whose points of support are rafts. (b)A bridge that consists of floating timbers fastened together. --
Raft duck. [The name alludes to its swimming in dense flocks.](Zo\'94l.)(a)The bluebill, or greater scaup duck; -- called also flock duck. See Scaup.(b)The redhead. --
Raft port(Naut.), a large, square port in a vessel's side for loading or unloading timber or other bulky articles; a timber or lumber port. 1913 Webster]
Raft, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Rafted; p. pr. & vb. n.Rafting.]To transport on a raft, or in the form of a raft; to make into a raft; as, to raft timber. 1913 Webster]
Raf"te(r, obs. imp. of Reave.Chaucer. 1913 Webster]
Raft"er(r, n.A raftsman. 1913 Webster]
Raft"er, n.[AS. r\'91fter; akin to E. raft, n. See Raft.](Arch.)Originally, any rough and somewhat heavy piece of timber. Now, commonly, one of the timbers of a roof which are put on sloping, according to the inclination of the roof. See Illust. of Queen-post. 1913 Webster]
[Courtesy] oft is sooner found in lowly sheds, rafters, than in tapestry halls.Milton. 1913 Webster]
Raft"er, v. t.1.To make into rafters, as timber. 1913 Webster]
2.To furnish with rafters, as a house. 1913 Webster]
3.(Agric.)To plow so as to turn the grass side of each furrow upon an unplowed ridge; to ridge. [Eng.] 1913 Webster]
Raft"ing, n.The business of making or managing rafts. 1913 Webster]
Rafts"man(r, n.; pl.Raftsmen(r.A man engaged in rafting. 1913 Webster]
Raf"ty(r, a.[Perhaps akin to G. reif hoarfrost.]Damp; musty. [Prov. Eng.] 1913 Webster]
Rag(r, v. t.[Cf. Icel. r\'91gja to calumniate, OHG. ruogen to accuse, G. r\'81gen to censure, AS. wr, Goth. wr to accuse.]To scold or rail at; to rate; to tease; to torment; to banter. [Prov. Eng.] Pegge. 1913 Webster]
Rag, n.[OE. ragge, probably of Scand, origin; cf. Icel. r\'94gg a tuft, shagginess, Sw. ragg rough hair. Cf. Rug, n.]1.A piece of cloth torn off; a tattered piece of cloth; a shred; a tatter; a fragment. 1913 Webster]
Cowls, hoods, and habits, with their wearers, tossed, rags.Milton. 1913 Webster]
Not having otherwise any rag of legality to cover the shame of their cruelty.Fuller. 1913 Webster]
2.pl.Hence, mean or tattered attire; worn-out dress. 1913 Webster]
And virtue, though in rags, will keep me warm.Dryden. 1913 Webster]
3.A shabby, beggarly fellow; a ragamuffin. 1913 Webster]
The other zealous rag is the compositor.B. Jonson. 1913 Webster]
Upon the proclamation, they all came in, both tag and rag.Spenser. 1913 Webster]
4.(Geol.)A coarse kind of rock, somewhat cellular in texture. 1913 Webster]
5.(Metal Working)A ragged edge. 1913 Webster]
6.A sail, or any piece of canvas. [Nautical Slang] 1913 Webster]
Our ship was a clipper with every rag set.Lowell. 1913 Webster]
Rag bolt, an iron pin with barbs on its shank to retain it in place. --
Rag carpet, a carpet of which the weft consists of narrow strips of cloth sewed together, end to end. --
Rag dust, fine particles of ground-up rags, used in making papier-mach\'82 and wall papers. --
Rag wheel. (a)A chain wheel; a sprocket wheel. (b)A polishing wheel made of disks of cloth clamped together on a mandrel. --
Rag wool, wool obtained by tearing woolen rags into fine bits, shoddy. 1913 Webster]
Rag(r, v. i.[imp. & p. p.Ragged(r; p. pr. & vb. n.Ragging(r.]To become tattered. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
Rag, v. t.1.To break (ore) into lumps for sorting. 1913 Webster]
2.To cut or dress roughly, as a grindstone. 1913 Webster]
Rag, v. t.1.(Music)To play or compose (a piece, melody, etc.) in syncopated time. [Colloq.] Webster 1913 Suppl.]
2.To dance to ragtime music, esp. in some manner considered indecorous. [Colloq. or Slang] Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Rag`a*muf"fin(r, n.[Cf. Ragamofin, the name of a demon in some of the old mysteries.]1.A paltry or disreputable fellow; a mean wretch.Dryden. 1913 Webster]
2.A person who wears ragged clothing. [Colloq.] 1913 Webster]
torment, and loud lament, and furious rage.Milton. 1913 Webster]
3.A violent or raging wind. [Obs.] Chaucer. 1913 Webster]
4.The subject of eager desire; that which is sought after, or prosecuted, with unreasonable or excessive passion; as, to be all the rage. 1913 Webster]
Rage, v. i.[imp. & p. p.Raged(r; p. pr. & vb. n.Raging(r.][OF. ragier. See Rage, n.]1.To be furious with anger; to be exasperated to fury; to be violently agitated with passion. \'bdWhereat he inly raged.\'b8 Milton. 1913 Webster]
When one so great begins to rage, he is hunted Shak. 1913 Webster]
Rage, rage against the dying of the light Dylan Thomas. PJC]
2.To be violent and tumultuous; to be violently driven or agitated; to act or move furiously; as, the raging sea or winds. 1913 Webster]
Why do the heathen rage?Ps. ii. 1. 1913 Webster]
The madding wheels raged; dire was the noise.Milton. 1913 Webster]
3.To ravage; to prevail without restraint, or with destruction or fatal effect; as, the plague raged in Cairo. 1913 Webster]
4.To toy or act wantonly; to sport. [Obs.] Chaucer. 1913 Webster]
Syn. -- To storm; fret; chafe; fume. 1913 Webster]
Rage, v. t.To enrage. [Obs.] Shak. 1913 Webster]
Rage"ful(r, a.Full of rage; expressing rage. [Obs.] \'bdRageful eyes.\'b8 Sir P. Sidney. 1913 Webster]
Rag"ged(r, a.[From Rag, n.]1.Rent or worn into tatters, or till the texture is broken; as, a ragged coat; a ragged sail. 1913 Webster]
2.Broken with rough edges; having jags; uneven; rough; jagged; as, ragged rocks. 1913 Webster]
3.Hence, harsh and disagreeable to the ear; dissonant. [R.] \'bdA ragged noise of mirth.\'b8 Herbert. 1913 Webster]
4.Wearing tattered clothes; as, a ragged fellow. 1913 Webster]
5.Rough; shaggy; rugged. 1913 Webster]
What shepherd owns those ragged sheep?Dryden. 1913 Webster]
Ragged lady(Bot.), the fennel flower (Nigella Damascena). --
Ragged robin(Bot.), a plant of the genus Lychnis (Lychnis Flos-cuculi), cultivated for its handsome flowers, which have the petals cut into narrow lobes. --
Ragged school, a free school for poor children, where they are taught and in part fed; -- a name given at first because they came in their common clothing. [Eng.] 1913 Webster]
-- Rag"ged*ly, adv. -- Rag"ged*ness, n. 1913 Webster]
Rag"lan(r, n.1.A loose overcoat with large sleeves; -- named after Lord Raglan, an English general who was an aide-de-camp to Wellington at Waterlooo. 1913 Webster]
2.An overcoat with raglan sleeves. PJC]
rag"lan sleeve`(r, n.A sleeve joined to the body of a garment by a long slanting seam starting at the neck and continuing around the armhole. Contrasted to a set-in sleeve. PJC]
Rag"man(r, n.; pl.Ragmen(r.A man who collects, or deals in, rags. 1913 Webster]
Rag"man, n.[See Ragman's roll.]A document having many names or numerous seals, as a papal bull. [Obs.] Piers Plowman. 1913 Webster]
Rag"man's roll`(r. [For ragman roll a long list of names, the devil's roll or list; where ragman is of Scand. origin; cf. Icel. ragmenni a craven person, Sw. raggen the devil. Icel. ragmenni is fr. ragr cowardly (another form of argr, akin to AS. earg cowardly, vile, G. arg bad) + menni (in comp.) man, akin to E. man. See Roll, and cf. Rigmarole.]The rolls of deeds on parchment in which the Scottish nobility and gentry subscribed allegiance to Edward I. of England, A. D. 1296.[Also written ragman-roll.] 1913 Webster]
{ Rag"na*rok"(r, \'d8Rag"na*r\'94k"(r }, n.[Icel., fr. regin, r\'94gn, gods + r\'94k reason, origin, history; confused with ragna-r\'94kr the twilight of the gods.](Norse Myth.)The so-called \'bdTwilight of the Gods\'b8 (called in German G\'94tterd\'84mmerung), the final destruction of the world in the great conflict between the \'92sir (gods) on the one hand, and on the other, the giants and the powers of Hel under the leadership of Loki (who is escaped from bondage). Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Ra*gout"(r, n.[F. rago\'96t, fr. rago\'96ter to restore one's appetite, fr. L. pref. re- re- + ad to + gustare to taste, gustus taste. See Gust relish.]A dish made of pieces of meat, stewed, and highly seasoned; as, a ragout of mutton. 1913 Webster]
Rag"pick`er(r, n.One who gets a living by picking up rags and refuse things in the streets. 1913 Webster]
Rag"time`, n.(Mus.)a rhythm with a regular accompaniment in two-four time and a melody characterized by syncopation, first recognized in many negro melodies; also a style of American music in this rhythm. Webster 1913 Suppl. +PJC]
{ Ra*guled"(r, Rag*guled"(r, }a.[Cf. F. raguer to chafe, fret, rub, or E. rag.](Her.)Notched in regular diagonal breaks; -- said of a line, or a bearing having such an edge. 1913 Webster]
<-- p. 1185 pr=vmg -->
Rag"weed`(r, n.(Bot.)A common American composite weed (Ambrosia artemisi\'91folia) with finely divided leaves; hogweed. 1913 Webster]
Great ragweed, a coarse American herb (Ambrosia trifida), with rough three-lobed opposite leaves. 1913 Webster]
Rag"work`(r, n.(Masonry)A kind of rubblework. In the United States, any rubblework of thin and small stones. 1913 Webster]
Rag"wort`(r, n.(Bot.)A name given to several species of the composite genus Senecio. 1913 Webster]
Senecio aureus is the golden ragwort of the United States; Senecio elegans is the purple ragwort of South Africa. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Ra"ia(r, n.[L., a ray. Cf. Ray the fish.](Zo\'94l.)A genus of rays which includes the skates. See Skate. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Ra"i\'91(r, n. pl.[NL. See Raia.](Zo\'94l.)The order of elasmobranch fishes which includes the sawfishes, skates, and rays; -- called also Raj\'91, and Rajii. 1913 Webster]
Raid(r, n.[Icel. rei a riding, raid; akin to E. road. See Road a way.]1.A hostile or predatory incursion; an inroad or incursion of mounted men; a sudden and rapid invasion by a cavalry force; a foray. 1913 Webster]
Marauding chief! his sole delight raid, the morning fight.Sir W. Scott. 1913 Webster]
There are permanent conquests, temporary occupations, and occasional raids.H. Spenser. 1913 Webster]
1913 Webster]
2.An attack or invasion for the purpose of making arrests, seizing property, or plundering; as, a raid of the police upon a gambling house; a raid of contractors on the public treasury. [Colloq. U. S.] 1913 Webster]
Raid, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Raided; p. pr. & vb. n.Raiding.]To make a raid upon or into; as, two regiments raided the border counties. 1913 Webster]
Raid"er(r, n.One who engages in a raid. [U.S.] 1913 Webster]
Raif"fei`sen(r, a.(Economics)Designating, or pertaining to, a form of co\'94perative bank founded among the German agrarian population by Friedrich Wilhelm Raiffeisen (1818-88); as, Raiffeisen banks, the Raiffeisen system, etc. The banks are unlimited-liability institutions making small loans at a low rate of interest, for a designated purpose, to worthy members only. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Rail(r, n.[OE. reil, re\'f4el, AS. hr\'91gel, hr\'91gl, a garment; akin to OHG. hregil, OFries. hreil.]An outer cloak or covering; a neckerchief for women.Fairholt. 1913 Webster]
Rail, v. i.[Etymol. uncertain.]To flow forth; to roll out; to course. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
Streams of tears from her fair eyes forth railing.Spenser. 1913 Webster]
Rail, n.[Akin to LG. & Sw. regel bar, bolt, G. riegel a rail, bar, or bolt, OHG. rigil, rigel, bar, bolt, and possibly to E. row a line.]1.A bar of timber or metal, usually horizontal or nearly so, extending from one post or support to another, as in fences, balustrades, staircases, etc. 1913 Webster]
2.(Arch.)A horizontal piece in a frame or paneling. See Illust. of Style. 1913 Webster]
3.(Railroad)A bar of steel or iron, forming part of the track on which the wheels roll. It is usually shaped with reference to vertical strength, and is held in place by chairs, splices, etc. 1913 Webster]
4.(Naut.)(a)The stout, narrow plank that forms the top of the bulwarks.(b)The light, fencelike structures of wood or metal at the break of the deck, and elsewhere where such protection is needed. 1913 Webster]
5.A railroad as a means of transportation; as, to go by rail; a place not accesible by rail. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
6.a railing. PJC]
Rail fence. See under Fence. --
Rail guard. (a)A device attached to the front of a locomotive on each side for clearing the rail of obstructions. (b)A guard rail. See under Guard. --
Rail joint(Railroad), a splice connecting the adjacent ends of rails, in distinction from a chair, which is merely a seat. The two devices are sometimes united. Among several hundred varieties, the fish joint is standard. See Fish joint, under Fish. --
Rail train(Iron & Steel Manuf.), a train of rolls in a rolling mill, for making rails for railroads from blooms or billets. 1913 Webster]
Rail, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Railed(r; p. pr. & vb. n.Railing.]1.To inclose with rails or a railing. 1913 Webster]
It ought to be fenced in and railed.Ayliffe. 1913 Webster]
2.To range in a line. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
They were brought to London all railed in ropes, like a team of horses in a cart.Bacon. 1913 Webster]
Rail, n.[F. r\'83le, fr. r\'83ler to have a rattling in the throat; of German origin, and akin to E. rattle. See Rattle, v.](Zo\'94l.)Any one of numerous species of limicoline birds of the family Rallid\'91, especially those of the genus Rallus, and of closely allied genera. They are prized as game birds. 1913 Webster]
Rallus aquaticus) is called also bilcock, skitty coot, and brook runner. The best known American species are the clapper rail, or salt-marsh hen (Rallus longirostris, var. crepitans); the king, or red-breasted, rail (Rallus elegans) (called also fresh-water marshhen); the lesser clapper, or Virginia, rail (Rallus Virginianus); and the Carolina, or sora, rail (Porzana Carolina). See Sora. 1913 Webster]
Land rail(Zo\'94l.), the corncrake. 1913 Webster]
Rail, v. i.[F. railler; cf. Sp. rallar to grate, scrape, molest; perhaps fr. (assumed) LL. radiculare, fr. L. radere to scrape, grate. Cf. Rally to banter, Rase.]To use insolent and reproachful language; to utter reproaches; to scoff; -- followed by at or against, formerly by on.Shak. 1913 Webster]
And rail at arts he did not understand.Dryden. 1913 Webster]
Lesbia forever on me rails.Swift. 1913 Webster]
Rail(r, v. t.1.To rail at. [Obs.] Feltham. 1913 Webster]
2.To move or influence by railing. [R.] 1913 Webster]
Rail the seal from off my bond.Shak. 1913 Webster]
Rail"er(r, n.One who rails; one who scoffs, insults, censures, or reproaches with opprobrious language. 1913 Webster]
Angels, which are greater in power and might, bring not railing accusation against them.2 Pet. ii. 11. 1913 Webster]
Rail"ing, n.1.A barrier made of a rail or of rails, together with vertical supports. The typical railing in the interior of structures or on porches has a horizontal rail near waist height, and multiple vertical supports. Its function is usually to provide a safety barrier at the edge of a verticle drop to prevent falls. 1913 Webster +PJC]
2.Rails in general; also, material for making rails. 1913 Webster]
Rail"ing*ly, adv.With scoffing or insulting language. 1913 Webster]
Rail"ler*y(ror r, n.[F. raillerie, fr. railler. See Rail to scoff.]Pleasantry or slight satire; banter; jesting language; satirical merriment. 1913 Webster]
Let raillery be without malice or heat.B. Jonson. 1913 Webster]
Studies employed on low objects; the very naming of them is sufficient to turn them into raillery.Addison. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Rail`leur"(r, n.[F.]A banterer; a jester; a mocker. [R.] Wycherley. 1913 Webster]
{ Rail"road`(r, Rail"way`(r, }n.1.A road or way consisting of one or more parallel series of iron or steel rails, patterned and adjusted to be tracks for the wheels of vehicles, and suitably supported on a bed or substructure. 1913 Webster]
1913 Webster]
2.The road, track, etc., with all the lands, buildings, rolling stock, franchises, etc., pertaining to them and constituting one property; as, a certain railroad has been put into the hands of a receiver. 1913 Webster]
Railway is the commoner word in England; railroad the commoner word in the United States. 1913 Webster]
railroad and railway are used interchangeably: -- 1913 Webster]
Atmospheric railway,
Elevated railway, etc. See under Atmospheric, Elevated, etc. --
Cable railway. See Cable road, under Cable. --
Ferry railway, a submerged track on which an elevated platform runs, for carrying a train of cars across a water course. --
Gravity railway, a railway, in a hilly country, on which the cars run by gravity down gentle slopes for long distances after having been hauled up steep inclines to an elevated point by stationary engines. --
Railway brake, a brake used in stopping railway cars or locomotives. --
Railway car, a large, heavy vehicle with flanged wheels fitted for running on a railway. [U.S.] --
Railway carriage, a railway passenger car. [Eng.] --
Railway scale, a platform scale bearing a track which forms part of the line of a railway, for weighing loaded cars. --
Railway slide. See Transfer table, under Transfer. --
Railway spine(Med.), an abnormal condition due to severe concussion of the spinal cord, such as occurs in railroad accidents. It is characterized by ataxia and other disturbances of muscular function, sensory disorders, pain in the back, impairment of general health, and cerebral disturbance, -- the symptoms often not developing till some months after the injury. --
Underground railroad
Underground railway. (a)A railroad or railway running through a tunnel, as beneath the streets of a city. (b)Formerly, a system of co\'94peration among certain active antislavery people in the United States prior to 1866, by which fugitive slaves were secretly helped to reach Canada.[In the latter sense railroad, and not railway, was usually used.] \'bdTheir house was a principal entrep\'93t of the underground railroad.\'b8 W. D. Howells. 1913 Webster]
Rail"road`, v. t.To carry or send by railroad; usually fig., to send or put through at high speed or in great haste; to hurry or rush unduly; as, to railroad a bill through Condress. [Colloq., U. S.] Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Rail"road`ing, n.The construction of a railroad; the business of managing or operating a railroad. [Colloq. U. S.] 1913 Webster]
Rai"ment(r, n.[Abbrev. fr. arraiment. See Array.]1.Clothing in general; vesture; garments; -- usually singular in form, with a collective sense. 1913 Webster]
Living, both food and raiment she supplies.Dryden. 1913 Webster]
2.An article of dress. [R. or Obs.] Sir P. Sidney. 1913 Webster]
Rain(r, n. & v.Reign. [Obs.] Spenser. 1913 Webster]
Rain(r, n.[OE. rein, AS. regen; akin to OFries. rein, D. & G. regen, OS. & OHG. regan, Icel., Dan., & Sw. regn, Goth. rign, and prob. to L. rigare to water, to wet; cf. Gr. bre`chein to wet, to rain.]Water falling in drops from the clouds; the descent of water from the clouds in drops. 1913 Webster]
Rain is water by the heat of the sun divided into very small parts ascending in the air, till, encountering the cold, it be condensed into clouds, and descends in drops.Ray. 1913 Webster]
Fair days have oft contracted wind and rain.Milton. 1913 Webster]
Rain is distinguished from mist by the size of the drops, which are distinctly visible. When water falls in very small drops or particles, it is called mist; and fog is composed of particles so fine as to be not only individually indistinguishable, but to float or be suspended in the air. See Fog, and Mist. 1913 Webster]
Rain band(Meteorol.), a dark band in the yellow portion of the solar spectrum near the sodium line, caused by the presence of watery vapor in the atmosphere, and hence sometimes used in weather predictions. --
Rain bird(Zo\'94l.), the yaffle, or green woodpecker. [Prov. Eng.] The name is also applied to various other birds, as to Saurothera vetula of the West Indies. --
Rain fowl(Zo\'94l.), the channel-bill cuckoo (Scythrops Nov\'91-Hollandi\'91) of Australia. --
Rain gauge, an instrument of various forms for measuring the quantity of rain that falls at any given place in a given time; a pluviometer; an ombrometer. --
Rain goose(Zo\'94l.), the red-throated diver, or loon. [Prov. Eng.] --
Rain prints(Geol.), markings on the surfaces of stratified rocks, presenting an appearance similar to those made by rain on mud and sand, and believed to have been so produced. --
Rain quail. (Zo\'94l.)See Quail, n., 1. --
Rain water, water that has fallen from the clouds in rain. 1913 Webster]
Rain, v. i.[imp. & p. p.Rained(r; p. pr. & vb. n.Raining.][AS. regnian, akin to G. regnen, Goth. rignjan. See Rain, n.]1.To fall in drops from the clouds, as water; -- used mostly with it for a nominative; as, it rains. 1913 Webster]
The rain it raineth every day.Shak. 1913 Webster]
2.To fall or drop like water from the clouds; as, tears rained from their eyes. 1913 Webster]
Rain(r, v. t.1.To pour or shower down from above, like rain from the clouds. 1913 Webster]
Then said the Lord unto Moses, Behold, I will rain bread from heaven for you.Ex. xvi. 4. 1913 Webster]
2.To bestow in a profuse or abundant manner; as, to rain favors upon a person. 1913 Webster]
Rain"bow`(r, n.[AS. regenboga, akin to G. regenbogen. See Rain, and Bow anything bent.]A bow or arch exhibiting, in concentric bands, the several colors of the spectrum, and formed in the part of the hemisphere opposite to the sun by the refraction and reflection of the sun's rays in drops of falling rain. 1913 Webster]
primary rainbow, which is formed by two refractions and one reflection, there is also another often seen exterior to it, called the secondary rainbow, concentric with the first, and separated from it by a small interval. It is formed by two refractions and two reflections, is much fainter than the primary bow, and has its colors arranged in the reverse order from those of the latter. 1913 Webster]
Lunar rainbow, a fainter arch or rainbow, formed by the moon. --
Marine rainbow,
Sea bow, a similar bow seen in the spray of waves at sea. --
Rainbow trout(Zo\'94l.), a bright-colored trout (Salmo irideus), native of the mountains of California, but now extensively introduced into the Eastern States, Japan, and other countries; -- called also brook trout, mountain trout, and golden trout. --
Rainbow wrasse. (Zo\'94l.)See under Wrasse. --
Supernumerary rainbow, a smaller bow, usually of red and green colors only, sometimes seen within the primary or without the secondary rainbow, and in contact with them. 1913 Webster]
Rain"bowed`(r, a.Formed with or like a rainbow. 1913 Webster]
Rain"fall`(r, n.A fall or descent of rain; the water, or amount of water, that falls in rain; as, the average annual rainfall of a region. 1913 Webster]
Supplied by the rainfall of the outer ranges of Sinchul and Singaleleh.Hooker. 1913 Webster]
Rain"i*ness(r, n.The state of being rainy. 1913 Webster]
Rain"less(r, a.Destitute of rain; as, a rainless region. 1913 Webster]
Rain"-tight`(r, a.So tight as to exclude rain; as, a rain-tight roof. 1913 Webster]
Rain"y(r, a.[AS. regenig.]Abounding with rain; wet; showery; as, rainy weather; a rainy day or season. 1913 Webster]
Raip(r, n.[Cf. Icel. reip rope. Cf. Rope.]A rope; also, a measure equal to a rod. [Scot.] 1913 Webster]
Rais(r, n.Same as 2d Reis. 1913 Webster]
Rais"a*ble(r, a.Capable of being raised. 1913 Webster]
Raise(r, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Raised(r; p. pr. & vb. n.Raising.][OE. reisen, Icel. reisa, causative of r\'c6sa to rise. See Rise, and cf. Rear to raise.] 1913 Webster]
1.To cause to rise; to bring from a lower to a higher place; to lift upward; to elevate; to heave; as, to raise a stone or weight. Hence, figuratively: -- 1913 Webster]
(a)To bring to a higher condition or situation; to elevate in rank, dignity, and the like; to increase the value or estimation of; to promote; to exalt; to advance; to enhance; as, to raise from a low estate; to raise to office; to raise the price, and the like. 1913 Webster]
This gentleman came to be raised to great titles.Clarendon. 1913 Webster]
The plate pieces of eight were raised three pence in the piece.Sir W. Temple. 1913 Webster]
(b)To increase the strength, vigor, or vehemence of; to excite; to intensify; to invigorate; to heighten; as, to raise the pulse; to raise the voice; to raise the spirits or the courage; to raise the heat of a furnace. 1913 Webster]
(c)To elevate in degree according to some scale; as, to raise the pitch of the voice; to raise the temperature of a room. 1913 Webster]
2.To cause to rise up, or assume an erect position or posture; to set up; to make upright; as, to raise a mast or flagstaff. Hence: -- 1913 Webster]
(a)To cause to spring up from a recumbent position, from a state of quiet, or the like; to awaken; to arouse. 1913 Webster]
They shall not awake, nor be raised out of their sleep.Job xiv. 12. 1913 Webster]
(b)To rouse to action; to stir up; to incite to tumult, struggle, or war; to excite. 1913 Webster]
He commandeth, and raiseth the stormy wind.Ps. cvii. 25. 1913 Webster]
\'92neas . . . employs his pains, raise the Tuscan swains.Dryden. 1913 Webster]
(c)To bring up from the lower world; to call up, as a spirit from the world of spirits; to recall from death; to give life to. 1913 Webster]
Why should it be thought a thing incredible with you, that God should raise the dead ?Acts xxvi. 8. 1913 Webster]
3.To cause to arise, grow up, or come into being or to appear; to give rise to; to originate, produce, cause, effect, or the like.Hence, specifically: -- 1913 Webster]
(a)To form by the accumulation of materials or constituent parts; to build up; to erect; as, to raise a lofty structure, a wall, a heap of stones. 1913 Webster]
I will raise forts against thee.Isa. xxix. 3. 1913 Webster]
(b)To bring together; to collect; to levy; to get together or obtain for use or service; as, to raise money, troops, and the like. \'bdTo raise up a rent.\'b8 Chaucer. 1913 Webster]
(c)To cause to grow; to procure to be produced, bred, or propagated; to grow; as, to raise corn, barley, hops, etc.; toraise cattle. \'bdHe raised sheep.\'b8 \'bdHe raised wheat where none grew before.\'b8 Johnson's Dict. 1913 Webster]
<-- p. 1186 pr=vmg -->
raise is also commonly applied to the rearing or bringing up of children. 1913 Webster]
I was raised, as they say in Virginia, among the mountains of the North.Paulding. 1913 Webster]
(d)To bring into being; to produce; to cause to arise, come forth, or appear; -- often with up. 1913 Webster]
I will raise them up a prophet from among their brethren, like unto thee.Deut. xviii. 18. 1913 Webster]
God vouchsafes to raise another world Milton. 1913 Webster]
(e)To give rise to; to set agoing; to occasion; to start; to originate; as, to raise a smile or a blush. 1913 Webster]
Thou shalt not raise a false report.Ex. xxiii. 1. 1913 Webster]
(f)To give vent or utterance to; to utter; to strike up. 1913 Webster]
Soon as the prince appears, they raise a cry.Dryden. 1913 Webster]
(g)To bring to notice; to submit for consideration; as, to raise a point of order; to raise an objection. 1913 Webster]
4.To cause to rise, as by the effect of leaven; to make light and spongy, as bread. 1913 Webster]
Miss Liddy can dance a jig, and raise paste.Spectator. 1913 Webster]
5.(Naut.)(a)To cause (the land or any other object) to seem higher by drawing nearer to it; as, to raise Sandy Hook light.(b)To let go; as in the command, Raise tacks and sheets, i. e., Let go tacks and sheets. 1913 Webster]
6.(Law)To create or constitute; as, to raise a use, that is, to create it.Burrill. 1913 Webster]
To raise a blockade(Mil.), to remove or break up a blockade, either by withdrawing the ships or forces employed in enforcing it, or by driving them away or dispersing them. --
To raise a check,
note,
bill of exchange, etc., to increase fraudulently its nominal value by changing the writing, figures, or printing in which the sum payable is specified.<-- or money order --> --
To raise a siege, to relinquish an attempt to take a place by besieging it, or to cause the attempt to be relinquished. --
To raise steam, to produce steam of a required pressure. --
To raise the wind, to procure ready money by some temporary expedient. [Colloq.] --
To raise Cain, or
To raise the devil, to cause a great disturbance; to make great trouble. [Slang] 1913 Webster]
Raised(r, a.1.Lifted up; showing above the surroundings; as, raised or embossed metal work. 1913 Webster]
2.Leavened; made with leaven, or yeast; -- used of bread, cake, etc., as distinguished from that made with cream of tartar, soda, etc. See Raise, v. t., 4. 1913 Webster]
Raised beach. See under Beach, n. 1913 Webster]
Rais"er(r, n.One who, or that which, raises (in various senses of the verb). 1913 Webster]
Rai"sin(r, n.[F. raisin grape, raisin, L. racemus cluster of grapes or berries; cf. Gr. "ra`x, "rago`s, berry, grape. Cf. Raceme.]1.A grape, or a bunch of grapes. [Obs.] Cotgrave. 1913 Webster]
2.A grape dried in the sun or by artificial heat. 1913 Webster]
Raisin tree(Bot.), the common red currant bush, whose fruit resembles the small raisins of Corinth called currants. [Eng.] Dr. Prior. 1913 Webster]
Rais"ing(r, n.1.The act of lifting, setting up, elevating, exalting, producing, or restoring to life. 1913 Webster]
2.Specifically, the operation or work of setting up the frame of a building; as, to help at a raising. [U.S.]<-- e.g., barn raising --> 1913 Webster]
3.The operation of embossing sheet metal, or of forming it into cup-shaped or hollow articles, by hammering, stamping, or spinning. 1913 Webster]
Raising bee, a bee for raising the frame of a building. See Bee, n., 2. [U.S.] W. Irving. --
Raising hammer, a hammer with a rounded face, used in raising sheet metal. --
Raising plate(Carp.), the plate, or longitudinal timber, on which a roof is raised and rests. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Rai`son`n\'82"(r, a.[F. raisonn\'82, p. p. of raisonner to reason.]Arranged systematically, or according to classes or subjects; as, a catalogue raisonn\'82. See under Catalogue. 1913 Webster]
Ra"jah(r, n.[Hind. r\'bej\'be, Skr. r\'bejan, akin to L. rex, regis. See Regal, a.]A native prince or king; also, a landholder or person of importance in the agricultural districts. [India] 1913 Webster]
Ra"jah*ship, n.The office or dignity of a rajah. 1913 Webster]
{ \'d8Raj`poot", \'d8Raj`put" }(r, n.[Hind. r\'bej-p, Skr. r\'beja-putra king's son.]A Hindoo of the second, or royal and military, caste; a Kshatriya; especially, an inhabitant of the country of Rajpootana, in northern central India. 1913 Webster]
Rake(r, n.[AS. race; akin to OD. rake, D. reek, OHG. rehho, G. rechen, Icel. reka a shovel, and to Goth. rikan to heap up, collect, and perhaps to Gr. 'ore`gein to stretch out, and E. rack to stretch. Cf. Reckon.]1.An implement consisting of a headpiece having teeth, and a long handle at right angles to it, -- used for collecting hay, or other light things which are spread over a large surface, or for breaking and smoothing the earth. 1913 Webster]
2.A toothed machine drawn by a horse, -- used for collecting hay or grain; a horserake. 1913 Webster]
3.[Perhaps a different word.](Mining)A fissure or mineral vein traversing the strata vertically, or nearly so; -- called also rake-vein. 1913 Webster]
Gill rakes. (Anat.)See under 1st Gill. 1913 Webster]
Rake, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Raked(r; p. pr. & vb. n.Raking.][AS. racian. See 1st Rake.]1.To collect with a rake; as, to rake hay; -- often with up; as, he raked up the fallen leaves. 1913 Webster]
2. Hence: To collect or draw together with laborious industry; to gather from a wide space; to scrape together; as, to rake together wealth; to rake together slanderous tales; to rake together the rabble of a town. 1913 Webster]
3.To pass a rake over; to scrape or scratch with a rake for the purpose of collecting and clearing off something, or for stirring up the soil; as, to rake a lawn; to rake a flower bed. 1913 Webster]
4.To search through; to scour; to ransack. 1913 Webster]
The statesman rakes the town to find a plot.Swift. 1913 Webster]
5.To scrape or scratch across; to pass over quickly and lightly, as a rake does. 1913 Webster]
Like clouds that rake the mountain summits.Wordsworth. 1913 Webster]
6.(Mil.)To enfilade; to fire in a direction with the length of; in naval engagements, to cannonade, as a ship, on the stern or head so that the balls range the whole length of the deck. 1913 Webster]
To rake up. (a)To collect together, as the fire (live coals), and cover with ashes. (b)To bring up; to search out and bring to notice again; as, to rake up old scandals. 1913 Webster]
Rake(r, v. i.1.To use a rake, as for searching or for collecting; to scrape; to search minutely. 1913 Webster]
One is for raking in Chaucer for antiquated words.Dryden. 1913 Webster]
2.To pass with violence or rapidity; to scrape along. 1913 Webster]
Pas could not stay, but over him did rake.Sir P. Sidney. 1913 Webster]
Rake, n.[Cf. dial. Sw. raka to reach, and E. reach.]The inclination of anything from a perpendicular direction; as, the rake of a roof, a staircase, etc.; especially (Naut.), the inclination of a mast or funnel, or, in general, of any part of a vessel not perpendicular to the keel. 1913 Webster]
Rake, v. i.To incline from a perpendicular direction; as, a mast rakes aft. 1913 Webster]
Raking course(Bricklaying), a course of bricks laid diagonally between the face courses in a thick wall, to strengthen it. 1913 Webster]
Rake, n.[OE. rakel rash; cf. Icel. reikall wandering, unsettled, reika to wander.]A loose, disorderly, vicious man; a person addicted to lewdness and other scandalous vices; a debauchee; a rou\'82. 1913 Webster]
An illiterate and frivolous old rake.Macaulay. 1913 Webster]
Rake, v. i.1.[Icel. reika. Cf. Rake a debauchee.]To walk about; to gad or ramble idly. [Prov. Eng.] 1913 Webster]
2.[See Rake a debauchee.]To act the rake; to lead a dissolute, debauched life.Shenstone. 1913 Webster]
To rake out(Falconry), to fly too far and wide from its master while hovering above waiting till the game is sprung; -- said of the hawk.Encyc. Brit. 1913 Webster]
Rake"hell`(r, n.[See Rakel.]A lewd, dissolute fellow; a debauchee; a rake. 1913 Webster]
It seldom doth happen, in any way of life, that a sluggard and a rakehell do not go together.Barrow. 1913 Webster]
Ra"kel(r, a.[OE. See Rake a debauchee.]Hasty; reckless; rash. [Obs.] Chaucer. -- Ra"kel*ness, n. [Obs.]Chaucer. 1913 Webster]
Rak"er(r, n.[See 1st Rake.]1.One who, or that which, rakes; as: (a)A person who uses a rake.(b)A machine for raking grain or hay by horse or other power.(c)A gun so placed as to rake an enemy's ship. 1913 Webster]
2.(Zo\'94l.)See Gill rakers, under 1st Gill. 1913 Webster]
Rak"er*y(r, n.Debauchery; lewdness. 1913 Webster]
The rakery and intrigues of the lewd town.R. North. 1913 Webster]
Rake"stale`(r, n.[Rake the instrument + stale a handle.]The handle of a rake. 1913 Webster]
That tale is not worth a rakestele.Chaucer. 1913 Webster]
Rake"-vein`(r, n.See Rake, a mineral vein. 1913 Webster]
{ \'d8Ra`ki", \'d8Ra`kee" }(r, n.[Turk. r\'beq\'c6 arrack.]A kind of ardent spirits used in southern Europe and the East, distilled from grape juice, grain, etc. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Rak"ing(r, n.1.The act or process of using a rake; the going over a space with a rake. 1913 Webster]
2.A space gone over with a rake; also, the work done, or the quantity of hay, grain, etc., collected, by going once over a space with a rake. 1913 Webster]
The arduous task of converting a rakish lover.Macaulay. 1913 Webster]
Rak"ish(r, a.(Naut.)Having a saucy appearance indicative of speed and dash.Ham. Nav. Encyc. 1913 Webster]
Rak"ish*ly(r, adv.In a rakish manner. 1913 Webster]
Rak"ish*ness, n.The quality or state of being rakish. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Ra"ku ware`(r. A kind of earthenware made in Japan, resembling Satsuma ware, but having a paler color. 1913 Webster]
\'d8R\'83le(r, n.[F. r\'83le. Cf. Rail the bird.](Med.)An adventitious sound, usually of morbid origin, accompanying the normal respiratory sounds. See Rhonchus. 1913 Webster]
1913 Webster]
\'d8Ral`len*tan"do(r, a.[It.](Mus.)Slackening; -- a direction to perform a passage with a gradual decrease in time and force; ritardando. 1913 Webster]
Ral"li*ance(r, n.[Cf. OF. raliance. See Rally to reunite.]The act of rallying. 1913 Webster]
Ral"li*er(r, n.One who rallies. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Ral"li\'82s"(r, n. pl.[F., p. p. pl. See Rally, v. t.]A French political group, also known as the Constitutional Right from its position in the Chambers, mainly monarchists who rallied to the support of the Republic in obedience to the encyclical put forth by Pope Leo XIII. in Feb., 1892. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Ral"line(r, a.(Zo\'94l.)Pertaining to the rails. 1913 Webster]
Ral"ly(r, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Rallied(r; p. pr. & vb. n.Rallying.][OF. ralier, F. rallier, fr. L. pref. re- + ad + ligare to bind. See Ra-, and 1st Ally.]To collect, and reduce to order, as troops dispersed or thrown into confusion; to gather again; to reunite. 1913 Webster]
Ral"ly, v. i.1.To come into orderly arrangement; to renew order, or united effort, as troops scattered or put to flight; to assemble; to unite. 1913 Webster]
The Grecians rally, and their powers unite.Dryden. 1913 Webster]
Innumerable parts of matter chanced just then to rally together, and to form themselves into this new world.Tillotson. 1913 Webster]
2.To collect one's vital powers or forces; to regain health or consciousness; to recuperate. 1913 Webster]
3.To recover strength after a decline in prices; -- said of the market, stocks, etc. 1913 Webster]
Ral"ly, n.; pl.Rallies(r.1.The act or process of rallying (in any of the senses of that word). 1913 Webster]
2.A political mass meeting. [Colloq. U. S.] 1913 Webster]
Ral"ly, v. t.[F. railler. See Rail to scoff.]To attack with raillery, either in good humor and pleasantry, or with slight contempt or satire. 1913 Webster]
Honeycomb . . . rallies me upon a country life.Addison. 1913 Webster]
Strephon had long confessed his amorous pain, rallied with disdain.Gay. 1913 Webster]
Syn. -- To banter; ridicule; satirize; deride; mock. 1913 Webster]
Ral"ly(r, v. i.To use pleasantry, or satirical merriment. 1913 Webster]
Ral"ly, n.Good-humored raillery. 1913 Webster]
Ralph(r, n.A name sometimes given to the raven. 1913 Webster]
Ral"ston*ite(r, n.[So named after J. G. Ralston of Norristown, Penn.](Min.)A fluoride of alumina and soda occurring with the Greenland cryolite in octahedral crystals. 1913 Webster]
Ram(r, n.[AS. ramm, ram; akin to OHG. & D. ram, Prov. G. ramm, and perh. to Icel. ramr strong.]1.The male of the sheep and allied animals. In some parts of England a ram is called a tup. 1913 Webster]
2.(Astron.)(a)Aries, the sign of the zodiac which the sun enters about the 21st of March.(b)The constellation Aries, which does not now, as formerly, occupy the sign of the same name. 1913 Webster]
3.An engine of war used for butting or battering. Specifically: (a)In ancient warfare, a long beam suspended by slings in a framework, and used for battering the walls of cities; a battering-ram.(b)A heavy steel or iron beak attached to the prow of a steam war vessel for piercing or cutting down the vessel of an enemy; also, a vessel carrying such a beak. 1913 Webster]
4.A hydraulic ram. See under Hydraulic. 1913 Webster]
5.The weight which strikes the blow, in a pile driver, steam hammer, stamp mill, or the like. 1913 Webster]
6.The plunger of a hydraulic press. 1913 Webster]
Ram's horn. (a)(Fort.)A low semicircular work situated in and commanding a ditch. [Written also ramshorn.]Farrow.(b)(Paleon.)An ammonite. 1913 Webster]
Ram, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Rammed(r; p. pr. & vb. n.Ramming.]1.To butt or strike against; to drive a ram against or through; to thrust or drive with violence; to force in; to drive together; to cram; as, to ram an enemy's vessel; to ram piles, cartridges, etc. 1913 Webster]
[They] rammed me in with foul shirts, and smocks, socks, foul stockings, greasy napkins.Shak. 1913 Webster]
2.To fill or compact by pounding or driving. 1913 Webster]
A ditch . . . was filled with some sound materials, and rammed to make the foundation solid.Arbuthnot. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Ram`a*dan"(r, n.[Ar. rama, or ramaz\'ben, properly, the hot month.][Written also Ramadhan, Ramadzan, and Rhamadan.]1.The ninth Mohammedan month. 1913 Webster]
2.The great annual fast of the Mohammedans, kept during daylight through the ninth month. 1913 Webster]
Ram"age(r, n.[F., fr. L. ramus a branch.]1.Boughs or branches. [Obs.] Crabb. 1913 Webster]
2.Warbling of birds in trees. [Obs.] Drummond. 1913 Webster]
Ra*mage"(r, a.Wild; untamed. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
Ra*ma"gi*ous(r, a.Wild; not tame. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
Now is he tame that was so ramagious.Remedy of Love. 1913 Webster]
Ra"mal(r, a.[L. ramus branch.]Of or pertaining to a ramus, or branch; rameal. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Ra*ma"ya*na(r, n.[Skr. R\'bem\'beya.]The more ancient of the two great epic poems in Sanskrit. The hero and heroine are Rama and his wife Sita. 1913 Webster]
Ram"berge(r, n.[F., fr. rame oar + barge barge.]Formerly, a kind of large war galley. 1913 Webster]
Ram"ble(r, v. i.[imp. & p. p.Rambled(r; p. pr. & vb. n.Rambling(r.][For rammle, fr. Prov. E. rame to roam. Cf. Roam.]1.To walk, ride, or sail, from place to place, without any determinate object in view; to roam carelessly or irregularly; to rove; to wander; as, to ramble about the city; to ramble over the world. 1913 Webster]
He that is at liberty to ramble in perfect darkness, what is his liberty better than if driven up and down as a bubble by the wind?Locke. 1913 Webster]
2.To talk or write in a discursive, aimless way. 1913 Webster]
3.To extend or grow at random.Thomson. 1913 Webster]
Syn. -- To rove; roam; wander; range; stroll. 1913 Webster]
Ram"ble, n.1.A going or moving from place to place without any determinate business or object; an excursion or stroll merely for recreation. 1913 Webster]
Coming home, after a short Christmas ramble.Swift. 1913 Webster]
2.[Cf. Rammel.](Coal Mining)A bed of shale over the seam.Raymond. 1913 Webster]
3.A section of woods suitable for leisurely walking. PJC]
4.a type of dance; as, the Muskrat ramble. PJC]
Ram"bler(r, n.One who rambles; a rover; a wanderer. 1913 Webster]
Ram"bling(r, a.Roving; wandering; discursive; as, a rambling fellow, talk, or building. 1913 Webster]
Ram"bling*ly(r, adv.In a rambling manner. 1913 Webster]
Ram"booze(r, n.A beverage made of wine, ale (or milk), sugar, etc. [Obs.] Blount. 1913 Webster]
Ram*bu"tan(r, n.[Malay ramb, fr. rambut hair of the head.](Bot.)A Malayan fruit produced by the tree Nephelium lappaceum, and closely related to the litchi nut. It is bright red, oval in shape, covered with coarse hairs (whence the name), and contains a pleasant acid pulp. Called also ramboostan. 1913 Webster]
Ra"me*al(r, a.Same as Ramal.Gray. 1913 Webster]
Ra"me*an(r, n.A Ramist.Shipley. 1913 Webster]
Ramed(r, a.Having the frames, stem, and sternpost adjusted; -- said of a ship on the stocks. 1913 Webster]
Ram"ee(r, n.(Bot.)See Ramie. 1913 Webster]
Ram"e*kin(r, n.same as Ramequin. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Ram"ent(r, n.[L. ramenta, pl.]1.A scraping; a shaving. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
2.pl.(Bot.)Ramenta.
\'d8Ra*men"ta(r, n. pl.[L., scrapings.](Bot.)Thin brownish chaffy scales upon the leaves or young shoots of some plants, especially upon the petioles and leaves of ferns.Gray. 1913 Webster]
<-- p. 1187 pr=vmg -->
Ram`en*ta"ceous(r, a.(Bot.)Covered with ramenta. 1913 Webster]
Ra"me*ous(r, a.[L. rameus, from ramus branch, bough.](Bot.)Ramal. 1913 Webster]
Ram"e*quin(r, n.[F.]1.(Cookery)A mixture of cheese, eggs, etc., formed in a mold, or served on bread.[Written also ramekin.] 1913 Webster]
2.The porcelian or earthen mold in which ramequins are baked and served, by extension, any dish so used. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Ram"ie(r, n.[From Malay.](Bot.)The grasscloth plant (B); also, its fiber, which is very fine and exceedingly strong; -- called also China grass, and rhea. See Grass-cloth plant, under Grass. 1913 Webster]
Ram`i*fi*ca"tion(r, n.[Cf. F. ramification. See Ramify.]1.The process of branching, or the development of branches or offshoots from a stem; also, the mode of their arrangement. 1913 Webster]
2.A small branch or offshoot proceeding from a main stock or channel; as, the ramifications of an artery, vein, or nerve. 1913 Webster]
3.A division into principal and subordinate classes, heads, or departments; also, one of the subordinate parts; as, the ramifications of a subject or scheme. 1913 Webster]
4.The production of branchlike figures.Crabb. 1913 Webster]
Ram`i*flo"rous(r, a.[L. ramus branch + flos, floris, flower.](Bot.)Flowering on the branches. 1913 Webster]
Ram"i*form(r, a.[L. ramus branch + -form.](Bot.)Having the form of a branch. 1913 Webster]
Ram"i*fy(r, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Ramified(-f; p. pr. & vb. n.Ramifying(?).][F. ramifier, LL. ramificare, fr. L. ramus a branch + -ficare (in comp.) to make. See -fy.]To divide into branches or subdivisions; as, to ramify an art, subject, scheme. 1913 Webster]
Ram"i*fy, v. i.1.To shoot, or divide, into branches or subdivisions, as the stem of a plant. 1913 Webster]
When they [asparagus plants] . . . begin to ramify.Arbuthnot. 1913 Webster]
2.To be divided or subdivided, as a main subject. 1913 Webster]
Ra"mist(r, n.A follower of Pierre Ram\'82, better known as Ramus, a celebrated French scholar, who was professor of rhetoric and philosophy at Paris in the reign of Henry II., and opposed the Aristotelians. 1913 Webster]
Ram"line(r, n.A line used to get a straight middle line, as on a spar, or from stem to stern in building a vessel. 1913 Webster]
Ram"mel(r, n.Refuse matter. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
Filled with any rubbish, rammel and broken stones.Holland. 1913 Webster]
Ram"mer(r, n.One who, or that which, rams or drives. Specifically: (a)An instrument for driving anything with force; as, a rammer for driving stones or piles, or for beating the earth to more solidity.(b)A rod for forcing down the charge of a gun; a ramrod.(c)(Founding)An implement for pounding the sand of a mold to render it compact. 1913 Webster]
Ram"mish(r, a.Like a ram; hence, rank; lascivious. \'bdTheir savor is so rammish.\'b8 Chaucer. 1913 Webster]
Ram"mish*ness, n.The quality of being rammish. 1913 Webster]
Ram"my(r, a.Like a ram; rammish.Burton. 1913 Webster]
Ram`ol*les"cence(r, n.[F. ramollir to make soft, to soften; pref. re- re- + amollir to soften; a (L. ad) + mollir to soften, L. mollire, fr. mollis soft.]A softening or mollifying. [R.] 1913 Webster]
Ra*moon"(r, n.(Bot.)A small West Indian tree (Trophis Americana) of the Mulberry family, whose leaves and twigs are used as fodder for cattle. 1913 Webster]
Ra*mose"(r, a.[L. ramosus, from ramus a branch.]Branched, as the stem or root of a plant; having lateral divisions; consisting of, or having, branches; full of branches; ramifying; branching; branchy. 1913 Webster]
Ra"mous(r, a.Ramose. 1913 Webster]
Ramp(r, v. i.[imp. & p. p.Ramped(r; p. pr. & vb. n.Ramping.][F. ramper to creep, OF., to climb; of German origin; cf. G. raffen to snatch, LG. & D. rapen. See Rap to snatch, and cf. Romp.] 1913 Webster]
1.To spring; to leap; to bound; to rear; to prance; to become rampant; hence, to frolic; to romp. 1913 Webster]
2.To move by leaps, or as by leaps; hence, to move swiftly or with violence. 1913 Webster]
Their bridles they would champ, ramp.Spenser. 1913 Webster]
3.To climb, as a plant; to creep up. 1913 Webster]
With claspers and tendrils, they [plants] catch hold, . . . and so ramping upon trees, they mount up to a great height.Ray. 1913 Webster]
Ramp, n.1.A leap; a spring; a hostile advance. 1913 Webster]
The bold Ascalonite ramp.Milton. 1913 Webster]
2.A highwayman; a robber. [Prov. Eng.] 1913 Webster]
3.A romping woman; a prostitute. [Obs.] Lyly. 1913 Webster]
4.[F. rampe.](Arch.)(a)Any sloping member, other than a purely constructional one, such as a continuous parapet to a staircase.(b)A short bend, slope, or curve, where a hand rail or cap changes its direction. 1913 Webster]
5.[F. rampe.](Fort.)An inclined plane serving as a communication between different interior levels. 1913 Webster]
Ramp"age(r, n.[See Ramp, v.]Violent or riotous behavior; a state of excitement, passion, or debauchery; as, to be on the rampage. [Prov. or Low] Dickens. 1913 Webster]
Ramp"age, v. i.To leap or prance about, as an animal; to be violent; to rage. [Prov. or Low] 1913 Webster]
Ram*pa"geous(r, a.Characterized by violence and passion; unruly; rampant. [Prov. or Low] 1913 Webster]
In the primitive ages of a rampageous antiquity.Galt. 1913 Webster]
Ram*pal"lian(r, n.[Cf. ramp a prostitute, or rabble.]A mean wretch. [Obs.] Shak. 1913 Webster]
Ramp"an*cy(r, n.The quality or state of being rampant; excessive action or development; exuberance; extravagance. \'bdThey are come to this height and rampancy of vice.\'b8 South. 1913 Webster]
Ramp"ant(r, a.[F., p. pr. of ramper to creep. See Ramp, v.]1.Ramping; leaping; springing; rearing upon the hind legs; hence, raging; furious. 1913 Webster]
The fierce lion in his kind rampant after his prey.Gower. 1913 Webster]
2.Ascending; climbing; rank in growth; exuberant. 1913 Webster]
The rampant stalk is of unusual altitude.I. Taylor. 1913 Webster]
3.(Her.)Rising with fore paws in the air as if attacking; -- said of a beast of prey, especially a lion. The right fore leg and right hind leg should be raised higher than the left. 1913 Webster]
Rampant arch. (a)An arch which has one abutment higher than the other. (b)Same as Rampant vault, below. --
Rampant gardant(Her.), rampant, but with the face turned to the front. --
Rampant regardant, rampant, but looking backward. --
Rampant vault(Arch.), a continuous wagon vault, or cradle vault, whose two abutments are located on an inclined plane, such as the vault supporting a stairway, or forming the ceiling of a stairway. 1913 Webster]
Ramp"ant*ly, adv.In a rampant manner. 1913 Webster]
Ram"part(r, n.[F. rempart, OF. rempar, fr. remparer to fortify, se remparer to fence or intrench one's self; pref. re- re- + pref. en- (L. in) + parer to defend, parry, prepare, L. parare to prepare. See Pare.] 1913 Webster]
1.That which fortifies and defends from assault; that which secures safety; a defense or bulwark. 1913 Webster]
2.(Fort.)A broad embankment of earth round a place, upon which the parapet is raised. It forms the substratum of every permanent fortification.Mahan. 1913 Webster]
Syn. -- Bulwark; fence; security; guard. -- Rampart, Bulwark. These words were formerly interchanged; but in modern usage a distinction has sprung up between them. The rampart of a fortified place is the enceinte or entire main embankment or wall which surrounds it. The term bulwark is now applied to peculiarly strong outworks which project for the defense of the rampart, or main work. A single bastion is a bulwark. In using these words figuratively, rampart is properly applied to that which protects by walling out; bulwark to that which stands in the forefront of danger, to meet and repel it. Hence, we speak of a distinguished individual as the bulwark, not the rampart, of the state. This distinction, however, is often disregarded. 1913 Webster]
Ram"part, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Ramparted; p. pr. & vb. n.Ramparting.]To surround or protect with, or as with, a rampart or ramparts. 1913 Webster]
Those grassy hills, those glittering dells, ramparted with rocks.Coleridge. 1913 Webster]
Rampart gun(Fort.), a cannon or large gun for use on a rampart and not as a fieldpiece. 1913 Webster]
Rampe(r, n.[In allusion to its supposed aphrodisiac qualities. See Ramp.](Bot.)The cuckoopint. 1913 Webster]
Ram"pier(r, n.See Rampart. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
Ram"pi*on(r, n.[Cf. F. raiponce, Sp. ruiponce, reponche, L. raperonzo, NL. rapuntium, fr. L. rapum, rapa, a turnip, rape. Cf. Rape a plant.](Bot.)A plant (Campanula Rapunculus) of the Bellflower family, with a tuberous esculent root; -- also called ramps. 1913 Webster]
Phyteuma, herbs of the Bellflower family, and to the American evening primrose (), which has run wild in some parts of Europe. 1913 Webster]
Ram"pire(r, n.A rampart. [Archaic] 1913 Webster]
The Trojans round the place a rampire cast.Dryden. 1913 Webster]
Ram"pire, v. t.To fortify with a rampire; to form into a rampire. [Archaic] Chapman. \'bdRampired walls of gold.\'b8 R. Browning. 1913 Webster]
Ram"rod`(r, n.The rod used in ramming home the charge in a muzzle-loading firearm. 1913 Webster]
Ram"shac*kle(r, a.[Etymol. uncertain.]Loose; disjointed; falling to pieces; out of repair. 1913 Webster]
There came . . . my lord the cardinal, in his ramshackle coach.Thackeray. 1913 Webster]
Ram"shac*kle, v. t.To search or ransack; to rummage. [Prov. Eng.] 1913 Webster]
Ram"son(r, n.[AS. hramsan, pl., akin to G. rams, Sw. rams, ramsl\'94k; cf. Gr. kro`myon onion.](Bot.)A broad-leaved species of garlic (Allium ursinum), common in European gardens; -- called also buckram. 1913 Webster]
Ram"sted(r, n.(Bot.)A yellow-flowered weed; -- so named from a Mr. Ramsted who introduced it into Pennsylvania. See Toad flax. Called also Ramsted weed. 1913 Webster]
rRam"til(r, n.[Bengali ram-til.]A tropical African asteraceous shrub (Guizotia abyssinica) cultivated for its seeds (called ramtil seedsorniger seeds) which yield a valuable oil used for food and as an illuminant. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Ram"u*lose`(r, a.[L. ramulosus, fr. ramulus, dim. of ramus a branch.](Nat. Hist.)Having many small branches, or ramuli. 1913 Webster]
Ran, n.(Naut.)Yarns coiled on a spun-yarn winch. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Ra"na(r, n.[L., a frog.](Zo\'94l.)A genus of anurous batrachians, including the common frogs. 1913 Webster]
Ra"nal(r, a.(Bot.)Having a general affinity to ranunculaceous plants. 1913 Webster]
Ranal alliance(Bot.), a name proposed by Lindley for a group of natural orders, including Ranunculace\'91, Magnoliace\'91, Papaverace\'91, and others related to them. 1913 Webster]
Rance(r, n.[Etymol. uncertain.]1.A prop or shore. [Scot.] 1913 Webster]
2.A round between the legs of a chair; also called a spreader. 1913 Webster]
Ran*ces"cent(r, a.[L. rancescens, p. pr. of rancescere, v. incho. from rancere to be rancid.]Becoming rancid or sour. 1913 Webster]
Ranch(r, v. t.[Written also raunch.][Cf. Wrench.]To wrench; to tear; to sprain; to injure by violent straining or contortion. [R.] Dryden. \'bdHasting to raunch the arrow out.\'b8 Spenser. 1913 Webster]
Ranch, n.[See Rancho.]A tract of land used for grazing and the rearing of horses, cattle, or sheep. See Rancho, 2. [Western U. S.] 1913 Webster]
\'d8Ran`che*ri"a(r, n.[Sp. rancheria.]1.A dwelling place of a ranchero. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
2.A small settlement or collection of ranchos, or rude huts, esp. for Indians. [Sp. Amer. & Southwestern U. S.] Webster 1913 Suppl.]
3.Formerly, in the Philippines, a political division of the pagan tribes. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
\'d8Ran*che"ro(r, n.; pl.Rancheros(r.[Sp.] [Mexico & Western U. S.] 1.A herdsman; a peasant employed on a ranch or rancho. 1913 Webster]
2.The owner and occupant of a ranch or rancho. 1913 Webster]
Ranch"man(r, n.; pl.Ranchmen(r.An owner or occupant of, or laborer on, a ranch; a herdsman. [Western U. S.] 1913 Webster]
\'d8Ran"cho(r, n.; pl.Ranchos(r.[Sp., properly, a mess, mess room. Cf. 2d Ranch.]1.A rude hut, as of posts, covered with branches or thatch, where herdsmen or farm laborers may live or lodge at night. 1913 Webster]
2.A large grazing farm where horses and cattle are raised; -- distinguished from hacienda, a cultivated farm or plantation. [Mexico & California] Bartlett. 1913 Webster]
Ran"cid(r, a.[L. rancidus, fr. rancere to be rancid or rank.]Having a rank smell or taste, from chemical change or decomposition; musty; as, rancid oil or butter. 1913 Webster]
Ran*cid"i*ty(r, n.[Cf. F. rancidit\'82.]The quality or state of being rancid; a rancid scent or flavor, as of old oil.Ure. 1913 Webster]
Ran"cid*ly(r, adv.In a rancid manner. 1913 Webster]
Ran"cid*ness, n.The quality of being rancid. 1913 Webster]
Ran"cor(r, n.[Written also rancour.][OE. rancour, OF. rancor, rancur, F. rancune, fr. L. rancor rancidity, rankness; tropically, an old grudge, rancor, fr. rancere to be rank or rancid.]The deepest malignity or spite; deep-seated enmity or malice; inveterate hatred. \'bdTo stint rancour and dissencioun.\'b8 Chaucer. 1913 Webster]
It would not be easy to conceive the passion, rancor, and malice of their tongues and hearts.Burke. 1913 Webster]
Syn. -- Enmity; hatred; ill will; malice; spite; grudge; animosity; malignity. -- Rancor, Enmity. Enmity and rancor both describe hostile feelings; but enmity may be generous and open, while rancor implies personal malice of the worst and most enduring nature, and is the strongest word in our language to express hostile feelings. 1913 Webster]
Rancor will out; proud prelate, in thy face Shak. 1913 Webster]
Rancor is that degree of malice which preys upon the possessor.Cogan. 1913 Webster]
Ran"cor*ous(r, a.[OF. rancuros.]Full of rancor; evincing, or caused by, rancor; deeply malignant; implacably spiteful or malicious; intensely virulent. 1913 Webster]
So flamed his eyes with rage and rancorous ire.Spenser. 1913 Webster]
Ran"cor*ous*ly, adv.In a rancorous manner. 1913 Webster]
Rand(r, n.[AS. rand, rond; akin to D., Dan., Sw., & G. rand, Icel. r\'94nd, and probably to E. rind.]1.A border; edge; margin. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] 1913 Webster]
2.A long, fleshy piece, as of beef, cut from the flank or leg; a sort of steak.Beau. & Fl. 1913 Webster]
3.A thin inner sole for a shoe; also, a leveling slip of leather applied to the sole before attaching the heel. 1913 Webster]
2.The monetary unit of the Union of South Africa. PJC]
The Rand, a rocky gold-bearing ridge in South Africa, about thirty miles long, on which Johannesburg is situated; also, the gold-mining district including this ridge. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Rand, v. i.[See Rant.]To rant; to storm. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
I wept, . . . and raved, and randed, and railed.J. Webster. 1913 Webster]
R and D(, n.[research anddevelopment.]research and development; -- used mostly to refer to the division of a corporation responsible for performing research and developing new products; -- a commonly used abbreviation. Syn. -- R&D.
[PJC]
Ran"dall grass`(r. (Bot.)The meadow fescue (Festuca elatior). See under Grass. 1913 Webster]
Ran"dan(r, n.The product of a second sifting of meal; the finest part of the bran. [Prov. Eng.] 1913 Webster]
Ran"dan, n.A boat propelled by three rowers with four oars, the middle rower pulling two. 1913 Webster]
Rand"ing(r, n.1.(Shoemaking)The act or process of making and applying rands for shoes. 1913 Webster]
2.(Mil.)A kind of basket work used in gabions. 1913 Webster]
Ran"dom(r, n.[OE. randon, OF. randon force, violence, rapidity, randon, de randon, violently, suddenly, rapidly, prob. of German origin; cf. G. rand edge, border, OHG. rant shield, edge of a shield, akin to E. rand, n. See Rand, n.]1.Force; violence. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
For courageously the two kings newly fought with great random and force.E. Hall. 1913 Webster]
2.A roving motion; course without definite direction; want of direction, rule, or method; hazard; chance; -- commonly used in the phrase at random, that is, without a settled point of direction; at hazard. 1913 Webster]
Counsels, when they fly At random, sometimes hit most happily.Herrick. 1913 Webster]
O, many a shaft, at random sent, Sir W. Scott. 1913 Webster]
3.Distance to which a missile is cast; range; reach; as, the random of a rifle ball.Sir K. Digby. 1913 Webster]
4.(Mining)The direction of a rake-vein.Raymond. 1913 Webster]
Ran"dom, a.1.Going at random or by chance; done or made at hazard, or without settled direction, aim, or purpose; hazarded without previous calculation; left to chance; haphazard; as, a random guess. 1913 Webster]
Some random truths he can impart.Wordsworth. 1913 Webster]
So sharp a spur to the lazy, and so strong a bridle to the random.H. Spencer. 1913 Webster]
2.(Statistics)of, pertaining to, or resulting from a process of selection from a starting set of items, in which the probability of selecting any one object in the starting set is equal to the probability of selecting any other. PJC]
3.(Construction)of unequal size or shape; made from components of unequal size or shape. PJC]
at randomin a manner so that all possible results have an equal probability of occurrence; for processes, each possible result is counted separately although the same type of result may occur more than once . --
Random courses(Masonry), courses of stone of unequal thickness. --
Random shot, a shot not directed or aimed toward any particular object, or a shot with the muzzle of the gun much elevated. --
Random work(Masonry), stonework consisting of stones of unequal sizes fitted together, but not in courses nor always with flat beds. 1913 Webster]
<-- p. 1188 pr=vmg -->
Ran"dom*ize, v. t.to arrange or rearrange so that there is no predetermined order; to select by a random process; to assign (members of a group) into subgroups by a random process. PJC]
Ran"dom*ly(r, adv.In a random manner. 1913 Webster]
Ran"force`(r, n.[Cf. F. renforcer.]See Re. [Obs.] Bailey. 1913 Webster]
Rang(r, imp. of Ring, v. t. & i. 1913 Webster]
Range(r, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Ranged(r; p. pr. & vb. n.Ranging(r.][OE. rengen, OF. rengier, F. ranger, OF. renc row, rank, F. rang; of German origin. See Rank, n.]1.To set in a row, or in rows; to place in a regular line or lines, or in ranks; to dispose in the proper order; to rank; as, to range soldiers in line. 1913 Webster]
Maccabeus ranged his army by bands.2 Macc. xii. 20. 1913 Webster]
2.To place (as a single individual) among others in a line, row, or order, as in the ranks of an army; -- usually, reflexively and figuratively, (in the sense) to espouse a cause, to join a party, etc. 1913 Webster]
It would be absurd in me to range myself on the side of the Duke of Bedford and the corresponding society.Burke. 1913 Webster]
3.To separate into parts; to sift. [Obs.] Holland. 1913 Webster]
4.To dispose in a classified or in systematic order; to arrange regularly; as, to range plants and animals in genera and species. 1913 Webster]
5.To rove over or through; as, to range the fields. 1913 Webster]
Teach him to range the ditch, and force the brake.Gay. 1913 Webster]
6.To sail or pass in a direction parallel to or near; as, to range the coast. 1913 Webster]
ranger une c\'93te. 1913 Webster]
7.(Biol.)To be native to, or to live in; to frequent. 1913 Webster]
Range, v. i.1.To rove at large; to wander without restraint or direction; to roam. 1913 Webster]
Like a ranging spaniel that barks at every bird he sees.Burton. 1913 Webster]
2.To have range; to change or differ within limits; to be capable of projecting, or to admit of being projected, especially as to horizontal distance; as, the temperature ranged through seventy degrees Fahrenheit; the gun ranges three miles; the shot ranged four miles. 1913 Webster]
3.To be placed in order; to be ranked; to admit of arrangement or classification; to rank. 1913 Webster]
And range with humble livers in content.Shak. 1913 Webster]
4.To have a certain direction; to correspond in direction; to be or keep in a corresponding line; to trend or run; -- often followed by with; as, the front of a house ranges with the street; to range along the coast. 1913 Webster]
Which way the forests range.Dryden. 1913 Webster]
5.(Biol.)To be native to, or live in, a certain district or region; as, the peba ranges from Texas to Paraguay. 1913 Webster]
Syn. -- To rove; roam; ramble; wander; stroll. 1913 Webster]
Range, n.[From Range, v.: cf. F. rang\'82e.]1.A series of things in a line; a row; a rank; as, a range of buildings; a range of mountains. 1913 Webster]
2.An aggregate of individuals in one rank or degree; an order; a class. 1913 Webster]
The next range of beings above him are the immaterial intelligences.Sir M. Hale. 1913 Webster]
3.The step of a ladder; a rung.Clarendon. 1913 Webster]
4.A kitchen grate. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
He was bid at his first coming to take off the range, and let down the cinders.L'Estrange. 1913 Webster]
5.An extended cooking apparatus of cast iron, set in brickwork, and affording conveniences for various ways of cooking; also, a kind of cooking stove. 1913 Webster]
6.A bolting sieve to sift meal. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] 1913 Webster]
7.A wandering or roving; a going to and fro; an excursion; a ramble; an expedition. 1913 Webster]
He may take a range all the world over.South. 1913 Webster]
8.That which may be ranged over; place or room for excursion; especially, a region of country in which cattle or sheep may wander and pasture. 1913 Webster]
9.Extent or space taken in by anything excursive; compass or extent of excursion; reach; scope; discursive power; as, the range of one's voice, or authority. 1913 Webster]
Far as creation's ample range extends.Pope. 1913 Webster]
The range and compass of Hammond's knowledge filled the whole circle of the arts.Bp. Fell. 1913 Webster]
A man has not enough range of thought.Addison. 1913 Webster]
10.(Biol.)The region within which a plant or animal naturally lives. 1913 Webster]
11.(Gun.)(a)The horizontal distance to which a shot or other projectile is carried.(b)Sometimes, less properly, the trajectory of a shot or projectile.(c)A place where shooting, as with cannons or rifles, is practiced. 1913 Webster]
12.In the public land system of the United States, a row or line of townships lying between two successive meridian lines six miles apart. 1913 Webster]
range 7, W., from the fifth principal meridian. 1913 Webster]
13.(Naut.)See Range of cable, below. 1913 Webster]
Range of accommodation(Optics), the distance between the near point and the far point of distinct vision, -- usually measured and designated by the strength of the lens which if added to the refracting media of the eye would cause the rays from the near point to appear as if they came from the far point. --
Range finder(Gunnery), an instrument, or apparatus, variously constructed, for ascertaining the distance of an inaccessible object, -- used to determine what elevation must be given to a gun in order to hit the object; a position finder. --
Range of cable(Naut.), a certain length of slack cable ranged along the deck preparatory to letting go the anchor. --
Range work(Masonry), masonry of squared stones laid in courses each of which is of even height throughout the length of the wall; -- distinguished from broken range work, which consists of squared stones laid in courses not continuously of even height. --
To get the range of (an object) (Gun.), to find the angle at which the piece must be raised to reach (the object) without carrying beyond. 1913 Webster]
Range"ment(r, n.[Cf. F. rangement.]Arrangement. [Obs.] Waterland. 1913 Webster]
Ran"ger(r, n.1.One who ranges; a rover; sometimes, one who ranges for plunder; a roving robber. 1913 Webster]
2.That which separates or arranges; specifically, a sieve. [Obs.] \'bdThe tamis ranger.\'b8 Holland. 1913 Webster]
3.A dog that beats the ground in search of game. 1913 Webster]
4.One of a body of mounted troops, formerly armed with short muskets, who range over the country, and often fight on foot. 1913 Webster]
5.The keeper of a public park or forest; formerly, a sworn officer of a forest, appointed by the king's letters patent, whose business was to walk through the forest, recover beasts that had strayed beyond its limits, watch the deer, present trespasses to the next court held for the forest, etc. [Eng.] Rangers in U.S. national parks and national monuments perform a similar function. 1913 Webster +PJC]
Ran"ger*ship, n.The office of the keeper of a forest or park. [Eng.] 1913 Webster]
Ran"gle(r, v. i.To range about in an irregular manner. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Halliwell. 1913 Webster]
Ran"gy(r, a.[From Range, v. i.]Inclined or able to range, or rove about, for considerable distances; apt or suited for much roving, -- chiefly used of cattle. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
\'d8Ra"ni(r, n.[Hind. r\'ben\'c6, Skr. r\'bejn\'c6. See Rajah.]A queen or princess; the wife of a rajah.[Written also ranee.] [India] 1913 Webster]
Ra"nine(r, a.[L. rana a frog.]1.(Zo\'94l.)Of or pertaining to the frogs and toads. 1913 Webster]
2.(Anat.)Pertaining to, or designating, a swelling under the tongue; also, pertaining to the region where the swelling occurs; -- applied especially to branches of the lingual artery and lingual vein. 1913 Webster]
Rank(r, a.[Compar.Ranker(r; superl.Rankest.][AS. ranc strong, proud; cf. D. rank slender, Dan. rank upright, erect, Prov. G. rank slender, Icel. rakkr slender, bold. The meaning seems to have been influenced by L. rancidus, E. rancid.]1.Luxuriant in growth; of vigorous growth; exuberant; grown to immoderate height; as, rank grass; rank weeds. 1913 Webster]
And, behold, seven ears of corn came up upon one stalk, rank and good.Gen. xli. 5. 1913 Webster]
2.Raised to a high degree; violent; extreme; gross; utter; as, rank heresy. \'bdRank nonsense.\'b8 Hare. \'bdI do forgive thy rankest fault.\'b8 Shak. 1913 Webster]
3.Causing vigorous growth; producing luxuriantly; very rich and fertile; as, rank land.Mortimer. 1913 Webster]
4.Strong-scented; rancid; musty; as, oil of a rank smell; rank-smelling rue.Spenser. 1913 Webster]
5.Strong to the taste. \'bdDivers sea fowls taste rank of the fish on which they feed.\'b8 Boyle. 1913 Webster]
6.Inflamed with venereal appetite. [Obs.] Shak. 1913 Webster]
Rank modus(Law), an excessive and unreasonable modus. See Modus, 3. --
To set (the iron of a plane, etc.)
rank, to set so as to take off a thick shaving.Moxon. 1913 Webster]
That rides so rank and bends his lance so fell.Fairfax. 1913 Webster]
Rank, n.[OE. renk, reng, OF. renc, F. rang, fr. OHG. hring a circle, a circular row, G. ring. See Ring, and cf. Range, n. & v.]1.A row or line; a range; an order; a tier; as, a rank of osiers. 1913 Webster]
Many a mountain nigh ranks, and loftier still.Byron. 1913 Webster]
2.(Mil.)A line of soldiers ranged side by side; -- opposed to file. See 1st File, 1 (a). 1913 Webster]
Fierce, fiery warriors fought upon the clouds, ranks and squadrons and right form of war.Shak. 1913 Webster]
3.Grade of official standing, as in the army, navy, or nobility; as, the rank of general; the rank of admiral. 1913 Webster]
4.An aggregate of individuals classed together; a permanent social class; an order; a division; as, ranks and orders of men; the highest and the lowest ranks of men, or of other intelligent beings. 1913 Webster]
5.Degree of dignity, eminence, or excellence; position in civil or social life; station; degree; grade; as, a writer of the first rank; a lawyer of high rank. 1913 Webster]
These all are virtues of a meaner rank.Addison. 1913 Webster]
6.Elevated grade or standing; high degree; high social position; distinction; eminence; as, a man of rank. 1913 Webster]
Rank and file. (a)(Mil.)The whole body of common soldiers, including also corporals. In a more extended sense, it includes sergeants also, excepting the noncommissioned staff.<-- analogously, the lowest ranking members of any organization --> (b)See under 1st File. --
The ranks, the order or grade of common soldiers; as, to reduce a noncommissioned officer to the ranks. --
To fill the ranks, to supply the whole number, or a competent number. --
To take rank of, to have precedence over, or to have the right of taking a higher place than.<--
pull rank, to insist on one's own prerogative or plan of action, by right of a higher rank than that of one suggesting a different plan --> 1913 Webster]
Rank, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Ranked(r; p. pr. & vb. n.Ranking.]1.To place abreast, or in a line. 1913 Webster]
2.To range in a particular class, order, or division; to class; also, to dispose methodically; to place in suitable classes or order; to classify. 1913 Webster]
Ranking all things under general and special heads.I. Watts. 1913 Webster]
Poets were ranked in the class of philosophers.Broome. 1913 Webster]
Heresy is ranked with idolatry and witchcraft.Dr. H. More. 1913 Webster]
3.To take rank of; to outrank. [U.S.] 1913 Webster]
Rank, v. i.1.To be ranged; to be set or disposed, as in a particular degree, class, order, or division. 1913 Webster]
Let that one article rank with the rest.Shak. 1913 Webster]
2.To have a certain grade or degree of elevation in the orders of civil or military life; to have a certain degree of esteem or consideration; as, he ranks with the first class of poets; he ranks high in public estimation. 1913 Webster]
Rank"er(r, n.One who ranks, or disposes in ranks; one who arranges. 1913 Webster]
Ran"kle(r, v. i.[imp. & p. p.Rankled(-k'ld); p. pr. & vb. n.Rankling(-kl.][From Rank, a.]1.To become, or be, rank; to grow rank or strong; to be inflamed; to fester; -- used literally and figuratively. 1913 Webster]
A malady that burns and rankles inward.Rowe. 1913 Webster]
This would have left a rankling wound in the hearts of the people.Burke. 1913 Webster]
2.To produce a festering or inflamed effect; to cause a sore; -- used literally and figuratively; as, a splinter rankles in the flesh; the words rankled in his bosom. 1913 Webster]
Ran"kle(r, v. t.To cause to fester; to make sore; to inflame. [R.] Beau. & Fl. 1913 Webster]
Rank"ness, n.[AS. rancness pride.]The condition or quality of being rank. 1913 Webster]
Ran"nel(r, n.A prostitute. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
Ran"ny(r, n.[L. araneus mus, a kind of small mouse.](Zo\'94l.)The erd shrew. [Scot.] 1913 Webster]
Ran"sack(r, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Ransacked(-s; p. pr. & vb. n.Ransacking.][OE. ransaken, Icel. rannsaka to explore, examine; rann a house (akin to Goth. razn house, AS. r\'91sn plank, beam) + the root of s\'91kja to seek, akin to E. seek. See Seek, and cf. Rest repose.]1.To search thoroughly; to search every place or part of; as, to ransack a house. 1913 Webster]
To ransack every corner of their . . . hearts.South. 1913 Webster]
2.To plunder; to pillage completely. 1913 Webster]
Their vow is made ransack Troy.Shak. 1913 Webster]
3.To violate; to ravish; to defiour. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
Rich spoil of ransacked chastity.Spenser. 1913 Webster]
Ran"sack, v. i.To make a thorough search. 1913 Webster]
To ransack in the tas [heap] of bodies dead.Chaucer. 1913 Webster]
Ran"sack, n.The act of ransacking, or state of being ransacked; pillage. [R.] 1913 Webster]
Even your father's house ransack.J. Webster. 1913 Webster]
Ran"som(r, n.[OE. raunson, raunsoun, OF. ran, raen, raan, F. ran, fr. L. redemptio, fr. redimere to redeem. See Redeem, and cf. Redemption.]1.The release of a captive, or of captured property, by payment of a consideration; redemption; as, prisoners hopeless of ransom.Dryden. 1913 Webster]
2.The money or price paid for the redemption of a prisoner, or for goods captured by an enemy; payment for freedom from restraint, penalty, or forfeit. 1913 Webster]
Thy ransom paid, which man from death redeems.Milton. 1913 Webster]
His captivity in Austria, and the heavy ransom he paid for his liberty.Sir J. Davies. 1913 Webster]
3.(O. Eng. Law)A sum paid for the pardon of some great offense and the discharge of the offender; also, a fine paid in lieu of corporal punishment.Blackstone. 1913 Webster]
Ransom bill(Law), a war contract, valid by the law of nations, for the ransom of property captured at sea and its safe conduct into port.Kent. 1913 Webster]
Ran"som, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Ransomed(-s; p. pr. & vb. n.Ransoming.][Cf. F. ran. See Ransom, n.]1.To redeem from captivity, servitude, punishment, or forfeit, by paying a price; to buy out of servitude or penalty; to rescue; to deliver; as, to ransom prisoners from an enemy. 1913 Webster]
2.To exact a ransom for, or a payment on. [R.] 1913 Webster]
Such lands as he had rule of he ransomed them so grievously, and would tax the men two or three times in a year.Berners. 1913 Webster]
Ran"som*a*ble(-, a.Such as can be ransomed. 1913 Webster]
Ran"som*er(-, n.One who ransoms or redeems. 1913 Webster]
Ran"som*less, a.Incapable of being ransomed; without ransom.Shak. 1913 Webster]
Rant(r, v. i.[imp. & p. p.Ranted; p. pr. & vb. n.Ranting.][OD. ranten, randen, to dote, to be enraged.]To rave in violent, high-sounding, or extravagant language, without dignity of thought; to be noisy, boisterous, and bombastic in talk or declamation; as, a ranting preacher. 1913 Webster]
Look where my ranting host of the Garter comes!Shak. 1913 Webster]
Rant, n.High-sounding language, without importance or dignity of thought; boisterous, empty declamation; bombast; as, the rant of fanatics. 1913 Webster]
This is a stoical rant, without any foundation in the nature of man or reason of things.Atterbury. 1913 Webster]
Rant"er(r, n.1.A noisy talker; a raving declaimer. 1913 Webster]
2.(Eccl. Hist.)(a)One of a religious sect which sprung up in 1645; -- called also Seekers. See Seeker.(b)One of the Primitive Methodists, who seceded from the Wesleyan Methodists on the ground of their deficiency in fervor and zeal; -- so called in contempt. 1913 Webster]
Rant"er*ism(r, n.(Eccl. Hist.)The practice or tenets of the Ranters. 1913 Webster]
Rant"ing*ly, adv.In a ranting manner. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Ran"u*la(r, n.[L., a little frog, a little swelling on the tongue of cattle, dim. of rana a frog.](Med.)A cyst formed under the tongue by obstruction of the duct of the submaxillary gland. 1913 Webster]
Ra*nun`cu*la"ceous(r, a.[See Ranunculus.](Bot.)Of or pertaining to a natural order of plants (Ranunculace\'91), of which the buttercup is the type, and which includes also the virgin's bower, the monkshood, larkspur, anemone, meadow rue, and peony. 1913 Webster]
Ra*nun"cu*lus(r, n.; pl. E. Ranunculuses(r, L. Ranunculi(-l.[L., a little frog, a medicinal plant, perhaps crowfoot, dim. of rana a frog; cf. raccare to roar.](Bot.)A genus of herbs, mostly with yellow flowers, including crowfoot, buttercups, and the cultivated ranunculi (Ranunculus Asiaticus, Ranunculus aconitifolius, etc.) in which the flowers are double and of various colors. 1913 Webster]
<-- p. 1189 pr=vmg -->
\'d8Ranz" des` vaches"(r. [F., the ranks or rows of cows, the name being given from the fact that the cattle, when answering the musical call of their keeper, move towards him in a row, preceded by those wearing bells.]The name for numerous simple, but very irregular, melodies of the Swiss mountaineers, blown on a long tube called the Alpine horn, and sometimes sung. 1913 Webster]
Rap(r, n.[Etymol. uncertain.]A lay or skein containing 120 yards of yarn.Knight. 1913 Webster]
Rap, v. i.[imp. & p. p.Rapped(r; p. pr. & vb. n.Rapping.][Akin to Sw. rappa to strike, rapp stroke, Dan. rap, perhaps of imitative origin.]To strike with a quick, sharp blow; to knock; as, to rap on the door. 1913 Webster]
Rap, v. t.1.To strike with a quick blow; to knock on. 1913 Webster]
With one great peal they rap the door.Prior. 1913 Webster]
2.(Founding)To free (a pattern) in a mold by light blows on the pattern, so as to facilitate its removal. 1913 Webster]
Rap, n.A quick, smart blow; a knock. 1913 Webster]
Rap, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Rapped(r, usually written Rapt; p. pr. & vb. n.Rapping.][OE. rapen; akin to LG. & D. rapen to snatch, G. raffen, Sw. rappa; cf. Dan. rappe sig to make haste, and Icel. hrapa to fall, to rush, hurry. The word has been confused with L. rapere to seize. Cf. Rape robbery, Rapture, Raff, v., Ramp, v.]1.To snatch away; to seize and hurry off. 1913 Webster]
And through the Greeks and Ilians they rapt Chapman. 1913 Webster]
From Oxford I was rapt by my nephew, Sir Edmund Bacon, to Redgrove.Sir H. Wotton. 1913 Webster]
2.To hasten. [Obs.] Piers Plowman. 1913 Webster]
3.To seize and bear away, as the mind or thoughts; to transport out of one's self; to affect with ecstasy or rapture; as, rapt into admiration. 1913 Webster]
I'm rapt with joy to see my Marcia's tears.Addison. 1913 Webster]
Rapt into future times, the bard begun.Pope. 1913 Webster]
4.To exchange; to truck. [Obs. & Low] 1913 Webster]
5.To engage in a discussion, converse. PJC]
6.(ca. 1985)to perform a type of rhythmic talking, often with accompanying rhythm instruments. It is considered by some as a type of music; see rap music. PJC]
To rap and ren,
To rap and rend. [Perhaps fr. Icel. hrapa to hurry and r\'91na plunder, fr. r\'ben plunder, E. ran.]To seize and plunder; to snatch by violence.Dryden. \'bd[Ye] waste all that ye may rape and renne.\'b8 Chaucer. 1913 Webster]
All they could rap and rend and pilfer.Hudibras. 1913 Webster]
--
To rap out, to utter with sudden violence, as an oath. 1913 Webster]
A judge who rapped out a great oath.Addison. 1913 Webster]
Rap, n.[Perhaps contr. fr. raparee.]A popular name for any of the tokens that passed current for a half-penny in Ireland in the early part of the eighteenth century; any coin of trifling value. 1913 Webster]
Many counterfeits passed about under the name of raps.Swift. 1913 Webster]
Tie it [her money] up so tight that you can't touch a rap, save with her consent.Mrs. Alexander. 1913 Webster]
Not to care a rap, to care nothing. --
Not worth a rap, worth nothing. 1913 Webster]
Rap, n.1.conversation; also, rapping. PJC]
2.(ca. 1985)a type of rhythmic talking, often with accompanying rhythm instruments; rap music. PJC]
\'d8Ra*pa"ces(r, n. pl.[NL. See Rapacious.](Zo\'94l.)Same as Accipitres. 1913 Webster]
Ra*pa"cious(r, a.[L. rapax, -acis, from rapere to seize and carry off, to snatch away. See Rapid.] 1913 Webster]
1.Given to plunder; disposed or accustomed to seize by violence; seizing by force. \'bd The downfall of the rapacious and licentious Knights Templar.\'b8 Motley. 1913 Webster]
2.Accustomed to seize food; subsisting on prey, or animals seized by violence; as, a tiger is a rapacious animal; a rapacious bird. 1913 Webster]
-- Ra*pa"cious*ly, adv. -- Ra*pa"cious*ness, n. 1913 Webster]
Ra*pac"i*ty(r, n.[L. rapacitas: cf. F. rapacit\'82. See Rapacious.]1.The quality of being rapacious; rapaciousness; ravenousness; as, the rapacity of pirates; the rapacity of wolves. 1913 Webster]
2.The act or practice of extorting or exacting by oppressive injustice; exorbitant greediness of gain. \'bdThe rapacity of some ages.\'b8 Sprat. 1913 Webster]
Rap`a*ree"(r, n.See Rapparee. 1913 Webster]
Rape(r, n.[F. r\'83pe a grape stalk.]1.Fruit, as grapes, plucked from the cluster.Ray. 1913 Webster]
2.The refuse stems and skins of grapes or raisins from which the must has been expressed in wine making. 1913 Webster]
3.A filter containing the above refuse, used in clarifying and perfecting malt, vinegar, etc. 1913 Webster]
Rape wine, a poor, thin wine made from the last dregs of pressed grapes. 1913 Webster]
Rape, n.[Akin to rap to snatch, but confused with L. rapere. See Rap to snatch.]1.The act of seizing and carrying away by force; violent seizure; robbery.<-- [Rare] --> 1913 Webster]
And ruined orphans of thy rapes complain.Sandys. 1913 Webster]
2.(Law)Sexual connection with a woman without her consent. See Age of consent, under Consent, n.
<-- (b) Any sexual intercourse forced on a person, whether male or female (also called forcible rape, or sexual assault, and sometimes, as a euphemism, criminal assault); Any sexual intercourse performed with a person who is under the age of consent, whether male or female, is statutory rape. --> 1913 Webster]
3.That which is snatched away. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
Where now are all my hopes? O, never more rapes restore.Sandys. 1913 Webster]
4.Movement, as in snatching; haste; hurry. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
5. (Fig., Colloq.) An action causing results harmful to a person or thing; as, the rape of the land by mining companies. PJC]
Rape, v. t.1.To commit rape upon; to ravish. 1913 Webster]
2. (Fig., Colloq.) To perform an action causing results harmful or very unpleasant to a person or thing; as, women raped first by their assailants, and then by the Justice system. Corresponds to 2nd rape, n. 5. PJC]
To rape and ren. See under Rap, v. t., to snatch. 1913 Webster]
Rape, v. i.To rob; to pillage. [Obs.] Heywood. 1913 Webster]
Rape, n.[Icel. hreppr village, district; cf. Icel. hreppa to catch, obtain, AS. hrepian, hreppan, to touch.]One of six divisions of the county of Sussex, England, intermediate between a hundred and a shire. 1913 Webster]
Rape, n.[L. rapa, rapum, akin to Gr. "ra`pys, "ra`fys, G. r\'81be.](Bot.)A name given to a variety or to varieties of a plant of the turnip kind, grown for seeds and herbage. The seeds are used for the production of rape oil, and to a limited extent for the food of cage birds. 1913 Webster]
Brassica campestris of Europe, which by some is not considered distinct from the wild stock (Brassica oleracea) of the cabbage. See Cole. 1913 Webster]
Broom rape. (Bot.)See Broom rape, in the Vocabulary. --
Rape cake, the refuse remaining after the oil has been expressed from the rape seed. --
Rape root. Same as Rape. --
Summer rape. (Bot.)See Colza. 1913 Webster]
Rape"ful(r, a.1.Violent. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
2.Given to the commission of rape.Byron. 1913 Webster]
Rap"ful*ly(r, adv.Violently. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
Raph`a*el*esque"(r, a.Like Raphael's works; in Raphael's manner of painting. 1913 Webster]
Raph"a*el*ism(r, n.The principles of painting introduced by Raphael, the Italian painter. 1913 Webster]
Raph"a*el*ite(r, n.One who advocates or adopts the principles of Raphaelism. 1913 Webster]
Raph"a*ny(r, n.[Cf. F. raphanie.](Med.)A convulsive disease, attended with ravenous hunger, not uncommon in Sweden and Germany. It was so called because supposed to be caused by eating corn with which seeds of jointed charlock (Raphanus raphanistrum) had been mixed, but the condition is now known to be a form of ergotism. 1913 Webster]
Ra"phe(r, n.[NL., fr. Gr. "rafh` a seam or suture, fr. "ra`ptein to sew or stitch together.]1.(Anat.)A line, ridge, furrow, or band of fibers, especially in the median line; as, the raphe of the tongue. 1913 Webster]
2.(Bot.)Same as Rhaphe. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Raph"i*des(r, n. pl.[F. raphide.](Bot.)See Rhaphides. 1913 Webster]
Rap"id(r, a.[L. rapidus, fr. rapere to seize and carry off, to snatch or hurry away; perhaps akin to Gr. 'arpa`zein: cf. F. rapide. Cf. Harpy, Ravish.] 1913 Webster]
1.Very swift or quick; moving with celerity; fast; as, a rapid stream; a rapid flight; a rapid motion. 1913 Webster]
Ascend my chariot; guide the rapid wheels.Milton. 1913 Webster]
2.Advancing with haste or speed; speedy in progression; in quick sequence; as, rapid growth; rapid improvement; rapid recurrence; rapid succession. 1913 Webster]
3.Quick in execution; as, a rapid penman. 1913 Webster]
Rap"id, n.[Cf. F. rapide. See Rapid, a.]The part of a river where the current moves with great swiftness, but without actual waterfall or cascade; sometimes called whitewater; -- usually used in the plural; as, the Lachine rapids in the St. Lawrence. 1913 Webster +PJC]
Row, brothers, row, the stream runs fast, rapids are near, and the daylight's past.Moore. 1913 Webster]
{ Rap"id-fire`, Rap"id-fir`ing }, a.(a)(Gun.)Firing shots in rapid succession.(b)(Ordnance)Capable of being fired rapidly; -- applied to single-barreled guns of greater caliber than small arms, mounted so as to be quickly trained and elevated, with a quick-acting breech mechanism operated by a single motion of a crank or lever (abbr. R. F.);specif.: (1) In the United States navy, designating such a gun using fixed ammunition or metallic cartridge cases; -- distinguished from breech-loading (abbr. B. L.), applied to all guns loading with the charge in bags, and formerly from quick-fire. Rapid-fire guns in the navy also sometimes include automatic or semiautomatic rapid-fire guns; the former being automatic guns of not less than one inch caliber, firing a shell of not less than one pound weight, the explosion of each cartridge operating the mechanism for ejecting the empty shell, loading, and firing the next shot, the latter being guns that require one operation of the hand at each discharge, to load the gun. (2) In the United States army, designating such a gun, whether using fixed or separate ammunition, designed chiefly for use in coast batteries against torpedo vessels and the lightly armored batteries or other war vessels and for the protection of defensive mine fields; -- not distinguished from quick-fire. (3) In Great Britain and Europe used, rarely, as synonymous with quick-fire. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Rapid-fire mount. (Ordnance)A mount permitting easy and quick elevation or depression and training of the gun, and fitted with a device for taking up the recoil. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Ra*pid"i*ty(r, n.[L. rapiditas: cf. F. rapidit\'82.]The quality or state of being rapid; swiftness; celerity; velocity; as, the rapidity of a current; rapidity of speech; rapidity of growth or improvement. 1913 Webster]
Rap"id*ness, n.Quality of being rapid; rapidity. 1913 Webster]
Ra"pi*er(r, n.[F. rapi\'8are, perhaps for raspi\'8are, and ultimately of German origin, akin to E. rasp, v.]A straight sword, with a narrow and finely pointed blade, used only for thrusting. 1913 Webster]
Rapier fish(Zo\'94l.), the swordfish. [Obs.] Grew. 1913 Webster]
Ra"pi*ered(-, a.Wearing a rapier. \'bdScarletcoated, rapiered figures.\'b8 Lowell. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Ra*pil"li(r, n. pl.[It.](Min.)Lapilli. 1913 Webster]
Rap"ine(r, n.[F. rapine; cf. Pr. & It. rapina; all fr. L. rapina, fr. rapere to seize and carry off by force. See Rapid, and cf. Raven rapine.]1.The act of plundering; the seizing and carrying away of things by force; spoliation; pillage; plunder. 1913 Webster]
Men who were impelled to war quite as much by the desire of rapine as by the desire of glory.Macaulay. 1913 Webster]
2.Ravishment; rape. [Obs.] Shak. 1913 Webster]
Rap"ine, v. t.To plunder.Sir G. Buck. 1913 Webster]
Rap"i*nous(r, a.Given to rapine. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
rap` mu"sic(r, n.(ca. 1985)a type of rhythmic talking, often with accompanying rhythm instruments; same as 7th rap, n.. PJC]
Rap"page(r, n.(Founding)The enlargement of a mold caused by rapping the pattern. 1913 Webster]
Rap`pa*ree"(-p, n.A wild Irish plunderer, esp. one of the 17th century; -- so called from his carrying a half-pike, called a rapary.[Written also raparee.] 1913 Webster]
Rapped(r, imp. & p. p. of Rap, to strike. 1913 Webster]
Rapped, imp. & p. p. of Rap, to snatch away. 1913 Webster]
Rap*pee"(r, n.[F. r\'83p\'82, fr. r\'83per to grate, to rasp. See Rasp, v.]A pungent kind of snuff made from the darker and ranker kinds of tobacco leaves. 1913 Webster]
Rap"pel(r, n.[F. Cf. Repeal.](Mil.)The beat of the drum to call soldiers to arms. 1913 Webster]
Rap"per(r, n.[From Rap.]1.One who, or that which, raps or knocks; specifically, the knocker of a door.Sterne. 1913 Webster]
2.A forcible oath or lie. [Slang] Bp. Parker. 1913 Webster]
3.A musician specializing in rap music. PJC]
Rap*port"(r, n.[F., fr. rapporter to bring again or back, to refer; pref. re- re- + apporter to bring, L. apportare. Cf. Report.]Relation; proportion; conformity; correspondence; accord. 1913 Webster]
'T is obvious what rapport there is between the conceptions and languages in every country.Sir W. Temple. 1913 Webster]
\'d8En` rap`port"([F.], in accord, harmony, or sympathy; having a mutual, especially a private, understanding; in mesmerism, in that relation of sympathy which permits influence or communication. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Rap`proche`ment"(?), n.[F., fr. rapprocher to cause to approach again. See Re-; Approach.]Act or fact of coming or being drawn near or together; establishment or state of cordial relations. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
He had witnessed the gradual rapprochement between the papacy and Austria.Wilfrid Ward. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
3.Wholly absorbed or engrossed, as in work or meditation. \'bdRapt in secret studies.\'b8 Shak. 1913 Webster]
Rapt, n.[From F. rapt abduction, rape, L. raptus, fr. rapere to seize and carry off, to transport; or fr. E. rapt, a. See Rapt, a., and Rapid.]1.An ecstasy; a trance. [Obs.] Bp. Morton. 1913 Webster]
2.Rapidity. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne. 1913 Webster]
Rapt, v. t.1.To transport or ravish. [Obs.] Drayton. 1913 Webster]
2.To carry away by force. [Obs.] Daniel. 1913 Webster]
Rap"tor(r, n.[L. raptor, from rapere to ravish. See Rapid.]A ravisher; a plunderer. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
\'d8Rap*to"res(r, n. pl.[NL. See Raptor.](Zo\'94l.)An order of birds, same as Accipitres. Called also Raptatores. 1913 Webster]
Rap*to"ri*al(r, a.(Zo\'94l.)(a)Rapacious; living upon prey; -- said especially of certain birds.(b)Adapted for seizing prey; -- said of the legs, claws, etc., of insects, birds, and other animals.(c)Of or pertaining to the Raptores. See Illust.(f) of Aves. 1913 Webster]
Rap"ture(r, n.[L. rapere, raptum, to carry off by force. See Rapid.]1.A seizing by violence; a hurrying along; rapidity with violence. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
That 'gainst a rock, or flat, her keel did dash rapture.Chapman. 1913 Webster]
2.The state or condition of being rapt, or carried away from one's self by agreeable excitement; violence of a pleasing passion; extreme joy or pleasure; ecstasy. 1913 Webster]
Music, when thus applied, raises in the mind of the hearer great conceptions; it strengthens devotion, and advances praise into rapture.Addison. 1913 Webster]
You grow correct that once with rapture writ.Pope. 1913 Webster]
3.A spasm; a fit; a syncope; delirium. [Obs.] Shak. 1913 Webster]
Rude mechanicals that rare and late Chapman. 1913 Webster]
Rare, a.[Compar.Rarer(r; superl.Rarest.][Cf. AS. hr, or E. rare early. Nearly raw; partially cooked; not thoroughly cooked; underdone; as, rare beef or mutton. 1913 Webster]
New-laid eggs, which Baucis' busy care rare.Dryden. 1913 Webster]
underdone is preferred. 1913 Webster]
Rare, a.[Compar.Rarer(r; superl.Rarest.][F., fr. L. rarus thin, rare.]1.Not frequent; seldom met with or occurring; unusual; as, a rare event. 1913 Webster]
2.Of an uncommon nature; unusually excellent; valuable to a degree seldom found. 1913 Webster]
Rare work, all filled with terror and delight.Cowley. 1913 Webster]
Above the rest I judge one beauty rare.Dryden. 1913 Webster]
3.Thinly scattered; dispersed. 1913 Webster]
Those rare and solitary, these in flocks.Milton. 1913 Webster]
4.Characterized by wide separation of parts; of loose texture; not thick or dense; thin; as, a rare atmosphere at high elevations. 1913 Webster]
Water is nineteen times lighter, and by consequence nineteen times rarer, than gold.Sir I. Newton. 1913 Webster]
Syn. -- Scarce; infrequent; unusual; uncommon; singular; extraordinary; incomparable. -- Rare, Scarce. We call a thing rare when but few examples, specimens, or instances of it are ever to be met with; as, a rare plant. We speak of a thing as scarce, which, though usually abundant, is for the time being to be had only in diminished quantities; as, a bad harvest makes corn scarce. 1913 Webster]
A perfect union of wit and judgment is one of the rarest things in the world.Burke. 1913 Webster]
When any particular piece of money grew very scarce, it was often recoined by a succeeding emperor.Addison. 1913 Webster]
Rare"bit(r, n.A dainty morsel; a Welsh rabbit. See Welsh rabbit, under Rabbit. 1913 Webster]
Rar"ee-show`(r, n.[Contr. fr. rarity-show.]A show carried about in a box; a peep show.Pope. 1913 Webster]
Rar`e*fac"tion(r, n.[Cf. F. rar\'82faction. See Rarefy.]The act or process of rarefying; the state of being rarefied; -- opposed to condensation; as, the rarefaction of air. 1913 Webster]
Rar"e*fi`a*ble(r, a.[Cf. F. rar\'82fiable.]Capable of being rarefied.Boyle. 1913 Webster]
Rar"e*fy(r, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Rarefied(r; p. pr. & vb. n.Rarefying(r.][F. rar\'82fier; L. rarus rare + -ficare (in comp.) to make; cf. L. rarefacere. See -fy.]To make rare, thin, porous, or less dense; to expand or enlarge without adding any new portion of matter to; -- opposed to condense. 1913 Webster]
Rar"e*fy, v. i.To become less dense; to become thin and porous. \'bdEarth rarefies to dew.\'b8 Dryden. 1913 Webster]
Rare"ly(r, adv.1.In a rare manner or degree; seldom; not often; as, things rarely seen. 1913 Webster]
2.Finely; excellently; with rare skill. See 3d Rare, 2. 1913 Webster]
The person who played so rarely on the flageolet.Sir W. Scott. 1913 Webster]
The rest of the apartments are rarely gilded.Evelyn. 1913 Webster]
Rare"ness, n.The state or quality of being rare. 1913 Webster]
And let the rareness the small gift commend.Dryden. 1913 Webster]
Rare"ripe`(-r, a.[Rare early + ripe. Cf. Rathripe.]Early ripe; ripe before others, or before the usual season. 1913 Webster]
Rare"ripe`, n.An early ripening fruit, especially a kind of freestone peach. 1913 Webster]
Rar"i*ty(r, n.; pl.Rarities(r.[L. raritas: cf. F. raret\'82. See Rare.]1.The quality or state of being rare; rareness; thinness; as, the rarity (contrasted with the density) of gases. 1913 Webster]
<-- p. 1190 pr=vmg -->
2.That which is rare; an uncommon thing; a thing valued for its scarcity. 1913 Webster]
I saw three rarities of different kinds, which pleased me more than any other shows in the place.Addison. 1913 Webster]
Ras(r, n.See 2d Reis. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Ra`sante"(r, a.[F., p. pr. of raser to graze.](Fort.)Sweeping; grazing; -- applied to a style of fortification in which the command of the works over each other, and over the country, is kept very low, in order that the shot may more effectually sweep or graze the ground before them.H. L. Scott. 1913 Webster]
Ras"cal(r, n.[OE. rascaille rabble, probably from an OF. racaille, F. racaille the rabble, rubbish, probably akin to F. racler to scrape, (assumed) LL. rasiculare, rasicare, fr. L. radere, rasum. See Rase, v.] 1913 Webster]
1.One of the rabble; a low, common sort of person or creature; collectively, the rabble; the common herd; also, a lean, ill-conditioned beast, esp. a deer. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
He smote of the people seventy men, and fifty thousand of the rascal.Wyclif (1 Kings [1 Samuel] vi. 19). 1913 Webster]
Poor men alone? No, no; the noblest deer hath them [horns] as huge as the rascal.Shak. 1913 Webster]
2.A mean, trickish fellow; a base, dishonest person; a rogue; a scoundrel; a trickster. 1913 Webster]
For I have sense to serve my turn in store, rascal who pretends to more.Dryden. 1913 Webster]
Ras"cal, a.Of or pertaining to the common herd or common people; low; mean; base. \'bdThe rascal many.\'b8 Spencer. \'bdThe rascal people.\'b8 Shak. 1913 Webster]
While she called me rascal fiddler.Shak. 1913 Webster]
Ras"cal*dom(-d, n.State of being a rascal; rascality; domain of rascals; rascals, collectively.Emerson. 1913 Webster]
1.The quality or state of being rascally, or a rascal; mean trickishness or dishonesty; base fraud. 1913 Webster]
2.The poorer and lower classes of people. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
The chief heads of their clans with their several rascalitiesT. Jackson. 1913 Webster]
Ras*cal"lion(r, n.[From Rascal]A low, mean wretch; a rogue; same as rascal, n.. 2; now disused, replaced by rapscalion. [archaic] [Written also rascalion.] 1913 Webster]
Ras"cal*ly(r, a.Like a rascal; trickish or dishonest; base; worthless; -- often in humorous disparagement, without implication of dishonesty. 1913 Webster]
Our rascally porter is fallen fast asleep.Swift. 1913 Webster]
Rase(r, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Rased(r; p. pr. & vb. n.Rasing.][F. raser, LL. rasare to scrape often, v. freq. fr. L. radere, rasum, to scrape, shave; cf. Skr. rad to scratch, gnaw, L. rodere to gnaw. Cf. Raze, Razee, Razor, Rodent.]1.To rub along the surface of; to graze. [Obsoles.] 1913 Webster]
Was he not in the . . . neighborhood to death? and might not the bullet which rased his cheek have gone into his head?South. 1913 Webster]
Sometimes his feet rased the surface of the water, and at others the skylight almost flattened his nose.Beckford. 1913 Webster]
2.To rub or scratch out; to erase. [Obsoles.] 1913 Webster]
Except we rase the faculty of memory, root and branch, out of our mind.Fuller. 1913 Webster]
3.To level with the ground; to overthrow; to destroy; to raze.[In this sense raze is generally used.] 1913 Webster]
Till Troy were by their brave hands rased, Chapman. 1913 Webster]
rase, may be considered as nearly obsolete; graze, erase, and raze, having superseded it. 1913 Webster]
Rasing iron, a tool for removing old oakum and pitch from the seams of a vessel. 1913 Webster]
Rase, v. i.To be leveled with the ground; to fall; to suffer overthrow. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
Rase, n.1.A scratching out, or erasure. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
2.A slight wound; a scratch. [Obs.] Hooker. 1913 Webster]
3.(O. Eng. Law)A way of measuring in which the commodity measured was made even with the top of the measuring vessel by rasing, or striking off, all that was above it.Burrill. 1913 Webster]
Rash(r, v. t.[For arace.]1.To pull off or pluck violently. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
2.To slash; to hack; to cut; to slice. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
Rashing off helms and riving plates asunder.Spenser. 1913 Webster]
Rash, n.[OF. rasche an eruption, scurf, F. rache; fr. (assumed) LL. rasicare to scratch, fr. L. radere, rasum, to scrape, scratch, shave. See Rase, and cf. Rascal.](Med.)A fine eruption or efflorescence on the body, with little or no elevation. 1913 Webster]
Canker rash. See in the Vocabulary. --
Nettle rash. See Urticaria. --
Rose rash. See Roseola. --
Tooth rash. See Red-gum. 1913 Webster]
Rash, n.[Cf. F. ras short-nap cloth, It. & Sp. raso satin (cf. Rase); or cf. It. rascia serge, G. rasch, probably fr. Arras in France (cf. Arras).]An inferior kind of silk, or mixture of silk and worsted. [Obs.] Donne. 1913 Webster]
Rash, a.[Compar.Rasher(-; superl.Rashest.][Probably of Scand. origin; cf. Dan. & Sw. rask quick, brisk, rash, Icel. r\'94skr vigorous, brave, akin to D. & G. rasch quick, of uncertain origin.]1.Sudden in action; quick; hasty. [Obs.] \'bdStrong as aconitum or rash gunpowder.\'b8 Shak. 1913 Webster]
I scarce have leisure to salute you, rash.Shak. 1913 Webster]
3.Esp., overhasty in counsel or action; precipitate; resolving or entering on a project or measure without due deliberation and caution; opposed to prudent; said of persons; as, a rash statesman or commander. 1913 Webster]
4.Uttered or undertaken with too much haste or too little reflection; as, rash words; rash measures. 1913 Webster]
5.So dry as to fall out of the ear with handling, as corn. [Prov. Eng.] Grose. 1913 Webster]
Syn. -- Precipitate; headlong; headstrong; foolhardy; hasty; indiscreet; heedless; thoughtless; incautious; careless; inconsiderate; unwary. -- Rash, Adventurous, Foolhardy. A man is adventurous who incurs risk or hazard from a love of the arduous and the bold. A man is rash who does it from the mere impulse of his feelings, without counting the cost. A man is foolhardy who throws himself into danger in disregard or defiance of the consequences. 1913 Webster]
Was never known a more adventurous knight.Dryden. 1913 Webster]
Her rash hand in evil hour Milton. 1913 Webster]
If any yet be so foolhardy Hudibras. 1913 Webster]
Rash(r, v. t.To prepare with haste. [Obs.] Foxe. 1913 Webster]
Rash"er(r, n.[In sense 1, probably fr. rash, a., as being hastily cooked.]1.A thin slice of bacon. 1913 Webster]
2.(Zo\'94l.)A California rockfish (Sebastichthys miniatus). 1913 Webster]
\'d8Ras*kol"nik(r, n.; pl. Raskolniki(r or Raskolniks(#). [Russ. raskol'nik dissenter, fr. raskol dissent.]The name applied by the Russian government to any subject of the Greek faith who dissents from the established church. The Raskolniki embrace many sects, whose common characteristic is a clinging to antique traditions, habits, and customs. The schism originated in 1667 in an ecclesiastical dispute as to the correctness of the translation of the religious books. The dissenters, who have been continually persecuted, are believed to number about 20,000,000, although the Holy Synod officially puts the number at about 2,000,000. They are officially divided into three groups according to the degree of their variance from orthodox beliefs and observances, as follows: I. \'bdMost obnoxious.\'b8 the
Judaizers; the
Molokane, who refuse to recognize civil authority or to take oaths; the
Dukhobortsy, or
Dukhobors, who are communistic, marry without ceremony, and believe that Christ was human, but that his soul reappears at intervals in living men; the
Khlysty, who countenance anthropolatory, are ascetics, practice continual self-flagellation, and reject marriage; the
Skoptsy, who practice castration; and a section of the
Bezpopovtsy, or priestless sect, which disbelieve in prayers for the Czar and in marriage. II. \'bdObnoxious:\'b8 the
Bezpopovtsy, who pray for the Czar and recognize marriage. III. \'bdLeast obnoxious:\'b8 the
Popovtsy, who dissent from the orthodox church in minor points only.[Written also rascolnik.] Webster 1913 Suppl.]
\'d8Ra*so"res(r, n. pl.[NL., fr. L. radere, rasum, to scratch. See Rase, v. t.](Zo\'94l.)An order of birds; the Gallin\'91. 1913 Webster]
Rasores was used in a wider sense, so as to include other birds now widely separated in classification. 1913 Webster]
Ra*so"ri*al(r, a.(Zo\'94l.)Of or pertaining to the Rasores, or gallinaceous birds, as the peacock, domestic fowl, partridge, quail, and the like. 1913 Webster]
Ra"sour(r, n.Razor. [Obs.] Chaucer. 1913 Webster]
Rasp(r, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Rasped(r; p. pr. & vb. n.Rasping.][OF. rasper, F. r\'83per, to scrape, grate, rasp, fr. OHG. rasp to scrape together, to collect, probably akin to E. rap. Cf. Rap to snatch.] 1913 Webster]
1.To rub or file with a rasp; to rub or grate with a rough file; as, to rasp wood to make it smooth; to rasp bones to powder. 1913 Webster]
2.Hence, figuratively: To grate harshly upon; to offend by coarse or rough treatment or language; as, some sounds rasp the ear; his insults rasped my temper. 1913 Webster]
Rasp, n.[OE. raspe, OF. raspe, F. r\'83pe. See Rasp, v.] 1913 Webster]
1.A coarse file, on which the cutting prominences are distinct points raised by the oblique stroke of a sharp punch, instead of lines raised by a chisel, as on the true file. 1913 Webster]
2.The raspberry. [Obs.] \'bdSet sorrel amongst rasps, and the rasps will be the smaller.\'b8 Bacon. 1913 Webster]
Rasp palm(Bot.), a Brazilian palm tree (Iriartea exorhiza) which has strong a\'89rial roots like a screw pine. The roots have a hard, rough surface, and are used by the natives for graters and rasps, whence the common name. 1913 Webster]
Rasp"a*to*ry(r, n.[LL. raspatorium: cf. F. raspatoir. See Rasp, v.]A surgeon's rasp.Wiseman. 1913 Webster]
Rasp"ber*ry(r, n.[From E. rasp, in allusion to the apparent roughness of the fruit.](Bot.)(a)The thimble-shaped fruit of the Rubus Id\'91us and other similar brambles; as, the black, the red, and the white raspberry.(b)The shrub bearing this fruit. 1913 Webster]
1913 Webster]
Rasp"er(r, n.One who, or that which, rasps; a scraper. 1913 Webster]
Rasp"y(r, a.Like a rasp, or the sound made by a rasp; grating.R. D. Blackmore. 1913 Webster]
Rasse(r, n.[Cf. Malay r\'besa taste, sensation.](Zo\'94l.)A carnivore (Viverricula Mallaccensis) allied to the civet but smaller, native of China and the East Indies. It furnishes a perfume resembling that of the civet, which is highly prized by the Javanese. Called also Malacca weasel, and lesser civet. 1913 Webster]
Ra"sure(r, n.[L. rasura, fr. radere, rasum, to scrape, to shave. See Rase, v.]1.The act of rasing, scraping, or erasing; erasure; obliteration. 1913 Webster]
2.A mark by which a letter, word, or any part of a writing or print, is erased, effaced, or obliterated; an erasure.Ayliffe. 1913 Webster]
Rat(r, n.[AS. r\'91t; akin to D. rat, OHG. rato, ratta, G. ratte, ratze, OLG. ratta, LG. & Dan. rotte, Sw. r\'86tta, F. rat, Ir. & Gael radan, Armor. raz, of unknown origin. Cf. Raccoon.]1.(Zo\'94l.)One of several species of small rodents of the genus Rattus (formerly included in Mus) and allied genera, of the family Muridae, distinguished from mice primarily by being larger. They infest houses, stores, and ships, especially the Norway rat, also called brown rat, (Rattus norvegicus formerly Mus decumanus), the black rat (Rattus rattus formerly Mus rattus), and the roof rat (formerly Mus Alexandrinus, now included in Rattus rattus). These were introduced into America from the Old World. The white rat used most commonly in laboratories is primarily a strain derived from Rattus rattus. 1913 Webster +PJC]
2.A round and tapering mass of hair, or similar material, used by women to support the puffs and rolls of their natural hair. [Local, U.S.] 1913 Webster]
3.One who deserts his party or associates; hence, in the trades, one who works for lower wages than those prescribed by a trades union. [Cant] 1913 Webster]
rat) was first, as we have seen, leveled at the converts to the government of George the First, but has by degrees obtained a wider meaning, and come to be applied to any sudden and mercenary change in politics.\'b8 Lord Mahon. 1913 Webster]
Bamboo rat(Zo\'94l.), any Indian rodent of the genus Rhizomys. --
Beaver rat,
Coast rat. (Zo\'94l.)See under Beaver and Coast. --
Blind rat(Zo\'94l.), the mole rat. --
Cotton rat(Zo\'94l.), a long-haired rat (Sigmodon hispidus), native of the Southern United States and Mexico. It makes its nest of cotton and is often injurious to the crop. --
Ground rat. See Ground Pig, under Ground. --
Hedgehog rat. See under Hedgehog. --
Kangaroo rat(Zo\'94l.), the potoroo. --
Norway rat(Zo\'94l.), the common brown rat. See Rat. --
Pouched rat. (Zo\'94l.)(a)See Pocket Gopher, under Pocket.(b)Any African rodent of the genus Cricetomys.
Rat Indians(Ethnol.), a tribe of Indians dwelling near Fort Ukon, Alaska. They belong to the Athabascan stock. --
Rat mole. (Zo\'94l.)See Mole rat, under Mole. --
Rat pit, an inclosed space into which rats are put to be killed by a dog for sport. --
Rat snake(Zo\'94l.), a large colubrine snake (Ptyas mucosus) very common in India and Ceylon. It enters dwellings, and destroys rats, chickens, etc. --
Spiny rat(Zo\'94l.), any South American rodent of the genus Echinomys. --
To smell a rat. See under Smell. --
Wood rat(Zo\'94l.), any American rat of the genus Neotoma, especially Neotoma Floridana, common in the Southern United States. Its feet and belly are white. 1913 Webster]
Rat, v. i.[imp. & p. p.Ratted; p. pr. & vb. n.Ratting.]1.In English politics, to desert one's party from interested motives; to forsake one's associates for one's own advantage; in the trades, to work for less wages, or on other conditions, than those established by a trades union. 1913 Webster]
Coleridge . . . incurred the reproach of having ratted, solely by his inability to follow the friends of his early days.De Quincey. 1913 Webster]
2.To catch or kill rats. 1913 Webster]
2.To be an informer (against an associate); to inform (on an associate); to squeal; -- used commonly in the phrase to rat on. PJC]
Ra"ta(r, n.[Maori.](Bot.)A New Zealand forest tree (Metrosideros robusta), also, its hard dark red wood, used by the Maoris for paddles and war clubs. 1913 Webster]
Rat`a*bil"i*ty(r, n.The quality or state of being ratable. 1913 Webster]
Rat"a*ble(r, a.1.Capable of being rated, or set at a certain value. 1913 Webster]
Twenty or\'91 were ratable to [at] two marks of silver.Camden. 1913 Webster]
2.Liable to, or subjected by law to, taxation; as, ratable estate. 1913 Webster]
3.Made at a proportionate rate; as, ratable payments. -- Rat"a*ble*ness, n. -- Rat"a*bly, adv. 1913 Webster]
rat"a*ble(r, n.a structure which may be rated, or set at a certain value, for the purpose of taxation, usually based on the value; as, with the deterioration of the center cities, the loss of ratables worsened the situation by removing valuable sources of tax revenue. PJC]
Rat`a*fi"a(r, n.[F., fr. Malay arak arrack + t\'bef\'c6a a spirit distilled from molasses.]A spirituous liquor flavored with the kernels of cherries, apricots, peaches, or other fruit, spiced, and sweetened with sugar; -- a term applied to the liqueurs called noyau, cura, etc.[Written also ratifia and ratafee.] 1913 Webster]
Ra*tan"(r, n.See Rattan. 1913 Webster]
Rat"a*ny(r, n.(Bot.)Same as Rhatany. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Ra`ta`plan"(r, n.[F.]The iterative sound of beating a drum, or of a galloping horse. 1913 Webster]
Ratch(r, n.(Zo\'94l.)Same as Rotche. 1913 Webster]
Ratch(r, n.[See Rack the instrument, Ratchet.]A ratchet wheel, or notched bar, with which a pawl or click works. 1913 Webster]
Ratch"et(-, n.[Properly a diminutive from the same word as rack: cf. F. rochet. See 2d Ratch, Rack the instrument.]1.A pawl, click, or detent, for holding or propelling a ratchet wheel, or ratch, etc. 1913 Webster]
2.A mechanism composed of a ratchet wheel, or ratch, and pawl. See Ratchet wheel, below, and 2d Ratch. 1913 Webster]
Ratchet brace(Mech.), a boring brace, having a ratchet wheel and pawl for rotating the tool by back and forth movements of the brace handle. --
Ratchet drill, a portable machine for working a drill by hand, consisting of a hand lever carrying at one end a drill holder which is revolved by means of a ratchet wheel and pawl, by swinging the lever back and forth. --
Ratchet wheel(Mach.), a circular wheel having teeth, usually angular, with which a reciprocating pawl engages to turn the wheel forward, or a stationary pawl to hold it from turning backward. 1913 Webster]
<-- illustr. Ratchet wheel and ilustr. of ratchet drill --> 1913 Webster]
c slides over the teeth in one direction, but in returning, draws the wheel with it, while the pawl d prevents it from turning in the contrary direction. 1913 Webster]
<-- p. 1191 pr=vmg -->
Rate(r, v. t. & i.[Perh. fr. E. rate, v. t., to value at a certain rate, to estimate, but more prob. fr. Sw. rata to find fault, to blame, to despise, to hold cheap; cf. Icel. hrat refuse, hrati rubbish.]To chide with vehemence; to scold; to censure violently; to berate.Spenser. 1913 Webster +PJC]
Conscience is a check to beginners in sin, reclaiming them from it, and rating them for it.Barrow. 1913 Webster]
Rate(?), n.[OF., fr. L. rata (sc. pars), fr. ratus reckoned, fixed by calculation, p. p. of reri to reckon, to calculate. Cf. Reason.]1.Established portion or measure; fixed allowance. 1913 Webster]
The one right feeble through the evil rate Spenser. 1913 Webster]
2.That which is established as a measure or criterion; degree; standard; rank; proportion; ratio; as, a slow rate of movement; rate of interest is the ratio of the interest to the principal, per annum. 1913 Webster]
Heretofore the rate and standard of wit was different from what it is nowadays.South. 1913 Webster]
In this did his holiness and godliness appear above the rate and pitch of other men's, in that he was so . . . merciful.Calamy. 1913 Webster]
Many of the horse could not march at that rate, nor come up soon enough.Clarendon. 1913 Webster]
3.Valuation; price fixed with relation to a standard; cost; charge; as, high or low rates of transportation. 1913 Webster]
They come at dear rates from Japan.Locke. 1913 Webster]
4.A tax or sum assessed by authority on property for public use, according to its income or value; esp., in England, a local tax; as, parish rates; town rates. 1913 Webster]
5.Order; arrangement. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
Thus sat they all around in seemly rate.Spenser. 1913 Webster]
7.(Horol.)The gain or loss of a timepiece in a unit of time; as, daily rate; hourly rate; etc. 1913 Webster]
8.(Naut.)(a)The order or class to which a war vessel belongs, determined according to its size, armament, etc.; as, first rate, second rate, etc.(b)The class of a merchant vessel for marine insurance, determined by its relative safety as a risk, as A1, A2, etc. 1913 Webster]
Rate, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Rated; p. pr. & vb. n.Rating.]1.To set a certain estimate on; to value at a certain price or degree. 1913 Webster]
To rate a man by the nature of his companions is a rule frequent indeed, but not infallible.South. 1913 Webster]
You seem not high enough your joys to rate.Dryden. 1913 Webster]
2.To assess for the payment of a rate or tax. 1913 Webster]
3.To settle the relative scale, rank, position, amount, value, or quality of; as, to rate a ship; to rate a seaman; to rate a pension. 1913 Webster]
4.To ratify. [Obs.] \'bdTo rate the truce.\'b8 Chapman. 1913 Webster]
To rate a chronometer, to ascertain the exact rate of its gain or loss as compared with true time, so as to make an allowance or computation dependent thereon. 1913 Webster]
Syn. -- To value; appraise; estimate; reckon. 1913 Webster]
Rate, v. i.1.To be set or considered in a class; to have rank; as, the ship rates as a ship of the line. 1913 Webster]
2.To make an estimate. 1913 Webster]
Rate"a*ble(-, a.See Ratable. 1913 Webster]
Ra"tel(r, n.[F.](Zo\'94l.)Any carnivore of the genus Mellivora, allied to the weasels and the skunks; -- called also honey badger. 1913 Webster]
Mellivora Capensis) and the Indian ratel (Mellivora Indica) are the best known. The back is gray; the lower parts, face, and tail are black. They are fond of honey, and rob the nests of wild bees. 1913 Webster]
Rate"pay`er(-p, n.One who pays rates or taxes. 1913 Webster]
Rat"er(r, n.One who rates or estimates. 1913 Webster]
Rat"er, n.One who rates or scolds. 1913 Webster]
Rat"fish`(r, n.(Zo\'94l.)Same as Rat-tail. 1913 Webster]
Rath(r, n.[Ir. rath.]1.A hill or mound. [Ireland] Spenser. 1913 Webster]
2.A kind of ancient fortification found in Ireland. 1913 Webster]
{ Rath, Rathe }(r, a.[AS. hr\'91\'eb, hr\'91d, quick, akin to OHG. hrad, Icel. hra\'ebr.]Coming before others, or before the usual time; early. [Obs. or Poetic] 1913 Webster]
Bring the rathe primrose that forsaken dies.Milton. 1913 Webster]
Too rathe cut off by practice criminal.Spenser. 1913 Webster]
Rath"er(r, a.[Compar. of Rath, a.]Prior; earlier; former. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
Now no man dwelleth at the rather town.Sir J. Mandeville. 1913 Webster]
Rath"er(r, adv.[AS. hra\'ebor, compar. of hra\'ebe, hr\'91\'ebe, quickly, immediately. See Rath, a.] 1913 Webster]
1.Earlier; sooner; before. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
Thou shalt, quod he, be rather false than I.Chaucer. 1913 Webster]
A good mean to come the rather to grace.Foxe. 1913 Webster]
2.More readily or willingly; preferably. 1913 Webster]
My soul chooseth . . . death rather than my life.Job vii. 15. 1913 Webster]
3.On the other hand; to the contrary of what was said or suggested; instead. 1913 Webster]
Was nothing bettered, but rather grew worse.Mark v. 26. 1913 Webster]
4.Of two alternatives conceived of, this by preference to, or as more likely than, the other; somewhat. 1913 Webster]
He sought throughout the world, but sought in vain, rather feared her slain.Dryden. 1913 Webster]
5.More properly; more correctly speaking. 1913 Webster]
This is an art rather, but Shak. 1913 Webster]
6.In some degree; somewhat; as, the day is rather warm; the house is rather damp. 1913 Webster]
The rather, the more so; especially; for better reason; for particular cause. 1913 Webster]
You are come to me in happy time, The rather for I have some sport in hand.Shak. 1913 Webster]
--
Had rather, or
Would rather, prefer to; prefers to; as, he had rather, or would rather go than stay. \'bdI had rather speak five words with my understanding than ten thousand words in an unknown tongue.\'b8 1 Cor. xiv. 19. See Had rather, under Had. 1913 Webster]
Rath"ripe`(r, a.Rareripe, or early ripe. -- n.A rareripe. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] 1913 Webster]
Such who delight in rathripe fruits.Fuller. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Raths"kel`ler(r, n.[G., also ratskeller, prop., town-hall cellar.]Orig., in Germany, the cellar or basement of the city hall, usually rented for use as a restaurant where beer is sold; hence, a beer saloon of the German type below the street level, where, usually, drinks are served only at tables and simple food may also be had; -- sometimes loosely used, in English, of what are essentially basement restaurants where liquors are served. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Rat`i*fi*ca"tion(r, n.[Cf. F. ratification.]The act of ratifying; the state of being ratified; confirmation; sanction; as, the ratification of a treaty. 1913 Webster]
Rat"i*fi`er(r, n.One who, or that which, ratifies; a confirmer.Shak. 1913 Webster]
Rat"i*fy(r, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Ratified(r; p. pr. & vb. n.Ratifying(r.][F. ratifier, fr. L. ratus fixed by calculation, firm, valid + -ficare (in comp.) to make. See Rate, n., and -fy.]To approve and sanction; to make valid; to confirm; to establish; to settle; especially, to give sanction to, as something done by an agent or servant; as, to ratify an agreement, treaty, or contract; to ratify a nomination. 1913 Webster]
It is impossible for the divine power to set a seal to a lie by ratifying an imposture with such a miracle.South. 1913 Webster]
Rat`i*ha*bi"tion(-h, n.[L. ratihabitio; ratus fixed, valid + habere to hold.]Confirmation or approbation, as of an act or contract. [Obs.] Jer. Taylor. 1913 Webster]
Ra"ti*o(r, n.[L., fr. reri, ratus, to reckon, believe, think, judge. See Reason.]1.(Math.)The relation which one quantity or magnitude has to another of the same kind. It is expressed by the quotient of the division of the first by the second; thus, the ratio of 3 to 6 is expressed by a to b by a/b; or (less commonly) the second term is made the dividend; as, a:b = b/a. 1913 Webster]
ratio as the quotient itself, making ratio equivalent to a number. 1913 Webster]
The term ratio is also sometimes applied to the difference of two quantities as well as to their quotient, in which case the former is called arithmetical ratio, the latter, geometrical ratio. The name ratio is sometimes given to the rule of three in arithmetic. See under Rule. 1913 Webster]
2.Hence, fixed relation of number, quantity, or degree; rate; proportion; as, the ratio of representation in Congress. 1913 Webster]
Compound ratio,
Duplicate ratio,
Inverse ratio, etc.See under Compound, Duplicate, etc. --
Ratio of a geometrical progression, the constant quantity by which each term is multiplied to produce the succeeding one. 1913 Webster]
Ra`ti*oc"i*nate(r, v. i.[L. ratiocinatus, p. p. of ratiocinari, fr. ratio reason. See Ratio.]To reason, esp. deductively; to offer reason or argument. 1913 Webster]
Ra`ti*oc`i*na"tion(r, n.[L. ratiocinatio: cf. F. ratiocination.]The process of reasoning, or deducing conclusions from premises; deductive reasoning. 1913 Webster]
Ra`ti*oc"i*na*tive(r, a.[L. ratiocinativus.]Characterized by, or addicted to, ratiocination; consisting in the comparison of propositions or facts, and the deduction of inferences from the comparison; argumentative; as, a ratiocinative process. 1913 Webster]
The ratiocinative meditativeness of his character.Coleridge. 1913 Webster]
Ra"tion(ror r, n.[F., fr. L. ratio a reckoning, calculation, relation, reference, LL. ratio ration. See Ratio.]1.A fixed daily allowance of provisions assigned to a soldier in the army, or a sailor in the navy, for his subsistence. 1913 Webster]
1913 Webster]
2.Hence, a certain portion or fixed amount dealt out; an allowance; an allotment. 1913 Webster]
Ra"tion, v. t.To supply with rations, as a regiment. 1913 Webster]
Ra"tion*al(r, a.[L. rationalis: cf. F. rationnel. See Ratio, Reason, and cf. Rationale.]1.Relating to the reason; not physical; mental. 1913 Webster]
Moral philosophy was his chiefest end; for the rational, the natural, and mathematics . . . were but simple pastimes in comparison of the other.Sir T. North. 1913 Webster]
2.Having reason, or the faculty of reasoning; endowed with reason or understanding; reasoning. 1913 Webster]
It is our glory and happiness to have a rational nature.Law. 1913 Webster]
3.Agreeable to reason; not absurd, preposterous, extravagant, foolish, fanciful, or the like; wise; judicious; as, rational conduct; a rational man. 1913 Webster]
4.(Chem.)Expressing the type, structure, relations, and reactions of a compound; graphic; -- said of formul\'91. See under Formula. 1913 Webster]
Rational horizon. (Astron.)See Horizon, 2 (b). --
Rational quantity(Alg.), one that can be expressed without the use of a radical sign, or in exact parts of unity; -- opposed to irrational or radical quantity. --
Rational symptom(Med.), one elicited by the statements of the patient himself and not as the result of a physical examination.
<-- rational drug design. --> 1913 Webster]
Syn. -- Sane; sound; intelligent; reasonable; sensible; wise; discreet; judicious. -- Rational, reasonable. Rational has reference to reason as a faculty of the mind, and is opposed to irrational; as, a rational being, a rational state of mind, rational views, etc. In these cases the speculative reason is more particularly, referred to. Reasonable has reference to the exercise of this faculty for practical purposes, and means, governed or directed by reason; as, reasonable desires or plans; a reasonable charge; a reasonable prospect of success. 1913 Webster]
What higher in her society thou find'st rational, love still.Milton. 1913 Webster]
A law may be reasonable in itself, although a man does not allow it, or does not know the reason of the lawgivers.Swift. 1913 Webster]
Ra`tion*a"le(ror r, n.[L. rationalis, neut. rationale. See Rational, a.]An explanation or exposition of the principles of some opinion, action, hypothesis, phenomenon, or the like; also, the principles themselves. 1913 Webster]
Ra"tion*al*ism(r, n.[Cf. F. rationalisme.]1.(Theol.)The doctrine or system of those who deduce their religious opinions from reason or the understanding, as distinct from, or opposed to, revelation. 1913 Webster]
2.(Philos.)The system that makes rational power the ultimate test of truth; -- opposed to sensualism, or sensationalism, and empiricism.Fleming. 1913 Webster]
Ra"tion*al*ist, n.[Cf. F. rationaliste.]One who accepts rationalism as a theory or system; also, disparagingly, a false reasoner. See Citation under Reasonist. 1913 Webster]
{ Ra`tion*al*is"tic(r, Ra`tion*al*is"tic*al(-t, }a.Belonging to, or in accordance with, the principles of rationalism. -- Ra`tion*al*is"tic*al*ly, adv. 1913 Webster]
Ra`tion*al"i*ty(r, n.; pl.-ties(-t.[F. rationalit\'82, or L. rationalitas.]The quality or state of being rational; agreement with reason; possession of reason; due exercise of reason; reasonableness. 1913 Webster]
When God has made rationality the common portion of mankind, how came it to be thy inclosure?Gov. of Tongue. 1913 Webster]
Well-directed intentions, whose rationalities will never bear a rigid examination.Sir T. Browne. 1913 Webster]
Ra`tion*al*i*za"tion(r, n.The act or process of rationalizing. 1913 Webster]
Ra"tion*al*ize(r, v. t.1.To make rational; also, to convert to rationalism. 1913 Webster]
2.To interpret in the manner of a rationalist. 1913 Webster]
3.To form a rational conception of. 1913 Webster]
4.(Alg.)To render rational; to free from radical signs or quantities. 1913 Webster]
Ra"tion*al*ize, v. i.To use, and rely on, reason in forming a theory, belief, etc., especially in matters of religion: to accord with the principles of rationalism. 1913 Webster]
Theodore . . . is justly considered the chief rationalizing doctor of antiquity.J. H. Newman. 1913 Webster]
Ra"tion*al*ly, adv.In a rational manner. 1913 Webster]
Ra"tion*al*ness, n.The quality or state of being rational; rationality. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Ra*ti"t\'91(r, n. pl.[NL., fr. L. ratis a raft; cf. L. ratitus marked with the figure of a raft.](Zo\'94l.)An order of birds in which the wings are small, rudimentary, or absent, and the breastbone is destitute of a keel. The ostrich, emu, moa, and apteryx are examples. 1913 Webster]
Rat"i*tate(r, a.(Zo\'94l.)Of or pertaining to the Ratit\'91. 1913 Webster]
Rat"ite(r, a.(Zo\'94l.)Of or pertaining to the Ratit\'91. -- n.One of the Ratit\'91. 1913 Webster]
{ Rat"lines, Rat"lins }(r, n. pl.[Of uncertain origin.](Naut.)The small transverse ropes attached to the shrouds and forming the steps of a rope ladder.[Written also ratlings, and rattlings.]Totten. 1913 Webster]
Rat"on(r, n.[Cf. Raccoon.]A small rat. [Obs.] Piers Plowman. 1913 Webster]
Ra*toon"(r, n.1.Same as Rattoon, n. 1913 Webster]
2.A rattan cane. [Obs.] Pepys. 1913 Webster]
Ra*toon", v. i.Same as Rattoon, v. i. 1913 Webster]
Rats"bane`(r, n.[Rat + bane.]Rat poison; white arsenic. 1913 Webster]
Rats"baned`(r, a.Poisoned by ratsbane. 1913 Webster]
Rat"-tail`(r, a.Like a rat's tail in form; as, a rat-tail file, which is round, slender, and tapering. See Illust. of File. 1913 Webster]
Rat"-tail`, n.1.(Far.)pl.An excrescence growing from the pastern to the middle of the shank of a horse. 1913 Webster]
2.(Zo\'94l.)(a)The California chim\'91ra. See Chim\'91ra.(b)Any fish of the genus Macrurus. See Grenadier, 2. 1913 Webster]
Rat"-tailed`(r, a.(Zo\'94l.)Having a long, tapering tail like that of a rat. 1913 Webster]
Rat-tailed larva(Zo\'94l.), the larva of a fly of the genus Eristalis. See Eristalis. --
Rat-tailed serpent(Zo\'94l.), the fer-de-lance. --
Rat-tailed shrew(Zo\'94l.), the musk shrew. 1913 Webster]
Rat*tan"(r, n.[Malay r.][Written also ratan.](Bot.)One of the long slender flexible stems of several species of palms of the genus Calamus, mostly East Indian, though some are African and Australian. They are exceedingly tough, and are used for walking sticks, wickerwork, chairs and seats of chairs, cords and cordage, and many other purposes. 1913 Webster]
Rat"ten(r, v. t.[Prov. E. ratten a rat, hence the verb literally means, to do mischief like a rat.]To deprive feloniously of the tools used in one's employment (as by breaking or stealing them), for the purpose of annoying; as, to ratten a mechanic who works during a strike. [Trades-union Cant] J. McCarthy. 1913 Webster]
Rat"ter(r, n.1.One who, or that which, rats, as one who deserts his party. 1913 Webster]
2.Anything which catches rats; esp., a dog trained to catch rats; a rat terrier. See Terrier. 1913 Webster]
Rat`ti*net"(-t, n.A woolen stuff thinner than ratteen. 1913 Webster]
Rat"ting(r, n.1.The conduct or practices of one who rats. See Rat, v. i., 1.Sydney Smith. 1913 Webster]
2.The low sport of setting a dog upon rats confined in a pit to see how many he will kill in a given time. 1913 Webster]
Rat"tle(r, v. i.[imp. & p. p.Rattled(-t'ld); p. pr. & vb. n.Rattling(-tl.][Akin to D. ratelen, G. rasseln, AS. hr\'91tele a rattle, in hr\'91telwyrt rattlewort; cf. Gr. kradai`nein to swing, wave. Cf. Rail a bird.]1.To make a quick succession of sharp, inharmonious noises, as by the collision of hard and not very sonorous bodies shaken together; to clatter. 1913 Webster]
And the rude hail in rattling tempest forms.Addison. 1913 Webster]
'T was but the wind, rattling o'er the stony street.Byron. 1913 Webster]
<-- p. 1192 pr=vmg -->
2.To drive or ride briskly, so as to make a clattering; as, we rattled along for a couple of miles. [Colloq.] 1913 Webster]
3.To make a clatter with the voice; to talk rapidly and idly; to clatter; -- with on or away; as, she rattled on for an hour. [Colloq.] 1913 Webster]
Rat"tle(r, v. t.1.To cause to make a rattling or clattering sound; as, to rattle a chain. 1913 Webster]
2.To assail, annoy, or stun with a rattling noise. 1913 Webster]
Sound but another [drum], and another shall rattle the welkin's ear.Shak. 1913 Webster]
3.Hence, to disconcert; to confuse; as, to rattle one's judgment; to rattle a player in a game. [Colloq.] 1913 Webster]
4.To scold; to rail at.L'Estrange. 1913 Webster]
To rattle off. (a)To tell glibly or noisily; as, to rattle off a story.(b)To rail at; to scold. \'bdShe would sometimes rattle off her servants sharply.\'b8 Arbuthnot. 1913 Webster]
Rat"tle, n.1.A rapid succession of sharp, clattering sounds; as, the rattle of a drum.Prior. 1913 Webster]
2.Noisy, rapid talk. 1913 Webster]
All this ado about the golden age is but an empty rattle and frivolous conceit.Hakewill. 1913 Webster]
3.An instrument with which a rattling sound is made; especially, a child's toy that rattles when shaken. 1913 Webster]
The rattles of Isis and the cymbals of Brasilea nearly enough resemble each other.Sir W. Raleigh. 1913 Webster]
Pleased with a rattle, tickled with a straw.Pope. 1913 Webster]
4.A noisy, senseless talker; a jabberer. 1913 Webster]
It may seem strange that a man who wrote with so much perspicuity, vivacity, and grace, should have been, whenever he took a part in conversation, an empty, noisy, blundering rattle.Macaulay. 1913 Webster]
5.A scolding; a sharp rebuke. [Obs.] Heylin. 1913 Webster]
6.(Zo\'94l.)Any organ of an animal having a structure adapted to produce a rattling sound. 1913 Webster]
rattle of a rattlesnake is composed of the hardened terminal scales, loosened in succession, but not cast off, and so modified in form as to make a series of loose, hollow joints. 1913 Webster]
7.The noise in the throat produced by the air in passing through mucus which the lungs are unable to expel; -- chiefly observable at the approach of death, when it is called the death rattle. See R. 1913 Webster]
To spring a rattle, to cause it to sound. --
Yellow rattle(Bot.), a yellow-flowered herb (Rhinanthus Crista-galli), the ripe seeds of which rattle in the inflated calyx. 1913 Webster]
Rat"tle*box`(r, n.1.A toy that makes a rattling sound; a rattle. 1913 Webster]
2.(Bot.)(a)An American herb (Crotalaria sagittalis), the seeds of which, when ripe, rattle in the inflated pod.(b)Any species of Crotalaria, a genus of yellow-flowered herbs, with inflated, many-seeded pods. 1913 Webster]
Rat"tle-pat`ed, a.Rattle-headed. \'bdA noisy, rattle-pated fellow.\'b8 W. Irving. 1913 Webster]
Rat"tler(r, n.One who, or that which, rattles. 1913 Webster]
Rat"tle*snake`(r, n.(Zo\'94l.)Any one of several species of venomous American snakes belonging to the genera Crotalus and Caudisona, or Sistrurus; sometimes also called rattler. They have a series of horny interlocking joints at the end of the tail which make a sharp rattling sound when shaken. The common rattlesnake of the Northern United States (Crotalus horridus), and the diamondback rattlesnake (also called diamondback rattler, and diamondback) of the South and East (Crotalus adamanteus) and West (Crotalus atrox), are the best known. See Illust. of Fang. 1913 Webster +PJC]
Ground rattlesnake(Zo\'94l.), a small rattlesnake (Caudisona miliaria or Sistrurus miliaria) of the Southern United States, having a small rattle. It has nine large scales on its head. --
Rattlesnake fern(Bot.), a common American fern (Botrychium Virginianum) having a triangular decompound frond and a long-stalked panicle of spore cases rising from the middle of the frond. --
Rattlesnake grass(Bot.), a handsome American grass (Glyceria Canadensis) with an ample panicle of rather large ovate spikelets, each one composed of imbricated parts and slightly resembling the rattle of the rattlesnake. Sometimes called quaking grass. --
Rattlesnake plantain(Bot.), See under Plantain. --
Rattlesnake root(Bot.), a name given to certain American species of the composite genus Prenanthes (Prenanthes alba and Prenanthes serpentaria), formerly asserted to cure the bite of the rattlesnake. Called also lion's foot, gall of the earth, and white lettuce. --
Rattlesnake's master(Bot.)(a)A species of Agave (Agave Virginica) growing in the Southern United States. (b)An umbelliferous plant (Eryngium yucc\'91folium) with large bristly-fringed linear leaves. (c)A composite plant, the blazing star (Liatris squarrosa). --
Rattlesnake weed(Bot.), a plant of the composite genus Hieracium (Hieracium venosum); -- probably so named from its spotted leaves. See also Snakeroot. 1913 Webster]
Rat"tle*trap`(-tr, n.Any machine or vehicle that does not run smoothly. [Colloq.] A. Trollope. 1913 Webster]
Rat"tle*weed`(-w, n.(Bot.)Any plant of the genus Astragalus. See Milk vetch. 1913 Webster]
Rat"tle*wort`(-w, n.[AS. hr\'91telwyrt.](Bot.)Same as Rattlebox. 1913 Webster]
Rat"tlings(r, n. pl.(Naut.)Ratlines. 1913 Webster]
Rat*toon"(r, n.[Sp. reto\'a4o.]One of the stems or shoots of sugar cane of the second year's growth from the root, or later. See Plant-cane. 1913 Webster]
Rat*toon", v. i.[imp. & p. p.Rattooned(-t; p. pr. & vb. n.Rattooning.][Cf. Sp. reto\'a4ar.]To sprout or spring up from the root, as sugar cane from the root of the previous year's planting. 1913 Webster]
Rau"ci*ty(r, n.[L. raucitas, from raucus hoarse: cf. F. raucit\'82.]Harshness of sound; rough utterance; hoarseness; as, the raucity of a trumpet, or of the human voice. 1913 Webster]
Rav"age(r, n.[F., fr. (assumed) L. rapagium, rapaticum, fr. rapere to carry off by force, to ravish. See Rapacious, Ravish.]Desolation by violence; violent ruin or destruction; devastation; havoc; waste; as, the ravage of a lion; the ravages of fire or tempest; the ravages of an army, or of time. 1913 Webster]
Would one think 't were possible for love ravage in a noble soul?Addison. 1913 Webster]
Rav"age, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Ravaged(r; p. pr. & vb. n.Ravaging(r.][F. ravager. See Ravage, n.]To lay waste by force; to desolate by violence; to commit havoc or devastation upon; to spoil; to plunder; to consume. 1913 Webster]
Already C\'91sar ravaged more than half the globe.Addison. 1913 Webster]
His lands were daily ravaged, his cattle driven away.Macaulay. 1913 Webster]
Rav"a*ger(-, n.One who, or that which, ravages or lays waste; spoiler. 1913 Webster]
Rave(r, obs. imp. of Rive. 1913 Webster]
Rave, n.[Prov. E. raves, or rathes, a frame laid on a wagon, for carrying hay, etc.]One of the upper side pieces of the frame of a wagon body or a sleigh. 1913 Webster]
Rave(r, v. i.[imp. & p. p.Raved(r; p. pr. & vb. n.Raving.][F. r\'88ver to rave, to be delirious, to dream; perhaps fr. L. rabere to rave, rage, be mad or furious. Cf. Rage, Reverie.]1.To wander in mind or intellect; to be delirious; to talk or act irrationally; to be wild, furious, or raging, as a madman. 1913 Webster]
In our madness evermore we rave.Chaucer. 1913 Webster]
Have I not cause to rave and beat my breast?Addison. 1913 Webster]
The mingled torrent of redcoats and tartans went raving down the valley to the gorge of Killiecrankie.Macaulay. 1913 Webster]
2.To rush wildly or furiously.Spenser. 1913 Webster]
3.To talk with unreasonable enthusiasm or excessive passion or excitement; -- followed by about, of, or on; as, he raved about her beauty. 1913 Webster]
The hallowed scene rave of, though they know it not.Byron. 1913 Webster]
Rave, v. t.To utter in madness or frenzy; to say wildly; as, to rave nonsense.Young. 1913 Webster]
Rave, n.1.An instance of raving. PJC]
2.A highly flattering or enthusiastic review of a play, book, etc. PJC]
3.A clamorous dance party, especially one featuring a band or disc jockey playing loud modern rock music oriented toward young people, held in a large room such as a warehouse, often organized by an informal or ad hoc sponsor. [originally British slang] PJC]
Rave"hook(r, n.(Shipbuilding)A tool, hooked at the end, for enlarging or clearing seams for the reception of oakum. 1913 Webster]
Rav"el(r, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Raveled(-'ld) or Ravelled; p. pr. & vb. n.Raveling or Ravelling.][OD. ravelen, D. rafelen, akin to LG. rebeln, rebbeln, reffeln.]1.To separate or undo the texture of; to unravel; to take apart; to untwist; to unweave or unknit; -- often followed by out; as, to ravel a twist; to ravel out a stocking. 1913 Webster]
Sleep, that knits up the raveled sleave of care.Shak. 1913 Webster]
2.To undo the intricacies of; to disentangle. 1913 Webster]
3.To pull apart, as the threads of a texture, and let them fall into a tangled mass; hence, to entangle; to make intricate; to involve. 1913 Webster]
What glory's due to him that could divide raveled interests? has the knot untied?Waller. 1913 Webster]
The faith of very many men seems a duty so weak and indifferent, is so often untwisted by violence, or raveled and entangled in weak discourses!Jer. Taylor. 1913 Webster]
Rav"el, v. i.1.To become untwisted or unwoven; to be disentangled; to be relieved of intricacy. 1913 Webster]
2.To fall into perplexity and confusion. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
Till, by their own perplexities involved, ravel more, still less resolved.Milton. 1913 Webster]
3.To make investigation or search, as by picking out the threads of a woven pattern. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
The humor of raveling into all these mystical or entangled matters.Sir W. Temple. 1913 Webster]
Rav"el*er(-, n.[Also raveller.]One who ravels. 1913 Webster]
Rave"lin(r, n.[F.; cf. Sp. rebellin, It. revellino, rivellino; perhaps fr. L. re- again + vallum wall.](Fort.)A detached work with two embankments which make a salient angle. It is raised before the curtain on the counterscarp of the place. Formerly called demilune and half-moon. 1913 Webster]
Rav"el*ing(r, n.[Also ravelling.]1.The act of untwisting or of disentangling. 1913 Webster]
2.That which is raveled out; esp., a thread detached from a texture. 1913 Webster]
Ra"ven(r, n.[AS. hr\'91fn; akin to D. raaf, G. rabe, OHG. hraban, Icel. hrafn, Dan. ravn, and perhaps to L. corvus, Gr. ko`rax. (Zo\'94l.)A large black passerine bird (Corvus corax), similar to the crow, but larger, and has a harsh, loud call. It is native of the northern parts of Europe, Asia and America, and is noted for its sagacity. 1913 Webster]
Sea raven(Zo\'94l.), the cormorant. 1913 Webster]
Ra"ven, a.Of the color of the raven; jet black; as, raven curls; raven darkness. 1913 Webster]
<-- raven-haired --> 1913 Webster]
Rav"en(r, n.[OF. ravine impetuosity, violence, F. ravine ravine. See Ravine, Rapine.][Written also ravin, and ravine.]1.Rapine; rapacity.Ray. 1913 Webster]
2.Prey; plunder; food obtained by violence. 1913 Webster]
Rav"en, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Ravened(r; p. pr. & vb. n.Ravening.][Written also ravin, and ravine.] 1913 Webster]
1.To obtain or seize by violence.Hakewill. 1913 Webster]
2.To devour with great eagerness. 1913 Webster]
Like rats that ravin down their proper bane.Shak. 1913 Webster]
Rav"en, v. i.To prey with rapacity; to be greedy; to show rapacity.[Written also ravin, and ravine.] 1913 Webster]
Benjamin shall raven as a wolf.Gen. xlix. 27. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Rav`e*na"la(r, n.[Malagasy.](Bot.)A genus of plants related to the banana. 1913 Webster]
Ravenala Madagascariensis, the principal species, is an unbranched tree with immense oarlike leaves growing alternately from two sides of the stem. The sheathing bases of the leafstalks collect and retain rain water, which flows freely when they are pierced with a knife, whence the plant is called traveler's tree. 1913 Webster]
Rav"en*er(r, n.1.One who, or that which, ravens or plunders.Gower. 1913 Webster]
2.A bird of prey, as the owl or vulture. [Obs.] Holland. 1913 Webster]
Rav"en*ing, n.Eagerness for plunder; rapacity; extortion.Luke xi. 39. 1913 Webster]
Rav"en*ous(r, a.[From 2d Raven.]1.Devouring with rapacious eagerness; furiously voracious; hungry even to rage; as, a ravenous wolf or vulture. 1913 Webster]
2.Eager for prey or gratification; as, a ravenous appetite or desire. 1913 Webster]
-- Rav"en*ous*ly, adv. -- Rav"en*ous*ness, n. 1913 Webster]
Ra"ven's-duck`(r, n.[Cf. G. ravenstuch.]A fine quality of sailcloth.Ham. Nav. Encyc. 1913 Webster]
Rav"er(r, n.One who raves. 1913 Webster]
Rav"in(r, a.Ravenous. [Obs.] Shak. 1913 Webster]
{ Rav"in, Rav"ine }(r, n.[See 2d Raven.]Food obtained by violence; plunder; prey; raven. \'bdFowls of ravyne.\'b8 Chaucer. 1913 Webster]
Though Nature, red in tooth and claw ravine, shrieked against his creed.Tennyson.
<-- famous quote from In memoriam, 56, st. 4 --> 1913 Webster]
{ Rav"in, Rav"ine, }v. t. & i.See Raven, v. t. & i. 1913 Webster]
Ra*vine"(r, n.[F., a place excavated by a torrent, a ravine, fr. ravir to snatch or tear away, L. rapere; cf. L. rapina rapine. See Ravish, and cf. Rapine, Raven prey.]1.A torrent of water. [Obs.] Cotgrave. 1913 Webster]
2.A deep and narrow hollow, usually worn by a stream or torrent of water; a gorge; a mountain cleft. 1913 Webster]
Rav"ing(r, a.Talking irrationally and wildly; as, a raving lunatic. -- Rav"ing*ly, adv. 1913 Webster]
Rav"ish(r, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Ravished(-; p. pr. & vb. n.Ravishing.][OE. ravissen, F. ravir, fr. L. rapere to snatch or tear away, to ravish. See Rapacious, Rapid, and -ish.]1.To seize and carry away by violence; to snatch by force. 1913 Webster]
These hairs which thou dost ravish from my chin Shak. 1913 Webster]
This hand shall ravish thy pretended right.Dryden. 1913 Webster]
2.To transport with joy or delight; to delight to ecstasy. \'bdRavished . . . for the joy.\'b8 Chaucer. 1913 Webster]
Thou hast ravished my heart.Cant. iv. 9. 1913 Webster]
3.To have carnal knowledge of (a woman) by force, and against her consent; to rape.Shak. 1913 Webster]
Rav"ish*ing*ly, adv.In a ravishing manner. 1913 Webster]
Rav"ish*ment(-m, n.[F. ravissement. See Ravish.] 1913 Webster]
1.The act of carrying away by force or against consent; abduction; as, the ravishment of children from their parents, of a ward from his guardian, or of a wife from her husband.Blackstone. 1913 Webster]
2.The state of being ravished; rapture; transport of delight; ecstasy.Spenser. 1913 Webster]
In whose sight all things joy, with ravishment Milton. 1913 Webster]
3.The act of ravishing a woman; rape. 1913 Webster]
Rav"is*sant(r, a.[F.](Her.)In a half-raised position, as if about to spring on prey. 1913 Webster]
<-- p. 1193 pr=vmg -->
Raw(r, a.[Compar.Rawer(r; superl.Rawest.][AS. hre\'a0w; akin to D. raauw, LG. rau, G. roh, OHG. r, Icel. hr\'ber, Dan. raa, Sw. r\'86, L. crudus, Gr. kre`as flesh, Skr. kravis raw flesh. Crude, Cruel.]1.Not altered from its natural state; not prepared by the action of heat; as, raw sienna;specifically,not cooked; not changed by heat to a state suitable for eating; not done; as, raw meat. 1913 Webster]
2.Hence: Unprepared for use or enjoyment; immature; unripe; unseasoned; inexperienced; unpracticed; untried; as, raw soldiers; a raw recruit. 1913 Webster]
Approved himself to the raw judgment of the multitude.De Quincey. 1913 Webster]
3.Not worked in due form; in the natural state; untouched by art; unwrought. Specifically: (a)Not distilled; as, raw water. [Obs.] Bacon.(b)Not spun or twisted; as, raw silk or cotton.(c)Not mixed or diluted; as, raw spirits.(d)Not tried; not melted and strained; as, raw tallow.(e)Not tanned; as, raw hides.(f)Not trimmed, covered, or folded under; as, the raw edge of a piece of metal or of cloth. 1913 Webster]
4.Not covered; bare. Specifically: (a)Bald. [Obs.] \'bdWith skull all raw.\'b8 Spenser(b)Deprived of skin; galled; as, a raw sore.(c)Sore, as if by being galled. 1913 Webster]
And all his sinews waxen weak and raw Spenser. 1913 Webster]
5.Disagreeably damp or cold; chilly; bleak; as, a raw wind. \'bdA raw and gusty day.\'b8 Shak. 1913 Webster]
Raw material, material that has not been subjected to a (specified) process of manufacture; as, ore is the raw material used in smelting; leather is the raw material of the shoe industry. --
Raw pig, cast iron as it comes from the smelting furnace. 1913 Webster]
Raw, n.A raw, sore, or galled place; a sensitive spot; as, to touch one on the raw. 1913 Webster]
Like savage hackney coachmen, they know where there is a raw.De Quincey. 1913 Webster]
And spoiling all her gears and goodly ray.Spenser. 1913 Webster]
Ray, n.[OF. rai, F. rais, fr. L. radius a beam or ray, staff, rod, spoke of a wheel. Cf. Radius.]1.One of a number of lines or parts diverging from a common point or center, like the radii of a circle; as, a star of six rays. 1913 Webster]
2.(Bot.)A radiating part of a flower or plant; the marginal florets of a compound flower, as an aster or a sunflower; one of the pedicels of an umbel or other circular flower cluster; radius. See Radius. 1913 Webster]
3.(Zo\'94l.)(a)One of the radiating spines, or cartilages, supporting the fins of fishes.(b)One of the spheromeres of a radiate, especially one of the arms of a starfish or an ophiuran. 1913 Webster]
4.(Physics)(a)A line of light or heat proceeding from a radiant or reflecting point; a single element of light or heat propagated continuously; as, a solar ray; a polarized ray.(b)One of the component elements of the total radiation from a body; any definite or limited portion of the spectrum; as, the red ray; the violet ray. See Illust. under Light. 1913 Webster]
5.Sight; perception; vision; -- from an old theory of vision, that sight was something which proceeded from the eye to the object seen. 1913 Webster]
All eyes direct their rays Pope. 1913 Webster]
6.(Geom.)One of a system of diverging lines passing through a point, and regarded as extending indefinitely in both directions. See Half-ray. 1913 Webster]
Bundle of rays. (Geom.)See Pencil of rays, below. --
Extraordinary ray(Opt.), that one of two parts of a ray divided by double refraction which does not follow the ordinary law of refraction. --
Ordinary ray(Opt.)that one of the two parts of a ray divided by double refraction which follows the usual or ordinary law of refraction. --
Pencil of rays(Geom.), a definite system of rays. --
Ray flower, or
Ray floret(Bot.), one of the marginal flowers of the capitulum in such composite plants as the aster, goldenrod, daisy, and sunflower. They have an elongated, strap-shaped corolla, while the corollas of the disk flowers are tubular and five-lobed. --
Ray point(Geom.), the common point of a pencil of rays. --
R\'94ntgen ray(r(Phys.), a kind of ray generated in a very highly exhausted vacuum tube by the electrical discharge; now more commonly called X-ray. It is composed of electromagnetic radiation of wavelength shorter than that of ultraviolet light, and is capable of passing through many bodies opaque to light, and producing photographic and fluorescent effects by which means pictures showing the internal structure of opaque objects are made, called radiographs, sciagraphs, X-ray photographs, radiograms, or X-rays. So called from the discoverer, W. C. R\'94ntgen. --
X ray, the R\'94ntgen ray; -- so called by its discoverer because of its enigmatical character, x being an algebraic symbol for an unknown quantity. 1913 Webster +PJC]
Ray, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Rayed(r; p. pr. & vb. n.Raying.][Cf. OF. raier, raiier, rayer, L. radiare to irradiate. See Ray, n., and cf. Radiate.]1.To mark with long lines; to streak. [Obs.] Chaucer. 1913 Webster]
2.[From Ray, n.]To send forth or shoot out; to cause to shine out; as, to ray smiles. [R.] Thomson. 1913 Webster]
Ray, v. i.To shine, as with rays.Mrs. Browning. 1913 Webster]
Ray, n.[F. raie, L. raia. Cf. Roach.](Zo\'94l.)(a)Any one of numerous elasmobranch fishes of the order Rai\'91, including the skates, torpedoes, sawfishes, etc.(b)In a restricted sense, any of the broad, flat, narrow-tailed species, as the skates and sting rays. See Skate. 1913 Webster]
Bishop ray, a yellow-spotted, long-tailed eagle ray (Stoasodon n\'85rinari) of the Southern United States and the West Indies. --
Butterfly ray, a short-tailed American sting ray (Pteroplatea Maclura), having very broad pectoral fins. --
Devil ray. See Sea Devil. --
Eagle ray, any large ray of the family Myliobatid\'91, or \'92tobatid\'91. The common European species (Myliobatis aquila) is called also whip ray, and miller. --
Electric ray, or
Cramp ray, a torpedo. --
Starry ray, a common European skate (Raia radiata). --
Sting ray, any one of numerous species of rays of the family Trygonid\'91 having one or more large, sharp, barbed dorsal spines on the whiplike tail. Called also stingaree. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Ra"yah(r, n.[Ar. ra'iyah a herd, a subject, fr. ra'a to pasture, guard.]A person not a Mohammedan, who pays the capitation tax. [Turkey.] 1913 Webster]
Ray" grass`(r. [Etymol. of ray is uncertain.](Bot.)A perennial European grass (Lolium perenne); -- called also rye grass, and red darnel. See Darnel, and Grass. 1913 Webster]
Italian ray grass or
Italian rye grass. See Darnel, and Grass. 1913 Webster]
Ray"less(r, a.Destitute of rays; hence, dark; not illuminated; blind; as, a rayless sky; rayless eyes. 1913 Webster]
Ray"on(r, n.1.A synthetic fiber, made of thin filaments of regenerated cellulose, extruded from a solution of viscose. Called also viscose fiber and viscose rayon fiber. PJC]
2.a textile fabric made from rayon{1}. PJC]
Ray"on*nant(r, a.[F.](Her.)Darting forth rays, as the sun when it shines out. 1913 Webster]
Raze(r, n.[See Race.]A Shakespearean word (used once) supposed to mean the same as race, a root. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
Raze, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Razed(r; p. pr. & vb. n.Razing.][F. raser. See Rase, v. t.][Written also rase.]1.To erase; to efface; to obliterate. 1913 Webster]
Razing the characters of your renown.Shak. 1913 Webster]
2.To subvert from the foundation; to lay level with the ground; to overthrow; to destroy; to demolish. 1913 Webster]
The royal hand that razed unhappy Troy.Dryden. 1913 Webster]
Syn. -- To demolish; level; prostrate; overthrow; subvert; destroy; ruin. See Demolish. 1913 Webster]
Razed(r, a.Slashed or striped in patterns. [Obs.] \'bdTwo Provincial roses on my razed shoes.\'b8 Shak. 1913 Webster]
Ra*zee"(r, n.[F. vaisseau ras\'82, fr. raser to raze, to cut down ships. See Raze, v. t., Rase, v. t.](Naut.)An armed ship having her upper deck cut away, and thus reduced to the next inferior rate, as a seventy-four cut down to a frigate.Totten. 1913 Webster]
Ra*zee", v. t.[imp. & p. p.Razeed(r; p. pr. & vb. n.Razeeing.]To cut down to a less number of decks, and thus to an inferior rate or class, as a ship; hence, to prune or abridge by cutting off or retrenching parts; as, to razee a book, or an article. 1913 Webster]
Ra"zor(r, n.[OE. rasour, OF. rasur, LL. rasor: cf. F. rasoir, LL. rasorium. See Raze, v. t., Rase, v. t.]1.A keen-edged knife of peculiar shape, used in shaving the hair from the face or the head; also called a straight razor. \'bdTake thee a barber's razor.\'b8 Ezek. v. 1. 1913 Webster]
2.a device used for shaving, having a replaceable blade with a very sharp edge; also called safety razor. Also a similar device, made of plastic, in which the blade is neither replaceable nor can be sharpened, intended to be discarded after the blade dulls -- called a disposable razor. PJC]
3.(Zo\'94l.)A tusk of a wild boar. 1913 Webster]
Razor fish. (Zo\'94l.)(a)A small Mediterranean fish (Coryph\'91na novacula), prized for the table. (b)The razor shell. --
Razor grass(Bot.), a West Indian plant (Scleria scindens), the triangular stem and the leaves of which are edged with minute sharp teeth. --
Razor grinder(Zo\'94l.), the European goat-sucker. --
Razor shell(Zo\'94l.), any marine bivalve shell belonging to Solen and allied genera, especially Solen ensis (or Ensatella ensis), and Solen Americana, which have a long, narrow, somewhat curved shell, resembling a razor handle in shape. Called also razor clam, razor fish, knife handle. --
Razor stone. Same as Novaculite. --
Razor strap, or
razor strop, a strap or strop used in sharpening razors.<-- ##?? safety razor; disposable razor; electric razor --> 1913 Webster]
Ra"zor*a*ble(r, a.Ready for the razor; fit to be shaved. [R.] Shak. 1913 Webster]
Ra"zor-backed"(-b, a.(Zo\'94l.)Having a sharp, lean, or thin back; as, a razor-backed hog, perch, etc. 1913 Webster]
Ra"zor*bill`(-b, n.(Zo\'94l.)(a)A species of auk (Alca torda) common in the Arctic seas. See Auk, and Illust. in Appendix.(b)See Cutwater, 3. 1913 Webster]
ra"zor-edgeda.having an edge as sharp as that of a razor; very sharp. PJC]
ra"zor-thina.as thin as a razor blade; very thin. PJC]
Ra"zure(r, n.[See Rasure.]1.The act of erasing or effacing, or the state of being effaced; obliteration. See Rasure. 1913 Webster]
2.An erasure; a change made by erasing. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Raz"zi*a(r, n.[F., fr. Ar. gh\'bez\'c6a (pron. razia in Algeria).]A plundering and destructive incursion; a foray; a raid. 1913 Webster]
Re-(r. [L. re-, older form (retained before vowels) red-: cf. F. re-, r\'82-.]A prefix signifying back, against, again, anew; as, recline, to lean back; recall, to call back; recede; remove; reclaim, to call out against; repugn, to fight against; recognition, a knowing again; rejoin, to join again; reiterate; reassure. Combinations containing the prefix re- are readily formed, and are for the most part of obvious signification. 1913 Webster]
Re(r. [It.](Mus.)A syllable applied in solmization to the second tone of the diatonic scale of C; in the American system, to the second tone of any diatonic scale. 1913 Webster]
Re`ab*sorb"(r, v. t.To absorb again; to draw in, or imbibe, again what has been effused, extravasated, or thrown off; to swallow up again; as, to reabsorb chyle, lymph, etc.; -- used esp. of fluids. 1913 Webster]
Re`ab*sorp"tion(r, n.The act or process of reabsorbing. 1913 Webster]
Re`ac*cess"(r, n.A second access or approach; a return.Hakewill. 1913 Webster]
Re`ac*cuse"(r, v. t.To accuse again.Cheyne. 1913 Webster]
Reach(r, v. i.To retch.Cheyne. 1913 Webster]
Reach, n.An effort to vomit. [R.] 1913 Webster]
Reach, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Reached(r (Raught, the old preterit, is obsolete); p. pr. & vb. n.Reaching.][OE. rechen, AS. r, r, to extend, stretch out; akin to D. reiken, G. reichen, and possibly to AS. r\'c6ce powerful, rich, E. rich. 1.To extend; to stretch; to thrust out; to put forth, as a limb, a member, something held, or the like. 1913 Webster]
Her tresses yellow, and long straughten, raughten.Rom. of R. 1913 Webster]
Reach hither thy hand and thrust it into my side.John xx. 27. 1913 Webster]
Fruit trees, over woody, reached too far Milton. 1913 Webster]
2.Hence, to deliver by stretching out a member, especially the hand; to give with the hand; to pass to another; to hand over; as, to reach one a book. 1913 Webster]
He reached me a full cup.2 Esd. xiv. 39. 1913 Webster]
3.To attain or obtain by stretching forth the hand; to extend some part of the body, or something held by one, so as to touch, strike, grasp, or the like; as, to reach an object with the hand, or with a spear. 1913 Webster]
O patron power, . . . thy present aid afford, reach the beast.Dryden. 1913 Webster]
4.To strike, hit, or touch with a missile; as, to reach an object with an arrow, a bullet, or a shell. 1913 Webster]
5.Hence, to extend an action, effort, or influence to; to penetrate to; to pierce, or cut, as far as. 1913 Webster]
If these examples of grown men reach not the case of children, let them examine.Locke. 1913 Webster]
6.To extend to; to stretch out as far as; to touch by virtue of extent; as, his land reaches the river. 1913 Webster]
Thy desire . . . leads to no excess reaches blame.Milton. 1913 Webster]
7.To arrive at; to come to; to get as far as. 1913 Webster]
Before this letter reaches your hands.Pope. 1913 Webster]
8.To arrive at by effort of any kind; to attain to; to gain; to be advanced to. 1913 Webster]
The best account of the appearances of nature which human penetration can reach, comes short of its reality.Cheyne. 1913 Webster]
9.To understand; to comprehend. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
Do what, sir? I reach you not.Beau. & Fl. 1913 Webster]
10.To overreach; to deceive. [Obs.] South. 1913 Webster]
Reach, v. i.1.To stretch out the hand. 1913 Webster]
Goddess humane, reach, then, and freely taste!Milton. 1913 Webster]
2.To strain after something; to make efforts. 1913 Webster]
Reaching above our nature does no good.Dryden. 1913 Webster]
3.To extend in dimension, time, amount, action, influence, etc., so as to touch, attain to, or be equal to, something. 1913 Webster]
And behold, a ladder set upon the earth, and the top of it reached to heaven.Gen. xxviii. 12. 1913 Webster]
The new world reaches quite across the torrid zone.Boyle. 1913 Webster]
4.(Naut.)To sail on the wind, as from one point of tacking to another, or with the wind nearly abeam. 1913 Webster]
To reach afteror
To reach foror
To reach at, to make efforts to attain to or obtain. 1913 Webster]
He would be in the posture of the mind reaching after a positive idea of infinity.Locke. 1913 Webster]
Reach, n.1.The act of stretching or extending; extension; power of reaching or touching with the person, or a limb, or something held or thrown; as, the fruit is beyond my reach; to be within reach of cannon shot. 1913 Webster]
2.The power of stretching out or extending action, influence, or the like; power of attainment or management; extent of force or capacity. 1913 Webster]
Drawn by others who had deeper reaches than themselves to matters which they least intended.Hayward. 1913 Webster]
Be sure yourself and your own reach to know.Pope. 1913 Webster]
And on the left hand, hell, reach, interposed.Milton. 1913 Webster]
I am to pray you not to strain my speech reach Shak. 1913 Webster]
4.An extended portion of land or water; a stretch; a straight portion of a stream or river, as from one turn to another; a level stretch, as between locks in a canal; an arm of the sea extending up into the land. \'bdThe river's wooded reach.\'b8 Tennyson. 1913 Webster]
The coast . . . is very full of creeks and reaches.Holland. 1913 Webster]
5.An artifice to obtain an advantage. 1913 Webster]
The Duke of Parma had particular reaches and ends of his own underhand to cross the design.Bacon. 1913 Webster]
6.The pole or rod which connects the hind axle with the forward bolster of a wagon. 1913 Webster]
Reach"a*ble(-, a.Being within reach. 1913 Webster]
Unto a reachless pitch of praises hight.Bp. Hall. 1913 Webster]
Re*act"(r, v. t.To act or perform a second time; to do over again; to reenact; as, to react a play; the same scenes were reacted at Rome. 1913 Webster]
Re*act"(r, v. i.1.To return an impulse or impression; to resist the action of another body by an opposite force; as, every body reacts on the body that impels it from its natural state. 1913 Webster]
<-- p. 1194 pr=vmg -->
2.To act upon each other; to exercise a reciprocal or a reverse effect, as two or more chemical agents; to act in opposition. 1913 Webster]
Re*act"ance(r, n.[React + -ance.](Elec.)The influence of a coil of wire upon an alternating current passing through it, tending to choke or diminish the current, or the similar influence of a condenser; inductive resistance. Reactance is measured in ohms. The reactance of a circuit is equal to the component of the impressed electro-motive force at right angles to the current divided by the current, that is, the component of the impedance due to the self-inductance or capacity of the circuit. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Re*ac"tion(r, n.[Cf. F. r\'82action.]1.Any action in resisting other action or force; counter tendency; movement in a contrary direction; reverse action. 1913 Webster]
2.(Chem.)The mutual or reciprocal action of chemical agents upon each other, or the action upon such chemical agents of some form of energy, as heat, light, or electricity, resulting in a chemical change in one or more of these agents, with the production of new compounds or the manifestation of distinctive characters. See Blowpipe reaction, Flame reaction, under Blowpipe, and Flame. 1913 Webster]
3.(Med.)An action induced by vital resistance to some other action; depression or exhaustion of vital force consequent on overexertion or overstimulation; heightened activity and overaction succeeding depression or shock. 1913 Webster]
4.(Mech.)The force which a body subjected to the action of a force from another body exerts upon the latter body in the opposite direction. 1913 Webster]
Reaction is always equal and opposite to action, that is to say, the actions of two bodies upon each other are always equal and in opposite directions.Sir I. Newton (3d Law of Motion). 1913 Webster]
5.(Politics)Backward tendency or movement after revolution, reform, or great progress in any direction. 1913 Webster]
The new king had, at the very moment at which his fame and fortune reached the highest point, predicted the coming reaction.Macaulay. 1913 Webster]
6.(Psycophysics)A regular or characteristic response to a stimulation of the nerves. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
7.An action by a person or people in response to an event. The reaction may be primarily mental (\'bd a reaction of surprise\'b8) but is usually manifested by some activity. PJC]
Reaction time(Physiol.), in nerve physiology, the interval between the application of a stimulus to an end organ of sense and the reaction or resulting movement; -- called also physiological time. --
Reaction wheel(Mech.), a water wheel driven by the reaction of water, usually one in which the water, entering it centrally, escapes at its periphery in a direction opposed to that of its motion by orifices at right angles, or inclined, to its radii. 1913 Webster]
Re*act"ive(r, a.[Cf. F. r\'82actif.]Having power to react; tending to reaction; of the nature of reaction. -- Re*act"ive*ly, adv. -- Re*act"ive*ness, n. 1913 Webster]
Read(r, n.Rennet. See 3d Reed. [Prov. Eng.] 1913 Webster]
Read(r, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Read(r; p. pr. & vb. n.Reading.][OE. reden, r\'91den, AS. r to read, advise, counsel, fr. r advice, counsel, r (imperf. reord) to advise, counsel, guess; akin to D. raden to advise, G. raten, rathen, Icel. r\'be, Goth. r (in comp.), and perh. also to Skr. r\'bedh to succeed. Riddle.]1.To advise; to counsel. [Obs.] See Rede. 1913 Webster]
Therefore, I read thee, get thee to God's word, and thereby try all doctrine.Tyndale. 1913 Webster]
2.To interpret; to explain; as, to read a riddle. 1913 Webster]
3.To tell; to declare; to recite. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
But read how art thou named, and of what kin.Spenser. 1913 Webster]
4.To go over, as characters or words, and utter aloud, or recite to one's self inaudibly; to take in the sense of, as of language, by interpreting the characters with which it is expressed; to peruse; as, to read a discourse; to read the letters of an alphabet; to read figures; to read the notes of music, or to read music; to read a book. 1913 Webster]
Redeth [read ye] the great poet of Itaille.Chaucer. 1913 Webster]
Well could he rede a lesson or a story.Chaucer. 1913 Webster]
5.Hence, to know fully; to comprehend. 1913 Webster]
Who is't can read a woman?Shak. 1913 Webster]
6.To discover or understand by characters, marks, features, etc.; to learn by observation. 1913 Webster]
An armed corse did lie, read great magnanimity.Spenser. 1913 Webster]
Those about her read the perfect ways of honor.Shak. 1913 Webster]
7.To make a special study of, as by perusing textbooks; as, to read theology or law. 1913 Webster]
To read one's self in, to read aloud the Thirty-nine Articles and the Declaration of Assent, -- required of a clergyman of the Church of England when he first officiates in a new benefice. 1913 Webster]
Read, v. i.1.To give advice or counsel. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
2.To tell; to declare. [Obs.] Spenser. 1913 Webster]
3.To perform the act of reading; to peruse, or to go over and utter aloud, the words of a book or other like document. 1913 Webster]
So they read in the book of the law of God distinctly, and gave the sense.Neh. viii. 8. 1913 Webster]
4.To study by reading; as, he read for the bar. 1913 Webster]
5.To learn by reading. 1913 Webster]
I have read of an Eastern king who put a judge to death for an iniquitous sentence.Swift. 1913 Webster]
6.To appear in writing or print; to be expressed by, or consist of, certain words or characters; as, the passage reads thus in the early manuscripts. 1913 Webster]
7.To produce a certain effect when read; as, that sentence reads queerly. 1913 Webster]
To read between the lines, to infer something different from what is plainly indicated; to detect the real meaning as distinguished from the apparent meaning. 1913 Webster]
Read, n.[AS. r counsel, fr. r to counsel. See Read, v. t.]1.Saying; sentence; maxim; hence, word; advice; counsel. See Rede. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
One newswoman here lets magazines for a penny a read.Furnivall. 1913 Webster]
Read(r, imp. & p. p. of Read, v. t. & i. 1913 Webster]
Read(r, a.Instructed or knowing by reading; versed in books; learned. 1913 Webster]
A poet . . . well read in Longinus.Addison. 1913 Webster]
Read`a*bil"i*ty(r, n.The state of being readable; readableness. 1913 Webster]
Read"a*ble(r, a.Such as can be read; legible; fit or suitable to be read; worth reading; interesting. -- Read"a*ble*ness, n. -- Read"a*bly, adv. 1913 Webster]
Re`ad*dress"(r, v. t.To address a second time; -- often used reflexively. 1913 Webster]
He readdressed himself to her.Boyle. 1913 Webster]
Re`a*dept"(-, v. t.[Pref. re- + L. adeptus, p. p. of adipisci to obtain.]To regain; to recover. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
Read"er(r, n.[AS. r.]1.One who reads.Specifically:(a)One whose distinctive office is to read prayers in a church.(b)(University of Oxford, Eng.)One who reads lectures on scientific subjects.Lyell.(c)A proof reader.(d)One who reads manuscripts offered for publication and advises regarding their merit. 1913 Webster]
2.One who reads much; one who is studious. 1913 Webster]
3.A book containing a selection of extracts for exercises in reading; an elementary book for practice in a language; a reading book. 1913 Webster]
Read"er*ship, n.The office of reader.Lyell. 1913 Webster]
Read"i*ly(r, adv.1.In a ready manner; quickly; promptly.Chaucer. 1913 Webster]
2.Without delay or objection; without reluctance; willingly; cheerfully. 1913 Webster]
How readily we wish time spent revoked!Cowper. 1913 Webster]
Read"i*ness, n.The state or quality of being ready; preparation; promptness; aptitude; willingness. 1913 Webster]
They received the word with all readiness of mind.Acts xvii. 11. 1913 Webster]
Read"ing(r, n.1.The act of one who reads; perusal; also, printed or written matter to be read. 1913 Webster]
2.Study of books; literary scholarship; as, a man of extensive reading. 1913 Webster]
3.A lecture or prelection; public recital. 1913 Webster]
The Jews had their weekly readings of the law.Hooker. 1913 Webster]
4.The way in which anything reads; force of a word or passage presented by a documentary authority; lection; version. 1913 Webster]
5.Manner of reciting, or acting a part, on the stage; way of rendering. [Cant] 1913 Webster]
6.An observation read from the scale of a graduated instrument; as, the reading of a barometer. 1913 Webster]
Reading of a bill(Legislation), its formal recital, by the proper officer, before the House which is to consider it. 1913 Webster]
Read"ing, a.1.Of or pertaining to the act of reading; used in reading. 1913 Webster]
2.Addicted to reading; as, a reading community. 1913 Webster]
Reading book, a book for teaching reading; a reader. --
Reading desk, a desk to support a book while reading; esp., a desk used while reading the service in a church. --
Reading glass, a large lens with more or less magnifying power, attached to a handle, and used in reading, etc. --
Reading man, one who reads much; hence, in the English universities, a close, industrious student. --
Reading room, a room appropriated to reading; a room provided with papers, periodicals, and the like, to which persons resort. 1913 Webster]
Re`ad*journ"(r, v. t.To adjourn a second time; to adjourn again. 1913 Webster]
Re`ad*journ"ment(r, n.The act of readjourning; a second or repeated adjournment. 1913 Webster]
Re`ad*just"(r, v. t.To adjust or settle again; to put in a different order or relation; to rearrange. 1913 Webster]
Re`ad*just"er(r, n.One who, or that which, readjusts; in some of the States of the United States, one who advocates a refunding, and sometimes a partial repudiation, of the State debt without the consent of the State's creditors. 1913 Webster]
Re`ad*just"ment(r, n.A second adjustment; a new or different adjustment. 1913 Webster]
Re`ad*mis"sion(r, n.The act of admitting again, or the state of being readmitted; as, the readmission of fresh air into an exhausted receiver; the readmission of a student into a seminary. 1913 Webster]
Re`ad*mit"(-m, v. t.To admit again; to give entrance or access to again. 1913 Webster]
Whose ear is ever open, and his eye readmit the suppliant.Milton. 1913 Webster]
Re`ad*mit"tance(-t, n.Allowance to enter again; a second admission. 1913 Webster]
Re`a*dopt"(r, v. t.To adopt again.Young. 1913 Webster]
Re`a*dorn"(-d, v. t.To adorn again or anew. 1913 Webster]
Re`ad*vance"(r, v. i.To advance again. 1913 Webster]
Re`ad*vert"en*cy(r, n.The act of adverting to again, or of reviewing. [R.] Norris. 1913 Webster]
Read"y(r, a.[Compar.Readier(r; superl.Readiest.][AS. r; akin to D. gereed, bereid, G. bereit, Goth. gar\'a0ids fixed, arranged, and possibly to E. ride, as meaning originally, prepared for riding. Cf. Array, 1st Curry.]1.Prepared for what one is about to do or experience; equipped or supplied with what is needed for some act or event; prepared for immediate movement or action; as, the troops are ready to march; ready for the journey. \'bdWhen she redy was.\'b8 Chaucer. 1913 Webster]
2.Fitted or arranged for immediate use; causing no delay for lack of being prepared or furnished. \'bdDinner was ready.\'b8 Fielding. 1913 Webster]
My oxen and my fatlings are killed, and all things are ready: come unto the marriage.Matt. xxii. 4. 1913 Webster]
3.Prepared in mind or disposition; not reluctant; willing; free; inclined; disposed. 1913 Webster]
I am ready not to be bound only, but also to die at Jerusalem, for the name of the Lord Jesus.Acts xxi. 13. 1913 Webster]
If need be, I am ready to forego Milton. 1913 Webster]
4.Not slow or hesitating; quick in action or perception of any kind; dexterous; prompt; easy; expert; as, a ready apprehension; ready wit; a ready writer or workman. \'bdReady in devising expedients.\'b8 Macaulay. 1913 Webster]
Gurth, whose temper was ready, though surly.Sir W. Scott. 1913 Webster]
5.Offering itself at once; at hand; opportune; convenient; near; easy. \'bdThe readiest way.\'b8 Milton. 1913 Webster]
A sapling pine he wrenched from out the ground, readiest weapon that his fury found.Dryden. 1913 Webster]
6.On the point; about; on the brink; near; -- with a following infinitive. 1913 Webster]
My heart is ready to crack.Shak. 1913 Webster]
7.(Mil.)A word of command, or a position, in the manual of arms, at which the piece is cocked and held in position to execute promptly the next command, which is, aim. 1913 Webster]
All ready, ready in every particular; wholly equipped or prepared. \'bd[I] am all redy at your hest.\'b8 Chaucer. --
Ready money, means of immediate payment; cash. \'bd'T is all the ready money fate can give.\'b8 Cowley. --
Ready reckoner, a book of tables for facilitating computations, as of interest, prices, etc. --
To make ready, to make preparation; to get in readiness. 1913 Webster]
Re`af*firm"(r, v. t.To affirm again. 1913 Webster]
{ Re`af*firm"ance(r, Re*af`fir*ma"tion(r, }n.A second affirmation. 1913 Webster]
Re`af*for"est(r, v. t.To convert again into a forest, as a region of country. 1913 Webster]
Re`af*for`es*ta"tion(-, n.The act or process of converting again into a forest. 1913 Webster]
Re*a"gent(r, n.(Chem.)A substance capable of producing with another a reaction, especially when employed to detect the presence of other bodies; a test. 1913 Webster]
Re*ag`gra*va"tion(r, n.(R. C. Ch.)The last monitory, published after three admonitions and before the last excommunication. 1913 Webster]
Re`a*gree"(r, v. i.To agree again. 1913 Webster]
Reak(r, n.[Wrack seaweed.]A rush. [Obs.] \'bdFeeds on reaks and reeds.\'b8 Drant. 1913 Webster]
Reak, n.[Cf. Icel. hrekkr, or E. wreak vengeance.]A prank. [Obs.] \'bdThey play such reaks.\'b8 Beau. & Fl. 1913 Webster]
Re"al(r, n.[Sp., fr. real royal, L. regalis. See Regal, and cf. Ree a coin.]A former small Spanish silver coin; also, a denomination of money of account, formerly the unit of the Spanish monetary system. 1913 Webster]
real of plate (coin) varied in value according to the time of its coinage, from 12real vellon, or money of account, was nearly equal to five cents, or 2 1913 Webster + PJC]
Re*al"(r, a.Royal; regal; kingly. [Obs.] \'bdThe blood real of Thebes.\'b8 Chaucer. 1913 Webster]
Re"al(r, a.[LL. realis, fr. L. res, rei, a thing: cf. F. r\'82el. Cf. Rebus.]1.Actually being or existing; not fictitious or imaginary; as, a description of real life. 1913 Webster]
Whereat I waked, and found real, as the dream Milton. 1913 Webster]
2.True; genuine; not artificial, counterfeit, or factitious; often opposed to ostensible; as, the real reason; real Madeira wine; real ginger.<-- split reason from objects. --> 1913 Webster]
Whose perfection far excelled real dignity.Milton. 1913 Webster]
3.Relating to things, not to persons. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
Many are perfect in men's humors that are not greatly capable of the real part of business.Bacon. 1913 Webster]
4.(Alg.)Having an assignable arithmetical or numerical value or meaning; not imaginary. 1913 Webster]
5.(Law)Pertaining to things fixed, permanent, or immovable, as to lands and tenements; as, real property, in distinction from personal or movable property. 1913 Webster]
Chattels real(Law), such chattels as are annexed to, or savor of, the realty, as terms for years of land. See Chattel. --
Real action(Law), an action for the recovery of real property. --
Real assets(Law), lands or real estate in the hands of the heir, chargeable with the debts of the ancestor. --
Real composition(Eccl. Law), an agreement made between the owner of lands and the parson or vicar, with consent of the ordinary, that such lands shall be discharged from payment of tithes, in consequence of other land or recompense given to the parson in lieu and satisfaction thereof.Blackstone. --
Real estateor
Real property, lands, tenements, and hereditaments; freehold interests in landed property; property in houses and land.Kent.Burrill. --
Real presence(R. C. Ch.), the actual presence of the body and blood of Christ in the eucharist, or the conversion of the substance of the bread and wine into the real body and blood of Christ; transubstantiation. In other churches there is a belief in a form of real presence, not however in the sense of transubstantiation. --
Real servitude, called also
Predial servitude(Civil Law), a burden imposed upon one estate in favor of another estate of another proprietor.Erskine.Bouvier. 1913 Webster]
Syn. -- Actual; true; genuine; authentic. -- Real, Actual. Real represents a thing to be a substantive existence; as, a real, not imaginary, occurrence. Actual refers to it as acted or performed; and, hence, when we wish to prove a thing real, we often say, \'bdIt actually exists,\'b8 \'bdIt has actually been done.\'b8 Thus its reality is shown by its actuality. Actual, from this reference to being acted, has recently received a new signification, namely, present; as, the actual posture of affairs; since what is now in action, or going on, has, of course, a present existence. An actual fact; a real sentiment. 1913 Webster]
For he that but conceives a crime in thought, actual fault.Dryden. 1913 Webster]
Our simple ideas are all real; all agree to the reality of things.Locke. 1913 Webster]
Re*al"gar(r, n.[F. r\'82algar, Sp. rejalgar, Ar. rahj al gh\'ber powder of the mine.](Min.)Arsenic sulphide, a mineral of a brilliant red color; red orpiment. It is also an artificial product. 1913 Webster]
Re"al*ism(r, n.[Cf. F. r\'82alisme.]1.(Philos.)(a)As opposed to nominalism, the doctrine that genera and species are real things or entities, existing independently of our conceptions. According to realism the Universal exists ante rem (Plato), or in re (Aristotle).(b)As opposed to idealism, the doctrine that in sense perception there is an immediate cognition of the external object, and our knowledge of it is not mediate and representative. 1913 Webster]
2.(Art & Lit.)Fidelity to nature or to real life; representation without idealization, and making no appeal to the imagination; adherence to the actual fact. 1913 Webster]
3.the practise of assessing facts and the probabilities of the consequences of actions in an objective manner; avoidance of unrealistic or impractical beliefs or efforts. Contrasted to idealism, self-deception, overoptimism, overimaginativeness, or visionariness. PJC]
Re"al*ist, n.[Cf. F. r\'82aliste.]1.(Philos.)One who believes in realism; esp., one who maintains that generals, or the terms used to denote the genera and species of things, represent real existences, and are not mere names, as maintained by the nominalists. 1913 Webster]
2.(Art. & Lit.)An artist or writer who aims at realism in his work. See Realism, 2. 1913 Webster]
3.a person who avoids unrealistic or impractical beliefs or efforts. Contrasted to idealist or visionary. PJC]
Re`al*is"tic(-, a.Of or pertaining to the realists; in the manner of the realists; characterized by realism rather than by imagination. 1913 Webster]
Re`al*is"tic*al*ly, adv.In a realistic manner. 1913 Webster]
Re*al"i*ty(r, n.; pl.Realities(-t.[Cf. F. r\'82alit\'82, LL. realitas. See 3d Real, and cf. 2d Realty.]1.The state or quality of being real; actual being or existence of anything, in distinction from mere appearance; fact. 1913 Webster]
A man fancies that he understands a critic, when in reality he does not comprehend his meaning.Addison. 1913 Webster]
2.That which is real; an actual existence; that which is not imagination, fiction, or pretense; that which has objective existence, and is not merely an idea. 1913 Webster]
And to realities yield all her shows.Milton. 1913 Webster]
My neck may be an idea to you, but it is a reality to me.Beattie. 1913 Webster]
To express our reality to the emperor.Fuller. 1913 Webster]
4.(Law)See 2d Realty, 2. 1913 Webster]
Re"al*i`za*ble(r, a.Capable of being realized. 1913 Webster]
Re`al*i*za"tion(r, n.[Cf. F. r\'82alisation.]The act of realizing, or the state of being realized. 1913 Webster]
Re"al*ize(r, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Realized(-; p. pr. & vb. n.Realizing(-.][Cf. F. r\'82aliser.]1.To make real; to convert from the imaginary or fictitious into the actual; to bring into concrete existence; to effectuate; to accomplish; as, to realize a scheme or project. 1913 Webster]
We realize what Archimedes had only in hypothesis, weighing a single grain against the globe of earth.Glanvill. 1913 Webster]
2.To cause to seem real; to impress upon the mind as actual; to feel vividly or strongly; to make one's own in apprehension or experience. 1913 Webster]
Many coincidences . . . soon begin to appear in them [Greek inscriptions] which realize ancient history to us.Jowett. 1913 Webster]
We can not realize it in thought, that the object . . . had really no being at any past moment.Sir W. Hamilton. 1913 Webster]
3.To convert into real property; to make real estate of; as, to realize his fortune. 1913 Webster]
4.To acquire as an actual possession; to obtain as the result of plans and efforts; to gain; to get; as, to realize large profits from a speculation. 1913 Webster]
Knighthood was not beyond the reach of any man who could by diligent thrift realize a good estate.Macaulay. 1913 Webster]
5.To convert into actual money; as, to realize assets. 1913 Webster]
Re"al*ize, v. i.To convert any kind of property into money, especially property representing investments, as shares in stock companies, bonds, etc. 1913 Webster]
Wary men took the alarm, and began to realize, a word now first brought into use to express the conversion of ideal property into something real.W. Irving. 1913 Webster]
Re"al*i`zer(-, n.One who realizes.Coleridge. 1913 Webster]
Re"al*i`zing(-z, a.Serving to make real, or to impress on the mind as a reality; as, a realizing view of the danger incurred. -- Re"al*i`zing*ly, adv. 1913 Webster]
Re`al*lege"(-, v. t.To allege again.Cotgrave. 1913 Webster]
Re"al*ly(r, adv.In a real manner; with or in reality; actually; in truth. 1913 Webster]
Whose anger is really but a short fit of madness.Swift. 1913 Webster]
Really is often used familiarly as a slight corroboration of an opinion or a declaration. 1913 Webster]
Why, really, sixty-five is somewhat old.Young. 1913 Webster]
Realm(r, n.[OE. realme, ream, reaume, OF. reialme, roialme, F. royaume, fr. (assumed) LL. regalimen, from L. regalis royal. See Regal.]1.A royal jurisdiction or domain; a region which is under the dominion of a king; a kingdom. 1913 Webster]
The absolute master of realms on which the sun perpetually shone.Motley. 1913 Webster]
2.Hence, in general, province; region; country; domain; department; division; as, the realm of fancy. 1913 Webster]
Realm"less, a.Destitute of a realm.Keats. 1913 Webster]
Re"al*ness(r, n.The quality or condition of being real; reality. 1913 Webster]
Re"al*ty(-t, n.[OF. r\'82alt\'82, LL. regalitas, fr. L. regalis. See Regal.]1.Royalty. [Obs.] Chaucer. 1913 Webster]
Re"al*ty, n.[Contr. from 1st Reality.]1.Reality. [Obs.] Dr. H. More. 1913 Webster]
2.(Law)(a)Immobility, or the fixed, permanent nature of real property; as, chattels which savor of the realty; -- so written in legal language for reality.(b)Real estate; a piece of real property.Blackstone. 1913 Webster]
Ream(r, n.[AS. re\'a0m, akin to G. rahm.]Cream; also, the cream or froth on ale. [Scot.] 1913 Webster]
Ream, v. i.To cream; to mantle. [Scot.] 1913 Webster]
A huge pewter measuring pot which, in the language of the hostess, reamed with excellent claret.Sir W. Scott. 1913 Webster]
Ream, v. t.[Cf. Reim.]To stretch out; to draw out into thongs, threads, or filaments. 1913 Webster]
Ream, n.[OE. reme, OF. rayme, F. rame (cf. Sp. resma), fr. Ar. rizma a bundle, especially of paper.]A bundle, package, or quantity of paper, usually consisting of twenty quires or 480 sheets.<-- now 500 --> 1913 Webster]
Printer's ream, twenty-one and a half quires. [Eng.] A common practice is now to count five hundred sheets to the ream.Knight. 1913 Webster]
Ream, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Reamed(r; p. pr. & vb. n.Reaming.][Cf. G. r\'84umen to remove, to clear away, fr. raum room. See Room.]To bevel out, as the mouth of a hole in wood or metal; in modern usage, to enlarge or dress out, as a hole, with a reamer. 1913 Webster]
Reame(r, n.Realm. [Obs.] Chaucer. 1913 Webster]
Ream"er(-, n.One who, or that which, reams; specifically, an instrument with cutting or scraping edges, used, with a twisting motion, for enlarging a round hole, as the bore of a cannon, etc. 1913 Webster]
Re*am`pu*ta"tion(r, n.(Surg.)The second of two amputations performed upon the same member. 1913 Webster]
Re*an"i*mate(r, v. t.To animate anew; to restore to animation or life; to infuse new life, vigor, spirit, or courage into; to revive; to reinvigorate; as, to reanimate a drowned person; to reanimate disheartened troops; to reanimate languid spirits.Glanvill. 1913 Webster]
Re*an`i*ma"tion(r, n.The act or operation of reanimating, or the state of being reanimated; reinvigoration; revival. 1913 Webster]
Re`an*nex"(r, v. t.To annex again or anew; to reunite. \'bdTo reannex that duchy.\'b8 Bacon. 1913 Webster]
Re*an`nex*a"tion(-, n.Act of reannexing. 1913 Webster]
Re*an"swer(r, v. t. & i.To answer in return; to repay; to compensate; to make amends for. 1913 Webster]
Which in weight to reanswer, his pettiness would bow under.Shak. 1913 Webster]
Reap(r, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Reaped(r; p. pr. & vb. n.Reaping.][OE. repen, AS. r\'c6pan to seize, reap; cf. D. rapen to glean, reap, G. raufen to pluck, Goth. raupjan, or E. ripe.]1.To cut with a sickle, scythe, or reaping machine, as grain; to gather, as a harvest, by cutting. 1913 Webster]
When ye reap the harvest of your land, thou shalt not wholly reap the corners of thy field.Lev. xix. 9. 1913 Webster]
2.To gather; to obtain; to receive as a reward or harvest, or as the fruit of labor or of works; -- in a good or a bad sense; as, to reap a benefit from exertions. 1913 Webster]
Why do I humble thus myself, and, suing reap nothing but repulse and hate?Milton. 1913 Webster]
3.To clear of a crop by reaping; as, to reap a field. 1913 Webster]
4.To deprive of the beard; to shave. [R.] Shak. 1913 Webster]
Reaping hook, an implement having a hook-shaped blade, used in reaping; a sickle; -- in a specific sense, distinguished from a sickle by a blade keen instead of serrated. 1913 Webster]
Reap, v. i.To perform the act or operation of reaping; to gather a harvest. 1913 Webster]
They that sow in tears shall reap in joy.Ps. cxxvi. 5. 1913 Webster]
Reap, n.[Cf. AS. r\'c6p harvest. See Reap, v.]A bundle of grain; a handful of grain laid down by the reaper as it is cut. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Wright. 1913 Webster]
Reap"er(r, n.1.One who reaps. 1913 Webster]
The sun-burned reapers wiping their foreheads.Macaulay. 1913 Webster]
2.A reaping machine. 1913 Webster]
Re`ap*par"el(r, v. t.To clothe again. 1913 Webster]
Re`ap*pear"(r, v. i.To appear again. 1913 Webster]
Re`ap*pear"ance(-, n.A second or new appearance; the act or state of appearing again. 1913 Webster]
Re*ap`pli*ca"tion(r, n.The act of reapplying, or the state of being reapplied. 1913 Webster]
Re`ap*ply"(r, v. t. & i.To apply again. 1913 Webster]
Re`ap*point"(-point"), v. t.To appoint again. 1913 Webster]
Re`ap*point"ment(-m, n.The act of reappointing, or the state of being reappointed. 1913 Webster]
Re`ap*por"tion(-p, v. t.To apportion again. 1913 Webster]
Re`ap*por"tion*ment(-m, n.A second or a new apportionment. 1913 Webster]
Re`ap*proach"(r, v. i. & t.To approach again or anew. 1913 Webster]
Then why does Cuddy leave his cot so rear?Gay. 1913 Webster]
Rear, n.[OF. riere behind, backward, fr. L. retro. Cf. Arrear.]1.The back or hindmost part; that which is behind, or last in order; -- opposed to front. 1913 Webster]
Nipped with the lagging rear of winter's frost.Milton. 1913 Webster]
2.Specifically, the part of an army or fleet which comes last, or is stationed behind the rest. 1913 Webster]
When the fierce foe hung on our broken rear.Milton. 1913 Webster]
Rear, a.Being behind, or in the hindmost part; hindmost; as, the rear rank of a company. 1913 Webster]
Rear admiral, an officer in the navy, next in rank below a vice admiral and above a commodore. See Admiral. --
Rear front(Mil.), the rear rank of a body of troops when faced about and standing in that position. --
Rear guard(Mil.), the division of an army that marches in the rear of the main body to protect it; -- used also figuratively. --
Rear line(Mil.), the line in the rear of an army. --
Rear rank(Mil.), the rank or line of a body of troops which is in the rear, or last in order. --
Rear sight(Firearms), the sight nearest the breech. --
To bring up the rear, to come last or behind. 1913 Webster]
Rear(r, v. t.To place in the rear; to secure the rear of. [R.] 1913 Webster]
Rear, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Reared(r; p. pr. & vb. n.Rearing.][AS. r to raise, rear, elevate, for r, causative of r\'c6san to rise. See Rise, and cf. Raise.]1.To raise; to lift up; to cause to rise, become erect, etc.; to elevate; as, to rear a monolith. 1913 Webster]
In adoration at his feet I fell reared me.Milton. 1913 Webster]
It reareth our hearts from vain thoughts.Barrow. 1913 Webster]
Mine [shall be] the first hand to rear her banner.Ld. Lytton. 1913 Webster]
2.To erect by building; to set up; to construct; as, to rear defenses or houses; to rear one government on the ruins of another. 1913 Webster]
One reared a font of stone.Tennyson. 1913 Webster]
3.To lift and take up. [Obs. or R.] 1913 Webster]
And having her from Trompart lightly reared, Spenser. 1913 Webster]
4.To bring up to maturity, as young; to educate; to instruct; to foster; as, to rear offspring. 1913 Webster]
He wants a father to protect his youth, rear him up to virtue.Southern. 1913 Webster]
5.To breed and raise; as, to rear cattle. 1913 Webster]
6.To rouse; to stir up. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
And seeks the tusky boar to rear.Dryden. 1913 Webster]
Syn. -- To lift; elevate; erect; raise; build; establish. See the Note under Raise, 3 (c). 1913 Webster]
Rear, v. i.To rise up on the hind legs, as a horse; to become erect. 1913 Webster]
Rearing bit, a bit designed to prevent a horse from lifting his head when rearing.Knight. 1913 Webster]
Rear"most`(-m, a.Farthest in the rear; last. 1913 Webster]
{ Rear"mouse`, Rere"mouse`(-mous`) }, n.[AS. hr; probably fr. hr to agitate, stir (akin to G. r\'81hren, Icel. hr\'91ra) + m mouse.](Zo\'94l.)The leather-winged bat (Vespertilio murinus).[Written also reermouse.] 1913 Webster]
Re`ar*range"(r, v. t.To arrange again; to arrange in a different way. 1913 Webster]
Re`ar*range"ment(-m, n.The act of rearranging, or the state of being rearranged. 1913 Webster]
Rear"ward`(r, n.[Rear + ward.]The last troop; the rear of an army; a rear guard. Also used figuratively.Shak. 1913 Webster]
Rear"ward(-w, a. & adv.At or toward the rear. 1913 Webster]
Re`as*cend"(r, v. i.To rise, mount, or climb again. 1913 Webster]
Re`as*cend", v. t.To ascend or mount again; to reach by ascending again. 1913 Webster]
He mounts aloft, and reascends the skies.Addison. 1913 Webster]
Re`as*cen"sion(-s, n.The act of reascending; a remounting. 1913 Webster]
Re`as*cent"(-s, n.A returning ascent or ascension; acclivity.Cowper. 1913 Webster]
Rea"son(r, n.[OE. resoun, F. raison, fr. L. ratio (akin to Goth. ra number, account, gara to count, G. rede speech, reden to speak), fr. reri, ratus, to reckon, believe, think. Cf. Arraign, Rate, Ratio, Ration.]1.A thought or a consideration offered in support of a determination or an opinion; a just ground for a conclusion or an action; that which is offered or accepted as an explanation; the efficient cause of an occurrence or a phenomenon; a motive for an action or a determination; proof, more or less decisive, for an opinion or a conclusion; principle; efficient cause; final cause; ground of argument. 1913 Webster]
I'll give him reasons for it.Shak. 1913 Webster]
The reason of the motion of the balance in a wheel watch is by the motion of the next wheel.Sir M. Hale. 1913 Webster]
This reason did the ancient fathers render, why the church was called \'bdcatholic.\'b8Bp. Pearson. 1913 Webster]
Virtue and vice are not arbitrary things; but there is a natural and eternal reason for that goodness and virtue, and against vice and wickedness.Tillotson. 1913 Webster]
2.The faculty or capacity of the human mind by which it is distinguished from the intelligence of the inferior animals; the higher as distinguished from the lower cognitive faculties, sense, imagination, and memory, and in contrast to the feelings and desires. Reason comprises conception, judgment, reasoning, and the intuitional faculty. Specifically, it is the intuitional faculty, or the faculty of first truths, as distinguished from the understanding, which is called the discursive or ratiocinative faculty. 1913 Webster]
We have no other faculties of perceiving or knowing anything divine or human, but by our five senses and our reason.P. Browne. 1913 Webster]
In common and popular discourse, reason denotes that power by which we distinguish truth from falsehood, and right from wrong, and by which we are enabled to combine means for the attainment of particular ends.Stewart. 1913 Webster]
Reason is used sometimes to express the whole of those powers which elevate man above the brutes, and constitute his rational nature, more especially, perhaps, his intellectual powers; sometimes to express the power of deduction or argumentation.Stewart. 1913 Webster]
By the pure reason I mean the power by which we become possessed of principles.Coleridge. 1913 Webster]
The sense perceives; the understanding, in its own peculiar operation, conceives; the reason, or rationalized understanding, comprehends.Coleridge. 1913 Webster]
<-- p. 1196 pr=vmg -->
3.Due exercise of the reasoning faculty; accordance with, or that which is accordant with and ratified by, the mind rightly exercised; right intellectual judgment; clear and fair deductions from true principles; that which is dictated or supported by the common sense of mankind; right conduct; right; propriety; justice. 1913 Webster]
I was promised, on a time, reason for my rhyme.Spenser. 1913 Webster]
But law in a free nation hath been ever public reason; the enacted reason of a parliament, which he denying to enact, denies to govern us by that which ought to be our law; interposing his own private reason, which to us is no law.Milton. 1913 Webster]
The most probable way of bringing France to reason would be by the making an attempt on the Spanish West Indies.Addison. 1913 Webster]
By reason of, by means of; on account of; because of. \'bdSpain is thin sown of people, partly by reason of the sterility of the soil.\'b8 Bacon. --
In reason,
In all reason, in justice; with rational ground; in a right view. 1913 Webster]
When anything is proved by as good arguments as a thing of that kind is capable of, we ought not, in reason, to doubt of its existence.Tillotson. 1913 Webster]
--
It is reason, it is reasonable; it is right. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
Yet it were great reason, that those that have children should have greatest care of future times.Bacon. 1913 Webster]
Rea"son(r, v. i.[imp. & p. p.Reasoned(r; p. pr. & vb. n.Reasoning.][Cf. F. raisonner. See Reason, n.]1.To exercise the rational faculty; to deduce inferences from premises; to perform the process of deduction or of induction; to ratiocinate; to reach conclusions by a systematic comparison of facts. 1913 Webster]
2.Hence: To carry on a process of deduction or of induction, in order to convince or to confute; to formulate and set forth propositions and the inferences from them; to argue. 1913 Webster]
Stand still, that I may reason with you, before the Lord, of all the righteous acts of the Lord.1 Sam. xii. 7. 1913 Webster]
3.To converse; to compare opinions.Shak. 1913 Webster]
Rea"son, v. t.1.To arrange and present the reasons for or against; to examine or discuss by arguments; to debate or discuss; as, I reasoned the matter with my friend. 1913 Webster]
When they are clearly discovered, well digested, and well reasoned in every part, there is beauty in such a theory.T. Burnet. 1913 Webster]
2.To support with reasons, as a request. [R.] Shak. 1913 Webster]
3.To persuade by reasoning or argument; as, to reason one into a belief; to reason one out of his plan. 1913 Webster]
Men that will not be reasoned into their senses.L'Estrange. 1913 Webster]
4.To overcome or conquer by adducing reasons; -- with down; as, to reason down a passion. 1913 Webster]
5.To find by logical processes; to explain or justify by reason or argument; -- usually with out; as, to reason out the causes of the librations of the moon. 1913 Webster]
Rea"son*a*ble(r, a.[OE. resonable, F. raisonnable, fr. L. rationabilis. See Reason, n.]1.Having the faculty of reason; endued with reason; rational; as, a reasonable being. 1913 Webster]
2.Governed by reason; being under the influence of reason; thinking, speaking or acting rationally, or according to the dictates of reason; agreeable to reason; just; rational; as, the measure must satisfy all reasonable men. 1913 Webster]
By indubitable certainty, I mean that which doth not admit of any reasonable cause of doubting.Bp. Wilkins. 1913 Webster]
Men have no right to what is not reasonable.Burke. 1913 Webster]
3.Not excessive or immoderate; within due limits; proper; as, a reasonable demand, amount, price. 1913 Webster]
Let . . . all things be thought upon reasonable swiftness, add Shak. 1913 Webster]
I have a reasonable good ear in music.Shak. 1913 Webster]
Rea"son*a*ble*ness, n.Quality of being reasonable. 1913 Webster]
Rea"son*a*bly, adv.1.In a reasonable manner. 1913 Webster]
2.Moderately; tolerably. \'bdReasonably perfect in the language.\'b8 Holder. 1913 Webster]
Rea"son*er(r, n.One who reasons or argues; as, a fair reasoner; a close reasoner; a logical reasoner. 1913 Webster]
Rea"son*ing, n.1.The act or process of adducing a reason or reasons; manner of presenting one's reasons. 1913 Webster]
2.That which is offered in argument; proofs or reasons when arranged and developed; course of argument. 1913 Webster]
His reasoning was sufficiently profound.Macaulay. 1913 Webster]
Syn. -- Argumentation; argument. -- Reasoning, Argumentation. Few words are more interchanged than these; and yet, technically, there is a difference between them. Reasoning is the broader term, including both deduction and induction. Argumentation denotes simply the former, and descends from the whole to some included part; while reasoning embraces also the latter, and ascends from the parts to a whole. See Induction. Reasoning is occupied with ideas and their relations; argumentation has to do with the forms of logic. A thesis is set down: you attack, I defend it; you insist, I reply; you deny, I prove; you distinguish, I destroy your distinctions; my replies balance or overturn your objections. Such is argumentation. It supposes that there are two sides, and that both agree to the same rules. Reasoning, on the other hand, is often a natural process, by which we form, from the general analogy of nature, or special presumptions in the case, conclusions which have greater or less degrees of force, and which may be strengthened or weakened by subsequent experience. 1913 Webster]
Such persons are now commonly called \'bdreasonists\'b8 and \'bdrationalists,\'b8 to distinguish them from true reasoners and rational inquirers.Waterland. 1913 Webster]
Rea"son*less, a.1.Destitute of reason; as, a reasonless man or mind.Shak. 1913 Webster]
2.Void of reason; not warranted or supported by reason; unreasonable. 1913 Webster]
This proffer is absurd and reasonless.Shak. 1913 Webster]
Re`as*sem"blage(r, n.Assemblage a second time or again. 1913 Webster]
Re`as*sem"ble(r, v. t. & i.To assemble again. 1913 Webster]
Re`as*sert"(r, v. t.To assert again or anew; to maintain after an omission to do so. 1913 Webster]
Let us hope . . . we may have a body of authors who will reassert our claim to respectability in literature.Walsh. 1913 Webster]
Re`as*ser"tion(r, n.A second or renewed assertion of the same thing. 1913 Webster]
Re`as*sess"ment(r, n.A renewed or second assessment. 1913 Webster]
Re`as*sign"(r, v. t.To assign back or again; to transfer back what has been assigned. 1913 Webster]
Re`as*sign"ment(r, n.The act of reassigning. 1913 Webster]
Re`as*sim"i*late(r, v. t. & i.To assimilate again. -- Re`as*sim`i*la"tion(r, n. 1913 Webster]
Re`as*so"ci*ate(r, v. t. & i.To associate again; to bring again into close relations. 1913 Webster]
Re`as*sume"(r, v. t.To assume again or anew; to resume. -- Re`as*sump"tion(r, n. 1913 Webster]
Re`as*sur"ance(r, n.1.Assurance or confirmation renewed or repeated.Prynne. 1913 Webster]
2.(Law)Same as Reinsurance. 1913 Webster]
Re`as*sure"(r, v. t.1.To assure anew; to restore confidence to; to free from fear or terror. 1913 Webster]
They rose with fear, . . . reassured the rest.Dryden. 1913 Webster]
2.To reinsure. 1913 Webster]
Re`as*sur"er(r, n.One who reassures. 1913 Webster]
Reas"ty(r, a.[Etymol. uncertain.]Rusty and rancid; -- applied to salt meat. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Tusser. -- Reas"ti*ness(r, n. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] 1913 Webster]
\'d8Re*a"ta(r, n.[Sp.]A lariat. 1913 Webster]
Re`at*tach"(r, v. t.To attach again.The object reattached may have been an integral part which had never been "attached" (trans), e.g., to reattach a severed finger. 1913 Webster +PJC]
Re`at*tach"ment(r, n.The act of reattaching; a second attachment. 1913 Webster]
Re`at*tain"(r, v. t.To attain again. 1913 Webster]
Re`at*tain"ment(r, n.The act of reattaining. 1913 Webster]
Re`at*tempt"(r, v. t.To attempt again. 1913 Webster]
Re"aume(r, n.Realm. [Obs.] Chaucer. 1913 Webster]
R\'82`au`mur"(r, a.Of or pertaining to Ren\'82 Antoine Ferchault de R\'82aumur; conformed to the scale adopted by R\'82aumur in graduating the thermometer he invented. -- n.A R\'82aumur thermometer or scale. 1913 Webster]
R\'82aumur thermometer is so graduated that 0Centigrade, and Fahrenheit. See Illust. of Thermometer. 1913 Webster]
Reave(r, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Reaved(r, Reft(r, or Raft(r (obs.); p. pr. & vb. n.Reaving.][AS. re\'a0fian, from re\'a0f spoil, plunder, clothing, re\'a2fan to break (cf. bire\'a2fan to deprive of); akin to G. rauben to rob, Icel. raufa to rob, rj to break, violate, Goth. bir\'a0ub to despoil, L. rumpere to break; cf. Skr. lup to break. Bereave, Rob, v. t., Robe, Rove, v. i., Rupture.]To take away by violence or by stealth; to snatch away; to rob; to despoil; to bereave. [Archaic]. \'bdTo reave his life.\'b8 Spenser. 1913 Webster]
He golden apples raft of the dragon.Chaucer. 1913 Webster]
If the wooers reave Chapman. 1913 Webster]
To reave the orphan of his patrimony.Shak. 1913 Webster]
The heathen caught and reft him of his tongue.Tennyson. 1913 Webster]
Reav"er(r, n.One who reaves. [Archaic] 1913 Webster]
Re`a*wake"(r, v. i.To awake again. 1913 Webster]
Re*ban"ish(r, v. t.To banish again. 1913 Webster]
Re*bap"tism(r, n.A second baptism. 1913 Webster]
Re*bap`ti*za"tion(r, n.[Cf. F. rebaptisation.]A second baptism. [Obs.] Hooker. 1913 Webster]
Re`bap*tize"(r, v. t.[Pref. re- + baptize: cf. F. rebaptiser, L. rebaptizare.]To baptize again or a second time. 1913 Webster]
Re`bap*tiz"er(r, n.One who rebaptizes. 1913 Webster]
Re*bar"ba*rize(r, v. t.To reduce again to barbarism. -- Re*bar`ba*ri*za"tion(r, n. 1913 Webster]
Germany . . . rebarbarized by polemical theology and religious wars.Sir W. Hamilton. 1913 Webster]
Re*bate"(r, v. t.[F. rebattre to beat again; pref. re- re- + battre to beat, L. batuere to beat, strike. See Abate.]1.To beat to obtuseness; to deprive of keenness; to blunt; to turn back the point of, as a lance used for exercise. 1913 Webster]
But doth rebate and blunt his natural edge.Shak. 1913 Webster]
2.To deduct from; to make a discount from, as interest due, or customs duties.Blount. 1913 Webster]
3.To return a portion of a sum paid, as a method of discounting of prices. PJC]
Rebated cross, a cross which has the extremities of the arms bent back at right angles, as in the fylfot. 1913 Webster]
Re*bate", v. i.To abate; to withdraw. [Obs.] Foxe. 1913 Webster]
Re*bate", n.1.Diminution. 1913 Webster]
2.(Com.)Deduction; abatement; as, a rebate of interest for immediate payment; a rebate of importation duties.Bouvier. 1913 Webster]
3.A portion of a sum paid, returned to the purchaser, as a method of discounting. The rebate is sometimes returned by the manufacturer, after the full price is paid to the retailer by the purchaser. PJC]
Re*bate", n.[See Rabbet.]1.(Arch.)A rectangular longitudinal recess or groove, cut in the corner or edge of any body; a rabbet. See Rabbet. 1913 Webster]
2.A piece of wood hafted into a long stick, and serving to beat out mortar.Elmes. 1913 Webster]
3.An iron tool sharpened something like a chisel, and used for dressing and polishing wood.Elmes. 1913 Webster]
4.[Perhaps a different word.]A kind of hard freestone used in making pavements. [R.] Elmes. 1913 Webster]
Re*bate", v. t.To cut a rebate in. See Rabbet, v. 1913 Webster]
Re*bate"ment(r, n.[Cf. OF. rabatement, fr. rabatre to diminish, F. rabattre.]Same as 3d Rebate, v. 1913 Webster]
Re*ba"to(r, n.Same as Rabato.Burton. 1913 Webster]
Re"bec(r, n.[F., fr. It. ribeca, ribeba, fr. Ar. rab\'beb a musical instrument of a round form.]1.(Mus.)An instrument formerly used which somewhat resembled the violin, having three strings, and being played with a bow.[Written also rebeck.]Milton. 1913 Webster]
He turn'd his rebec to a mournful note.Drayton. 1913 Webster]
2.A contemptuous term applied to an old woman. [Obs.] Chaucer. 1913 Webster]
Reb"el(r, a.[F. rebelle, fr. L. rebellis. See Rebel, v. i.]Pertaining to rebels or rebellion; acting in revolt; rebellious; as, rebel troops. 1913 Webster]
Whoso be rebel to my judgment.Chaucer. 1913 Webster]
Convict by flight, and rebel to all law.Milton. 1913 Webster]
Reb"el, n.[F. rebelle.]One who rebels. 1913 Webster]
Syn. -- Revolter; insurgent. -- Rebel, Insurgent. Insurgent marks an early, and rebel a more advanced, stage of opposition to government. The former rises up against his rulers, the latter makes war upon them. 1913 Webster]
Re*bel"(r, v. i.[imp. & p. p.Rebelled(r; p. pr. & vb. n.Rebelling.][F. rebeller, fr. L. rebellare to make war again; pref. re- again + bellare to make war, fr. bellum war. See Bellicose, and cf. Revel to carouse.]1.To renounce, and resist by force, the authority of the ruler or government to which one owes obedience. See Rebellion. 1913 Webster]
The murmur and the churls' rebelling.Chaucer. 1913 Webster]
Ye have builded you an altar, that ye might rebel this day against the Lord.Josh. xxii. 16. 1913 Webster]
2.To be disobedient to authority; to assume a hostile or insubordinate attitude; to revolt. 1913 Webster]
How could my hand rebel against my heart? rebel against your reason?Dryden. 1913 Webster]
Reb"el*dom(r, n.A region infested by rebels; rebels, considered collectively; also, conduct or quality characteristic of rebels.Thackeray. 1913 Webster]
Re*bel"ler(r, n.One who rebels; a rebel. 1913 Webster]
Re*bel"lion(r, n.[F. r\'82bellion, L. rebellio. See Rebel, v. i. Among the Romans rebellion was originally a revolt or open resistance to their government by nations that had been subdued in war. It was a renewed war.]1.The act of rebelling; open and avowed renunciation of the authority of the government to which one owes obedience, and resistance to its officers and laws, either by levying war, or by aiding others to do so; an organized uprising of subjects for the purpose of coercing or overthrowing their lawful ruler or government by force; revolt; insurrection. 1913 Webster]
No sooner is the standard of rebellion displayed than men of desperate principles resort to it.Ames. 1913 Webster]
2.Open resistance to, or defiance of, lawful authority. 1913 Webster]
Commission of rebellion(Eng. Law), a process of contempt issued on the nonappearance of a defendant, -- now abolished.Wharton.Burrill. 1913 Webster]
Re*bel"lious(r, a.Engaged in rebellion; disposed to rebel; of the nature of rebels or of rebellion; resisting government or lawful authority by force. \'bdThy rebellious crew.\'b8 \'bdProud rebellious arms.\'b8 Milton. -- Re*bel"lious*ly, adv. -- Re*bel"lious*ness, n. 1913 Webster]
Re*bel"low(r, v. i.To bellow again; to repeat or echo a bellow. 1913 Webster]
The cave rebellowed, and the temple shook.Dryden. 1913 Webster]
Re*bit"ing(r, n.(Etching)The act or process of deepening worn lines in an etched plate by submitting it again to the action of acid.Fairholt. 1913 Webster]
Re*bloom"(r, v. i.To bloom again.Crabbe. 1913 Webster]
Re*blos"som(r, v. i.To blossom again. 1913 Webster]
Re*bo"ant(r, a.[L. reboans, p. pr. of reboare; pref. re- re- + boare to cry aloud.]Rebellowing; resounding loudly. [R.] Mrs. Browning. 1913 Webster]
Re`bo*a"tion(r, n.Repetition of a bellow. [R.] Bp. Patrick. 1913 Webster]
Re*boil"(r, v. t. & i.[Pref. re- + boil: cf. F. rebouillir.]1.To boil, or to cause to boil, again. 1913 Webster]
2.Fig.: To make or to become hot. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
Some of his companions thereat reboyleth.Sir T. Elyot. 1913 Webster]
Re*born"(r, p. p.Born again. 1913 Webster]
Re*bound"(r, v. i.[Pref. re- + bound: cf. F. rebondir.]1.To spring back; to start back; to be sent back or reverberated by elastic force on collision with another body; as, a rebounding echo. 1913 Webster]
Bodies which are absolutely hard, or so soft as to be void of elasticity, will not rebound from one another.Sir I. Newton. 1913 Webster]
2.To give back an echo. [R.] T. Warton. 1913 Webster]
3.To bound again or repeatedly, as a horse.Pope. 1913 Webster]
4.to recover, as from sickness, psychological shock, or disappointment. PJC]
Rebounding lock(Firearms), one in which the hammer rebounds to half cock after striking the cap or primer. 1913 Webster]
Re*bound", v. t.To send back; to reverberate. 1913 Webster]
Silenus sung; the vales his voice rebound.Dryden. 1913 Webster]
Re*bound", n.1.The act of rebounding; resilience. 1913 Webster]
Flew . . . back, as from a rock, with swift rebound.Dryden. 1913 Webster]
2.recovery, as from sickness, psychological shock, or disappointment. PJC]
\'d8Re*bo"zo(?), n.[Sp. rebozo.]A kind of mantilla worn by women over the head and shoulders, and sometimes over part of the face. [Mexico & Sp. Amer.] Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Re*brace"(r, v. t.To brace again.Gray. 1913 Webster]
Re*breathe"(r, v. t.To breathe again. 1913 Webster]
Re*bu"cous(r, a.Rebuking. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
She gave unto him many rebucous words.Fabyan. 1913 Webster]
Re*buff"(r, n.[It. ribuffo, akin to ribuffare to repulse; pref. ri- (L. re-) + buffo puff. Cf. Buff to strike, Buffet a blow.]1.Repercussion, or beating back; a quick and sudden resistance. 1913 Webster]
The strong rebuff of some tumultuous cloud.Milton. 1913 Webster]
Re*buff", v. t.[imp. & p. p.Rebuffed(r; p. pr. & vb. n.Rebuffing.]To beat back; to offer sudden resistance to; to check; to repel or repulse violently, harshly, or uncourteously. 1913 Webster]
Re*build"(r, v. t.To build again, as something which has been demolished; to construct anew; as, to rebuild a house, a wall, a wharf, or a city. 1913 Webster]
Re*build"er(r, n.One who rebuilds.Bp. Bull. 1913 Webster]
Re*buk"a*ble(r, a.Worthy of rebuke or reprehension; reprehensible.Shak. 1913 Webster]
Re*buke"(r, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Rebuked(r; p. pr. & vb. n.Rebuking.][OF. rebouquier to dull, blunt, F. reboucher; perhaps fr. pref. re- re- + bouche mouth, OF. also bouque, L. bucca cheek; if so, the original sense was, to stop the mouth of; hence, to stop, obstruct.]To check, silence, or put down, with reproof; to restrain by expression of disapprobation; to reprehend sharply and summarily; to chide; to reprove; to admonish. 1913 Webster]
The proud he tamed, the penitent he cheered, rebuke the rich offender feared.Dryden. 1913 Webster]
Syn. -- To reprove; chide; check; chasten; restrain; silence. See Reprove. 1913 Webster]
<-- p. 1197 pr=vmg -->
Re*buke"(r, n.1.A direct and pointed reproof; a reprimand; also, chastisement; punishment. 1913 Webster]
For thy sake I have suffered rebuke.Jer. xv. 15. 1913 Webster]
Why bear you these rebukes and answer not?Shak. 1913 Webster]
2.Check; rebuff. [Obs.] L'Estrange. 1913 Webster]
To be without rebuke, to live without giving cause of reproof or censure; to be blameless. 1913 Webster]
Re*buke"ful(r, a.Containing rebuke; of the nature of rebuke. [Obs.] -- Re*buke"ful*ly, adv. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
Re*buk"er(r, n.One who rebukes. 1913 Webster]
Re*buk"ing*ly, adv.By way of rebuke. 1913 Webster]
Re`bul*li"tion(r, n.The act of boiling up or effervescing. [R.] Sir H. Wotton. 1913 Webster]
Re*bur"y(r, v. t.To bury again.Ashmole. 1913 Webster]
Re"bus(r, n.; pl.Rebuses(r.[L. rebus by things, abl. pl. of res a thing: cf. F. r\'82bus. Cf. 3d Real.]1.A mode of expressing words and phrases by pictures of objects whose names resemble those words, or the syllables of which they are composed; enigmatical representation of words by figures; hence, a peculiar form of riddle made up of such representations. 1913 Webster]
Rose Hill, had, embroidered on his gown, a rose, a hill, an eye, a loaf, and a well, signifying, Rose Hill I love well. 1913 Webster]
2.(Her.)A pictorial suggestion on a coat of arms of the name of the person to whom it belongs. See Canting arms, under Canting. 1913 Webster]
Re"bus, v. t.To mark or indicate by a rebus. 1913 Webster]
He [John Morton] had a fair library rebused with More in text and Tun under it.Fuller. 1913 Webster]
Re*but"(r, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Rebutted; p. pr. & vb. n.Rebutting.][OF. rebouter to repulse, drive back; pref. re- + bouter to push, thrust. See 1st Butt, Boutade.] 1913 Webster]
1.To drive or beat back; to repulse. 1913 Webster]
Who him, rencount'ring fierce, as hawk in flight, rebutted back.Spenser. 1913 Webster]
2.(Law)To contradict, meet, or oppose by argument, plea, or countervailing proof.Abbott. 1913 Webster]
Re*but", v. i.1.To retire; to recoil. [Obs.] Spenser. 1913 Webster]
2.(Law)To make, or put in, an answer, as to a plaintiff's surrejoinder. 1913 Webster]
The plaintiff may answer the rejoinder by a surrejoinder; on which the defendant may rebut.Blackstone. 1913 Webster]
Re*but"ta*ble(r, a.Capable of being rebutted. 1913 Webster]
Re*but"tal(r, n.(Law)The giving of evidence on the part of a plaintiff to destroy the effect of evidence introduced by the defendant in the same suit. 1913 Webster]
Re*but"ter(r, n.(Law)The answer of a defendant in matter of fact to a plaintiff's surrejoinder. 1913 Webster]
Re*ca"den*cy(r, n.A falling back or descending a second time; a relapse.W. Montagu. 1913 Webster]
Re*cal"ci*trant(r, a.[L. recalcitrans, p. pr. of recalcitrare to kick back; pref. re- re- + calcitrare to kick, fr. calx heel. Cf. Inculcate.]Kicking back; recalcitrating; hence, showing repugnance or opposition; refractory. 1913 Webster]
Re*cal"ci*trate(r, v. t.To kick against; to show repugnance to; to rebuff. 1913 Webster]
The more heartily did one disdain his disdain, and recalcitrate his tricks.De Quincey. 1913 Webster]
Re*cal"ci*trate, v. i.To kick back; to kick against anything; hence, to express repugnance or opposition. 1913 Webster]
Re*cal`ci*tra"tion(r, n.A kicking back again; opposition; repugnance; refractoriness. 1913 Webster]
Re*call"(r, v. t.1.To call back; to summon to return; as, to recall troops; to recall an ambassador. 1913 Webster]
If Henry were recalled to life again.Shak.
2.To revoke; to annul by a subsequent act; to take back; to withdraw; as, to recall words, or a decree. 1913 Webster]
Passed sentence may not be recall'd.Shak. 1913 Webster]
3.To call back to mind; to revive in memory; to recollect; to remember; as, to recall bygone days. 1913 Webster]
Re*call", n.1.A calling back; a revocation. 1913 Webster]
'T is done, and since 't is done, 't is past recall.Dryden. 1913 Webster]
2.(Mil.)A call on the trumpet, bugle, or drum, by which soldiers are recalled from duty, labor, etc.Wilhelm. 1913 Webster]
3.(Political Science)(a)The right or procedure by which a public official, commonly a legislative or executive official, may be removed from office, before the end of his term of office, by a vote of the people to be taken on the filing of a petition signed by a required number or percentage of qualified voters.(b)Short for
recall of judicial decisions, the right or procedure by which the decision of a court may be directly reversed or annulled by popular vote, as was advocated, in 1912, in the platform of the Progressive party for certain cases involving the police power of the state. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Re*call"a*ble(r, a.Capable of being recalled. 1913 Webster]
Re*call"ment(r, n.Recall. [R.] R. Browning. 1913 Webster]
Re*cant"(r, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Recanted; p. pr. & vb. n.Recanting.][L. recantare, recantatum, to recall, recant; pref. re- re- + cantare to sing, to sound. See 3d Cant, Chant.]To withdraw or repudiate formally and publicly (opinions formerly expressed); to contradict, as a former declaration; to take back openly; to retract; to recall. 1913 Webster]
How soon . . . ease would recant Milton. 1913 Webster]
Syn. -- To retract; recall; revoke; abjure; disown; disavow. See Renounce. 1913 Webster]
Re*cant", v. i.To revoke a declaration or proposition; to unsay what has been said; to retract; as, convince me that I am wrong, and I will recant.Dryden. 1913 Webster]
Re`can*ta"tion(r, n.The act of recanting; a declaration that contradicts a former one; that which is thus asserted in contradiction; retraction. 1913 Webster]
The poor man was imprisoned for this discovery, and forced to make a public recantation.Bp. Stillingfleet. 1913 Webster]
Re*cant"er(r, n.One who recants. 1913 Webster]
Re`ca*pac"i*tate(r, v. t.To qualify again; to confer capacity on again.Atterbury. 1913 Webster]
Re*ca*pit"u*late(r, v. t.[L. recapitulare, recapitulatum; pref. re- re- + capitulum a small head, chapter, section. See Capitulate.]To repeat, as the principal points in a discourse, argument, or essay; to give a summary of the principal facts, points, or arguments of; to relate in brief; to summarize. 1913 Webster]
Re`ca*pit"u*late(r, v. i.To sum up, or enumerate by heads or topics, what has been previously said; to repeat briefly the substance. 1913 Webster]
Re`ca*pit`u*la"tion(r, n.[LL. recapitulatio: cf. F. recapitulation.]1.The act of recapitulating; a summary, or concise statement or enumeration, of the principal points, facts, or statements, in a preceding discourse, argument, or essay. 1913 Webster]
2.(Zo\'94l.)That process of development of the individual organism from the embryonic stage onward, which displays a parallel between the development of an individual animal (ontogeny) and the historical evolution of the species (phylogeny). Some authors recognize two types of recapitulation, palingenesis, in which the truly ancestral characters conserved by heredity are reproduced during development; and cenogenesis (kenogenesis or coenogenesis), the mode of individual development in which alterations in the development process have changed the original process of recapitulation and obscured the evolutionary pathway. PJC]
This parallel is explained by the theory of evolution, according to which, in the words of Sidgwick, "the developmental history of the individual appears to be a short and simplified repetition, or in a certain sense a recapitulation, of the course of development of the species." Examples of recapitulation may be found in the embryological development of all vertebrates. Thus the frog develops through stages in which the embryo just before hatching is very fish-like, after hatching becomes a tadpole which exhibits many newt-like characters; and finally reaches the permanent frog stage. This accords with the comparative rank of the fish, newt and frog groups in classification; and also with the succession appearance of these groups. Man, as the highest animal, exhibits most completely these phenomena. In the earliest stages the human embryo is indistinguishable from that of any other creature. A little later the cephalic region shows gill-slits, like those which in a shark are a permanent feature, and the heart is two-chambered or fish-like. Further development closes the gill-slits, and the heart changes to the reptilian type. Here the reptiles stop, while birds and mammals advance further; but the human embryo in its progress to the higher type recapitulates and leaves features characteristic of lower mammalian forms -- for instance, a distinct and comparatively long tail exists. Most of these changes are completed before the embryo is six weeks old, but some traces of primitive and obsolete structures persist throughout life as "vestiges" or "rudimentary organs," and others appear after birth in infancy, as the well-known tendency of babies to turn their feet sideways and inward, and to use their toes and feet as grasping organs, after the manner of monkeys. This recapitulation of ancestral characters in ontogeny is not complete, however, for not all the stages are reproduced in every case, so far as can be perceived; and it is irregular and complicated in various ways among others by the inheritance of acquired characters. The most special students of it, as Haeckel, Fritz Mpalingenesis, exemplified in amphibian larvae and coenogenesis, the last manifested most completely in the metamorphoses of insects. Palingenesis is recapitulation without any fundamental changes due to the later modification of the primitive method of development, while in coenogenesis, the mode of development has suffered alterations which obscure the original process of recapitulation, or support it entirely.Encyclopedia Americana, 1961. PJC]
Re`ca*pit"u*la`tor(r, n.One who recapitulates. 1913 Webster]
Re`ca*pit"u*la*to*ry(r, a.Of the nature of a recapitulation; containing recapitulation. 1913 Webster]
Re*cap"per(r, n.(Firearms)A tool used for applying a fresh percussion cap or primer to a cartridge shell in reloading it. 1913 Webster]
Re*cap"tion(r, n.(Law)The act of retaking, as of one who has escaped after arrest; reprisal; the retaking of one's own goods, chattels, wife, or children, without force or violence, from one who has taken them and who wrongfully detains them.Blackstone. 1913 Webster]
Writ of recaption(Law), a writ to recover damages for him whose goods, being distrained for rent or service, are distrained again for the same cause.Wharton. 1913 Webster]
Re*cap"tor(r, n.One who recaptures; one who takes a prize which had been previously taken. 1913 Webster]
Re*cap"ture(r, n.1.The act of retaking or recovering by capture; especially, the retaking of a prize or goods from a captor. 1913 Webster]
2.That which is captured back; a prize retaken. 1913 Webster]
Re*cap"ture, v. t.To capture again; to retake. 1913 Webster]
Re*car"bon*ize(r, v. t.(Metal.)To restore carbon to; as, to recarbonize iron in converting it into steel. 1913 Webster]
Re*car"ni*fy(r, v. t.To convert again into flesh. [Obs.] Howell. 1913 Webster]
Re*car"riage(r, n.Act of carrying back. 1913 Webster]
Re*car"ry(r, v. t.To carry back.Walton. 1913 Webster]
Re*cast"(r, v. t.1.To throw again.Florio. 1913 Webster]
2.To mold anew; to cast anew; to throw into a new form or shape; to reconstruct; as, to recast cannon; to recast an argument or a play. 1913 Webster]
3.To compute, or cast up, a second time. 1913 Webster]
Rec"che(r, v. i.To reck. [Obs.] Chaucer. 1913 Webster]
Re*cede"(r, v. i.[imp. & p. p.Receded; p. pr. & vb. n.Receding.][L. recedere, recessum; pref. re- re- + cedere to go, to go along: cf. F. rec\'82der. See Cede.]1.To move back; to retreat; to withdraw. 1913 Webster]
Like the hollow roar receding from the insulted shore.Dryden. 1913 Webster]
All bodies moved circularly endeavor to recede from the center.Bentley. 1913 Webster]
2.To withdraw a claim or pretension; to desist; to relinquish what had been proposed or asserted; as, to recede from a demand or proposition. 1913 Webster]
Re*cede"(r, v. t.[Pref. re- + cede. Cf. Recede, v. i.]To cede back; to grant or yield again to a former possessor; as, to recede conquered territory. 1913 Webster]
Re*ceipt"(r, n.[OE. receite, OF. recete, recepte, F. recette, fr. L. recipere, receptum, to receive. See Receive.]1.The act of receiving; reception. \'bdAt the receipt of your letter.\'b8 Shak. 1913 Webster]
2.Reception, as an act of hospitality. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
Thy kind receipt of me.Chapman. 1913 Webster]
3.Capability of receiving; capacity. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
It has become a place of great receipt.Evelyn. 1913 Webster]
4.Place of receiving. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
He saw a man, named Matthew, sitting at the receipt of custom.Matt. ix. 9. 1913 Webster]
5.Hence, a recess; a retired place. [Obs.] \'bdIn a retired receipt together lay.\'b8 Chapman. 1913 Webster]
6.A formulary according to the directions of which things are to be taken or combined; a recipe; as, a receipt for making sponge cake. 1913 Webster]
She had a receipt to make white hair black.Sir T. Browne. 1913 Webster]
7.A writing acknowledging the taking or receiving of goods delivered; an acknowledgment of money paid. 1913 Webster]
8.That which is received; that which comes in, in distinction from what is expended, paid out, sent away, and the like; -- usually in the plural; as, the receipts amounted to a thousand dollars. 1913 Webster]
Gross receipts. See under Gross, a. 1913 Webster]
Re*ceipt", v. t.[imp. & p. p.Receipted; p. pr. & vb. n.Receipting.]1.To give a receipt for; as, to receipt goods delivered by a sheriff. 1913 Webster]
2.To put a receipt on, as by writing or stamping; as, to receipt a bill. 1913 Webster]
Re*ceipt", v. i.To give a receipt, as for money paid. 1913 Webster]
Re*ceipt"ment(r, n.(O. Eng. Law)The receiving or harboring a felon knowingly, after the commission of a felony.Burrill. 1913 Webster]
Re*ceipt"or(r, n.One who receipts; specifically (Law), one who receipts for property which has been taken by the sheriff. 1913 Webster]
Re*ceiv`a*bil"i*ty(r, n.The quality of being receivable; receivableness. 1913 Webster]
Re*ceiv"a*ble(r, a.[Cf. F. recevable.]Capable of being received. -- Re*ceiv"a*ble*ness, n. 1913 Webster]
Bills receivable. See under 6th Bill. 1913 Webster]
Re*ceive"(r, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Received(r; p. pr. & vb. n.Receiving.][OF. receveir, recevoir, F. recevoir, fr. L. recipere; pref. re- re- + capere to take, seize. See Capable, Heave, and cf. Receipt, Reception, Recipe.]1.To take, as something that is offered, given, committed, sent, paid, or the like; to accept; as, to receive money offered in payment of a debt; to receive a gift, a message, or a letter. 1913 Webster]
Receyven all in gree that God us sent.Chaucer. 1913 Webster]
2.Hence: To gain the knowledge of; to take into the mind by assent to; to give admission to; to accept, as an opinion, notion, etc.; to embrace. 1913 Webster]
Our hearts receive your warnings.Shak. 1913 Webster]
The idea of solidity we receive by our touch.Locke. 1913 Webster]
3.To allow, as a custom, tradition, or the like; to give credence or acceptance to. 1913 Webster]
Many other things there be which they have received to hold, as the washing of cups, and pots.Mark vii. 4. 1913 Webster]
4.To give admittance to; to permit to enter, as into one's house, presence, company, and the like; as, to receive a lodger, visitor, ambassador, messenger, etc. 1913 Webster]
They kindled a fire, and received us every one.Acts xxviii. 2. 1913 Webster]
5.To admit; to take in; to hold; to contain; to have capacity for; to be able to take in. 1913 Webster]
The brazen altar that was before the Lord was too little to receive the burnt offerings.1 Kings viii. 64. 1913 Webster]
6.To be affected by something; to suffer; to be subjected to; as, to receive pleasure or pain; to receive a wound or a blow; to receive damage. 1913 Webster]
Against his will he can receive no harm.Milton. 1913 Webster]
7.To take from a thief, as goods known to be stolen. 1913 Webster]
8.(Lawn Tennis)To bat back (the ball) when served. 1913 Webster]
Receiving ship, one on board of which newly recruited sailors are received, and kept till drafted for service. 1913 Webster]
Syn. -- To accept; take; allow; hold; retain; admit. -- Receive, Accept. To receive describes simply the act of taking. To accept denotes the taking with approval, or for the purposes for which a thing is offered. Thus, we receive a letter when it comes to hand; we receive news when it reaches us; we accept a present when it is offered; we accept an invitation to dine with a friend. 1913 Webster]
Who, if we knew receive, would either not accept Milton. 1913 Webster]
Re*ceive"(r, v. i.1.To receive visitors; to be at home to receive calls; as, she receives on Tuesdays. 1913 Webster]
2.(Lawn Tennis)To return, or bat back, the ball when served; as, it is your turn to receive. 1913 Webster]
Re*ceiv"ed*ness, n.The state or quality of being received, accepted, or current; as, the receivedness of an opinion.Boyle. 1913 Webster]
Re*ceiv"er(r, n.[Cf. F. receveur.]1.One who takes or receives in any manner. 1913 Webster]
2.(Law)A person appointed, ordinarily by a court, to receive, and hold in trust, money or other property which is the subject of litigation, pending the suit; a person appointed to take charge of the estate and effects of a corporation, and to do other acts necessary to winding up its affairs, in certain cases.Bouvier. 1913 Webster]
3.One who takes or buys stolen goods from a thief, knowing them to be stolen.Blackstone. 1913 Webster]
4.(Chem.)(a)A vessel connected with an alembic, a retort, or the like, for receiving and condensing the product of distillation.(b)A vessel for receiving and containing gases. 1913 Webster]
5.(Pneumatics)The glass vessel in which the vacuum is produced, and the objects of experiment are put, in experiments with an air pump. Cf. Bell jar, and see Illust. of Air pump. 1913 Webster]
6.(Steam Engine)(a)A vessel for receiving the exhaust steam from the high-pressure cylinder before it enters the low-pressure cylinder, in a compound engine.(b)A capacious vessel for receiving steam from a distant boiler, and supplying it dry to an engine. 1913 Webster]
7.That portion of a telephonic apparatus, or similar system, at which the message is received and made audible; -- opposed to transmitter. 1913 Webster]
8.(Firearms)In portable breech-loading firearms, the steel frame screwed to the breech end of the barrel, which receives the bolt or block, gives means of securing for firing, facilitates loading, and holds the ejector, cut-off, etc. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Exhausted receiver(Physics), a receiver, as that used with the air pump, from which the air has been withdrawn; a vessel the interior of which is a more or less complete vacuum. 1913 Webster]
Re*ceiv"er's cer*tif"i*cate(?). An acknowledgement of indebtedness made by a receiver under order of court to obtain funds for the preservation of the assets held by him, as for operating a railroad. Receivers' certificates are ordinarily a first lien on the assets, prior to that of bonds or other securities. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Re*ceiv"er*ship, n.The state or office of a receiver. 1913 Webster]
Re*cel"e*brate(r, v. t.To celebrate again, or anew. -- Re*cel`e*bra"tion(r, n. 1913 Webster]
Re"cen*cy(r, n.[LL. recentia, fr. L. recens. See Recent.]The state or quality of being recent; newness; new state; late origin; lateness in time; freshness; as, the recency of a transaction, of a wound, etc. 1913 Webster]
Re*cense"(r, v. t.[L. recensere; pref. re- again + censere to value, estimate: cf. F. recenser.]To review; to revise. [R.] Bentley. 1913 Webster]
Re*cen"sion(r, n.[L. recensio: cf. F. recension.]1.The act of reviewing or revising; review; examination; enumeration.Barrow. 1913 Webster]
2.Specifically, the review of a text (as of an ancient author) by an editor; critical revisal and establishment. 1913 Webster]
3.The result of such a work; a text established by critical revision; an edited version. 1913 Webster]
Re*cen"sion*ist, n.One who makes recensions; specifically, a critical editor. 1913 Webster]
Re"cent(r, a.[L. recens, -entis: cf. F. r\'82cent.]1.Of late origin, existence, or occurrence; lately come; not of remote date, antiquated style, or the like; not already known, familiar, worn out, trite, etc.; fresh; novel; new; modern; as, recent news. 1913 Webster]
The ancients were of opinion, that a considerable portion of that country [Egypt] was recent, and formed out of the mud discharged into the neighboring sea by the Nile.Woodward. 1913 Webster]
2.(Geol.)Of or pertaining to the present or existing epoch; as, recent shells. 1913 Webster]
Re*cen"ter(r, v. t.[Pref. re- + center.]To center again; to restore to the center.Coleridge. 1913 Webster]
Re"cent*ly(r, adv.Newly; lately; freshly; not long since; as, advices recently received. 1913 Webster]
Re"cent*ness, n.Quality or state of being recent. 1913 Webster]
Re*cep"ta*cle(r, n.[F. r\'82ceptacle, L. receptaculum, fr. receptare, v. intens. fr. recipere to receive. See Receive.]1.That which serves, or is used, for receiving and containing something, as for examople, a basket, a vase, a bag, a reservoir; a repository. 1913 Webster]
O sacred receptacle of my joys!Shak. 1913 Webster]
2.(Bot.)(a)The apex of the flower stalk, from which the organs of the flower grow, or into which they are inserted. See Illust. of Flower, and Ovary.(b)The dilated apex of a pedicel which serves as a common support to a head of flowers.(c)An intercellular cavity containing oil or resin or other matters.(d)A special branch which bears the fructification in many cryptogamous plants. 1913 Webster]
<-- p. 1198 pr=vmg -->
Rec`ep*tac"u*lar(r, a.[Cf. F. r\'82ceptaculaire.](Bot.)Pertaining to the receptacle, or growing on it; as, the receptacular chaff or scales in the sunflower. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Rec`ep*tac"u*lum(r, n.; pl.Receptacula(r.[L.](Anat.)A receptacle; as, the receptaculum of the chyle. 1913 Webster]
Rec"ep*ta*ry(r, a.Generally or popularly admitted or received. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne. 1913 Webster]
Rec"ep*ta*ry, n.That which is received. [Obs.] \'bdReceptaries of philosophy.\'b8 Sir T. Browne. 1913 Webster]
Re*cep`ti*bil"i*ty(r, n.1.The quality or state of being receptible; receivableness. 1913 Webster]
Re*cep"ti*ble(r, a.[L. receptibilis.]Such as may be received; receivable. 1913 Webster]
Re*cep"tion(r, n.[F. r\'82ception, L. receptio, fr. recipere, receptum. See Receive.]1.The act of receiving; receipt; admission; as, the reception of food into the stomach; the reception of a letter; the reception of sensation or ideas; reception of evidence. 1913 Webster]
2.The state of being received. 1913 Webster]
3.The act or manner of receiving, especially of receiving visitors; entertainment; hence, an occasion or ceremony of receiving guests; as, a hearty reception; an elaborate reception. 1913 Webster]
What reception a poem may find.Goldsmith. 1913 Webster]
4.Acceptance, as of an opinion or doctrine. 1913 Webster]
Philosophers who have quitted the popular doctrines of their countries have fallen into as extravagant opinions as even common reception countenanced.Locke. 1913 Webster]
5.A retaking; a recovery. [Obs.] Bacon. 1913 Webster]
Re*cep"tive(r, a.[Cf. F. r\'82ceptif. See Receive.]Having the quality of receiving; able or inclined to take in, absorb, hold, or contain; receiving or containing; as, a receptive mind. 1913 Webster]
Imaginary space is receptive of all bodies.Glanvill. 1913 Webster]
Re*cep"tive*ness, n.The quality of being receptive. 1913 Webster]
Rec`ep*tiv"i*ty(r, n.[Cf. F. r\'82ceptivit\'82.]1.The state or quality of being receptive. 1913 Webster]
2.(Kantian Philos.)The power or capacity of receiving impressions, as those of the external senses. 1913 Webster]
Re*cep"to*ry(r, n.[Cf. L. receptorium a place of shelter.]Receptacle. [Obs.] Holland. 1913 Webster]
Re*cess"(r, n.[L. recessus, fr. recedere, recessum. See Recede.]1.A withdrawing or retiring; a moving back; retreat; as, the recess of the tides. 1913 Webster]
Every degree of ignorance being so far a recess and degradation from rationality.South. 1913 Webster]
My recess hath given them confidence that I may be conquered.Eikon Basilike. 1913 Webster]
2.The state of being withdrawn; seclusion; privacy. 1913 Webster]
In the recess of the jury they are to consider the evidence.Sir M. Hale. 1913 Webster]
Good verse recess and solitude requires.Dryden. 1913 Webster]
3.Remission or suspension of business or procedure; intermission, as of a legislative body, court, or school; as, the children were allowed to play in the school yard during recess. 1913 Webster]
The recess of . . . Parliament lasted six weeks.Macaulay. 1913 Webster]
4.Part of a room formed by the receding of the wall, as an alcove, niche, etc. 1913 Webster]
A bed which stood in a deep recess.W. Irving. 1913 Webster]
5.A place of retirement, retreat, secrecy, or seclusion. 1913 Webster]
Departure from this happy place, our sweet Recess, and only consolation left.Milton. 1913 Webster]
6.Secret or abstruse part; as, the difficulties and recesses of science; the deepest recesses of the mind.I. Watts. 1913 Webster +PJC]
7.(Bot. & Zo\'94l.)A sinus. 1913 Webster]
Re*cess", v. t.[imp. & p. p.Recessed; p. pr. & vb. n.Recessing.]To make a recess in; as, to recess a wall. 1913 Webster]
Re*cess", n.[G.]A decree of the imperial diet of the old German empire.Brande & C. 1913 Webster]
Re*cessed"(r, a.1.Having a recess or recesses; as, a recessed arch or wall. 1913 Webster]
2.Withdrawn; secluded. [R.] \'bdComfortably recessed from curious impertinents.\'b8 Miss Edgeworth. 1913 Webster]
Recessed arch(Arch.), one of a series of arches constructed one within another so as to correspond with splayed jambs of a doorway, or the like. 1913 Webster]
Re*ces"sion(r, n.[L. recessio, fr. recedere, recessum. See Recede.]1.The act of receding or withdrawing, as from a place, a claim, or a demand.South. 1913 Webster]
Mercy may rejoice upon the recessions of justice.Jer. Taylor. 1913 Webster]
2.(Economics)A period during which economic activity, as measured by gross domestic product, declines for at least two quarters in a row in a specific country. If the decline is severe and long, such as greater than ten percent, it may be termed a depression. PJC]
3.A procession in which people leave a ceremony, such as at a religious service. PJC]
Re*ces"sion, n.[Pref. re- + cession.]The act of ceding back; restoration; repeated cession; as, the recession of conquered territory to its former sovereign. 1913 Webster]
Re*ces"sion*al(?), a.Of or pertaining to recession or withdrawal. 1913 Webster]
Recessional hymn, a hymn sung in a procession returning from the choir to the robing room; a recessional. 1913 Webster]
re*ces"sion*al(r, n.a hymn or other piece of music sung or played while a church congregation is leaving a service, or a choir is returning to the cloak room; a recessional hymn. PJC]
2.(Genetics)Not appearing in the phenotype unless both alleles of the organism have the same trait; -- of genetic characteristics, or of the genes coding for such characteristics, in diploid organisms. Opposite of dominant; hemophilia is a recessive trait. PJC]
Re*ces"sive(r, n.(Genetics)A genetic trait determined by a recessive{2} allele; a trait not appearing in the phenotype unless both chromosomes of the organism have the same allele; also, an allele which is recessive{2}. PJC]
Re"chab*ite(r, n.(Jewish Hist.)One of the descendants of Jonadab, the son of Rechab, all of whom by his injunction abstained from the use of intoxicating drinks and even from planting the vine. Jer. xxxv. 2-19. Also, in modern times, a member of a certain society of abstainers from alcoholic liquors. 1913 Webster]
Re*change"(r, v. t. & i.To change again, or change back. 1913 Webster]
Re*charge"(r, v. t. & i.[Pref. re- + charge: cf. F. recharger.]1.To charge or accuse in return. 1913 Webster]
2.To attack again; to attack anew.Dryden. 1913 Webster]
Re*char"ter(r, n.A second charter; a renewal of a charter.D. Webster. 1913 Webster]
Re*char"ter, v. t.To charter again or anew; to grant a second or another charter to. 1913 Webster]
Re*chase"(r, v. t.[Pref. re- + chase: cf. F. rechasser.]To chase again; to chase or drive back. 1913 Webster]
\'d8R\'82`chauf`f\'82"(?), n.[F., orig. p.p. of r\'82chauffer 8warm over. See Chafe, v. t.]A dish of food that has been warmed again, hence, fig., something made up from old material; a rehash. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
It is merely a r\'82chauff\'82 of ancient philosophies.F. W. H. Myers. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Re*cheat"(r, n.[F. requ\'88t\'82, fr. requ\'88ter to hunt anew. See Request.](Sporting)A strain given on the horn to call back the hounds when they have lost track of the game. 1913 Webster]
Re*cheat", v. i.To blow the recheat.Drayton. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Re*cher`ch\'82"(r, a.[F.]Sought out with care; choice.Hence:of rare quality, elegance, or attractiveness; peculiar and refined in kind. 1913 Webster]
Rech"less(r, a.Reckless. [Obs.] P. Plowman. 1913 Webster]
Re*choose"(r, v. t.To choose again. 1913 Webster]
Re*cid"i*vate(r, v. i.[LL. recidivare. See Recidivous.]To backslide; to fall again. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
Re*cid`i*va"tion(r, n.[LL. recidivatio.]A falling back; a backsliding.Hammond. 1913 Webster]
Re*cid"i*vism(r, n.The state or quality of being recidivous; relapse,specif.(Criminology), a falling back or relapse into prior criminal habits, esp. after conviction and punishment. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
The old English system of recognizances, in which the guilty party deposits a sum of money, is an excellent guarantee to society against recidivism.Havelock Ellis. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Re*cid"i*vist(r, n.One who is recidivous or is characterized by recidivism; an incorrigible criminal. -- Re*cid`i*vis"tic(r, a. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
The criminal by passion never becomes a recidivist, it is the social, not the antisocial, instincts that are strong within him, his crime is a solitary event in his life.Havelock Ellis. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Re*cid"i*vous(r, a.[L. recidivus, fr. recidere to fall back.]Tending or liable to backslide or relapse to a former condition or habit. 1913 Webster]
Rec"i*pe(r, n.; pl.Recipes(r.[L., imperative of recipere to take back, take in, receive. See Receive.]A formulary or prescription for making some combination, mixture, or preparation of materials; a receipt. 1913 Webster]
2.a prescription for medicine. [archaic] 1913 Webster]
2.a prescription for medicine. [archaic] 1913 Webster]
3.a set of directions for preparing food from its ingredients. PJC]
4.a method or procedure for accomplishing a goal by defined steps; -- implying a high probability of achieving the goal; as, a recipe for success. Also used in a negative sense, as, a recipe for disaster. PJC]
Re*cip"i*an`gle(r, n.[L. recipere to take + angulus angle.]An instrument with two arms that are pivoted together at one end, and a graduated arc, -- used by military engineers for measuring and laying off angles of fortifications. 1913 Webster]
{ Re*cip"i*ence(r, Re*cip"i*en*cy(r, }n.The quality or state of being recipient; a receiving; reception; receptiveness. 1913 Webster]
Re*cip"i*ent(r, n.[L. recipiens, -entis, receiving, p. pr. of recipere to receive: cf. F. r\'82cipient. See Receive.]A receiver; the person or thing that receives; one to whom, or that to which, anything is given or communicated; specifically, the receiver of a still. 1913 Webster]
Re*cip"ro*cal(r, a.[L. reciprocus; of unknown origin.]1.Recurring in vicissitude; alternate. 1913 Webster]
2.Done by each to the other; interchanging or interchanged; given and received; due from each to each; mutual; as, reciprocal love; reciprocal duties. 1913 Webster]
Let our reciprocal vows be remembered.Shak. 1913 Webster]
3.Mutually interchangeable. 1913 Webster]
These two rules will render a definition reciprocal with the thing defined.I. Watts. 1913 Webster]
4.(Gram.)Reflexive; -- applied to pronouns and verbs, but sometimes limited to such pronouns as express mutual action. 1913 Webster]
5.(Math.)Used to denote different kinds of mutual relation; often with reference to the substitution of reciprocals for given quantities. See the Phrases below. 1913 Webster]
Reciprocal equation(Math.), one which remains unchanged in form when the reciprocal of the unknown quantity is substituted for that quantity. --
Reciprocal figures(Geom.), two figures of the same kind (as triangles, parallelograms, prisms, etc.), so related that two sides of the one form the extremes of a proportion of which the means are the two corresponding sides of the other; in general, two figures so related that the first corresponds in some special way to the second, and the second corresponds in the same way to the first. --
Reciprocal proportion(Math.), a proportion such that, of four terms taken in order, the first has to the second the same ratio which the fourth has to the third, or the first has to the second the same ratio which the reciprocal of the third has to the reciprocal of the fourth. Thus, 2:5: :20:8 form a reciprocal proportion, because 2:5: : --
Reciprocal quantities(Math.), any two quantities which produce unity when multiplied together. --
Reciprocal ratio(Math.), the ratio between the reciprocals of two quantities; as, the reciprocal ratio of 4 to 9 is that of --
Reciprocal terms(Logic), those terms which have the same signification, and, consequently, are convertible, and may be used for each other. 1913 Webster]
Syn. -- Mutual; alternate. -- Reciprocal, Mutual. The distinctive idea of mutual is, that the parties unite by interchange in the same act; as, a mutual covenant; mutual affection, etc. The distinctive idea of reciprocal is, that one party acts by way of return or response to something previously done by the other party; as, a reciprocal kindness; reciprocal reproaches, etc. Love is reciprocal when the previous affection of one party has drawn forth the attachment of the other. To make it mutual in the strictest sense, the two parties should have fallen in love at the same time; but as the result is the same, the two words are here used interchangeably. The ebbing and flowing of the tide is a case where the action is reciprocal, but not mutual. 1913 Webster]
Re*cip"ro*cal, n.1.That which is reciprocal to another thing. 1913 Webster]
Corruption is a reciprocal to generation.Bacon. 1913 Webster]
2.(Arith. & Alg.)The quotient arising from dividing unity by any quantity; thus reciprocal of 4; 1/(a + b) is the reciprocal of a + b. The reciprocal of a fraction is the fraction inverted, or the denominator divided by the numerator. 1913 Webster]
Re*cip`ro*cal"i*ty(r, n.The quality or condition of being reciprocal; reciprocalness. [R.] 1913 Webster]
Re*cip"ro*cal*ly(r, adv.1.In a reciprocal manner; so that each affects the other, and is equally affected by it; interchangeably; mutually. 1913 Webster]
These two particles do reciprocally affect each other with the same force.Bentley. 1913 Webster]
2.(Math.)In the manner of reciprocals. 1913 Webster]
Reciprocally proportional(Arith. & Alg.), proportional, as two variable quantities, so that the one shall have a constant ratio to the reciprocal of the other. 1913 Webster]
Re*cip"ro*cal*ness(r, n.The quality or condition of being reciprocal; mutual return; alternateness. 1913 Webster]
Re*cip"ro*cate(r, v. i.[imp. & p. p.Reciprocated(r; p. pr. & vb. n.Reciprocating.][L. reciprocatus, p. p. of reciprocare. See Reciprocal.]To move forward and backward alternately; to recur in vicissitude; to act interchangeably; to alternate. 1913 Webster]
One brawny smith the puffing bellows plies, reciprocating air.Dryden. 1913 Webster]
Reciprocating engine, a steam, air, or gas engine, etc., in which the piston moves back and forth; -- in distinction from a rotary engine, in which the piston travels continuously in one direction in a circular path. --
Reciprocating motion(Mech.), motion alternately backward and forward, or up and down, as of a piston rod. 1913 Webster]
Re*cip"ro*cate, v. t.To give and return mutually; to make return for; to give in return; to interchange; to alternate; as, to reciprocate favors.Cowper. 1913 Webster]
Re*cip`ro*ca"tion(r, n.[L. reciprocatio: cf. F. r\'82ciprocation.]1.The act of reciprocating; interchange of acts; a mutual giving and returning; as, the reciprocation of kindness. 1913 Webster]
2.Alternate recurrence or action; as, the reciprocation of the sea in the flow and ebb of tides.Sir T. Browne. 1913 Webster]
Rec`i*proc"i*ty(r, n.[Cf. F. r\'82ciprocit\'82. See Reciprocal.]1.Mutual action and reaction. 1913 Webster]
2.Reciprocal advantages, obligations, or rights; reciprocation. 1913 Webster]
Reciprocity treaty, Treaty of reciprocity, a treaty concluded between two countries, conferring equal privileges as regards customs or charges on imports, or in other respects. 1913 Webster]
Re*cip`ro*cor"nous(r, a.[L. reciprocus returning, reciprocal + cornu horn.](Zo\'94l.)Having horns turning backward and then forward, like those of a ram. [R.] Ash. 1913 Webster]
Rec"i*prok(r, a.[F. r\'82ciproque, L. reciprocus.]Reciprocal. [Obs.] B. Jonson. 1913 Webster]
Rec"i*proque(r, a. & n.[F. r\'82ciproque.]Reciprocal.Bacon. 1913 Webster]
Re*ci"sion(r, n.[L. recisio, fr. recidere, recisum, to cut off; pref. re- re- + caedere to cut.]The act of cutting off.Sherwood. 1913 Webster]
Re*cit"al(r, n.[From Recite.]1.The act of reciting; the repetition of the words of another, or of a document; rehearsal; as, the recital of testimony. 1913 Webster]
2.A telling in detail and due order of the particulars of anything, as of a law, an adventure, or a series of events; narration.Addison. 1913 Webster]
3.That which is recited; a story; a narration. 1913 Webster]
4.(Mus.)A vocal or instrumental performance by one person; -- distinguished from concert; as, a song recital; an organ, piano, or violin recital. 1913 Webster]
5.(Law)The formal statement, or setting forth, of some matter of fact in any deed or writing in order to explain the reasons on which the transaction is founded; the statement of matter in pleading introductory to some positive allegation.Burn. 1913 Webster]
Rec`i*ta"tion(r, n.[L. recitatio: cf. F. r\'82citation. See Recite.]1.The act of reciting; rehearsal; repetition of words or sentences.Hammond. 1913 Webster]
2.The delivery before an audience of something committed to memory, especially as an elocutionary exhibition; also, that which is so delivered. 1913 Webster]
3.(Colleges and Schools)The rehearsal of a lesson by pupils before their instructor. 1913 Webster]
Rec`i*ta*tive"(r, n.[It. recitativo, or F. r\'82citatif. See Recite.](Mus.)A species of musical recitation in which the words are delivered in a manner resembling that of ordinary declamation; also, a piece of music intended for such recitation; -- opposed to melisma. 1913 Webster]
Rec`i*ta*tive", a.Of or pertaining to recitation; intended for musical recitation or declamation; in the style or manner of recitative. -- Rec`i*ta*tive"ly, adv. 1913 Webster]
Re*cite"(r, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Recited; p. pr. & vb. n.Reciting.][F. r\'82citer, fr. L. recitare, recitatum; pref. re- re- + citare to call or name, to cite. See Cite.]1.To repeat, as something already prepared, written down, committed to memory, or the like; to deliver from a written or printed document, or from recollection; to rehearse; as, to recite the words of an author, or of a deed or covenant. 1913 Webster]
2.To tell over; to go over in particulars; to relate; to narrate; as, to recite past events; to recite the particulars of a voyage. 1913 Webster]
3.To rehearse, as a lesson to an instructor. 1913 Webster]
4.(Law)To state in or as a recital. See Recital, 5. 1913 Webster]
Re*cite", v. i.To repeat, pronounce, or rehearse, as before an audience, something prepared or committed to memory; to rehearse a lesson learned. 1913 Webster]
Re*cite", n.A recital. [Obs.] Sir W. Temple. 1913 Webster]
Re*cit"er(r, n.One who recites; also, a book of extracts for recitation. 1913 Webster]
Reck(r, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Recked(r (obs. imp.Roughte); p. pr. & vb. n.Recking.][AS. reccan, r, to care for; akin to OS. r, OHG. ruochan, G. geruhen, Icel. r\'91kja, also to E. reckon, rake an implement. See Rake, and cf. Reckon.]1.To make account of; to care for; to heed; to regard. [Archaic] 1913 Webster]
This son of mine not recking danger.Sir P. Sidney. 1913 Webster]
And may you better reck the rede Burns. 1913 Webster]
2.To concern; -- used impersonally. [Poetic] 1913 Webster]
What recks it them?Milton. 1913 Webster]
<-- p. 1199 pr=vmg -->
Reck(r, v. i.To make account; to take heed; to care; to mind; -- often followed by of. [Archaic] 1913 Webster]
Then reck I not, when I have lost my life.Chaucer. 1913 Webster]
I reck not though I end my life to-day.Shak. 1913 Webster]
Of me she recks not, nor my vain desire.M. Arnold. 1913 Webster]
-- Reck"less*ly, adv. -- Reck"less*ness, n. 1913 Webster]
Reck"ling(r, a.Needing care; weak; feeble; as, a reckling child.H. Taylor. -- n.A weak child or animal.Tennyson. 1913 Webster]
Reck"on(r, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Reckoned(r; p. pr. & vb. n.Reckoning.][OE. rekenen, AS. gerecenian to explain; akin to D. rekenen to reckon, G. rechnen, OHG. rehhan (cf. Goth. rahnjan), and to E. reck, rake an implement; the original sense probably being, to bring together, count together. See Reck, v. t.] 1913 Webster]
1.To count; to enumerate; to number; also, to compute; to calculate. 1913 Webster]
The priest shall reckon to him the money according to the years that remain.Lev. xxvii. 18. 1913 Webster]
I reckoned above two hundred and fifty on the outside of the church.Addison. 1913 Webster]
2.To count as in a number, rank, or series; to estimate by rank or quality; to place by estimation; to account; to esteem; to repute. 1913 Webster]
He was reckoned among the transgressors.Luke xxii. 37. 1913 Webster]
For him I reckon not in high estate.Milton. 1913 Webster]
3.To charge, attribute, or adjudge to one, as having a certain quality or value. 1913 Webster]
Faith was reckoned to Abraham for righteousness.Rom. iv. 9. 1913 Webster]
Without her eccentricities being reckoned to her for a crime.Hawthorne. 1913 Webster]
4.To conclude, as by an enumeration and balancing of chances; hence, to think; to suppose; -- followed by an objective clause; as, I reckon he won't try that again. [Prov. Eng. & Colloq. U. S.] 1913 Webster]
Syn. -- To number; enumerate; compute; calculate; estimate; value; esteem; account; repute. See Calculate, Guess. 1913 Webster]
Reck"on, v. i.1.To make an enumeration or computation; to engage in numbering or computing.Shak. 1913 Webster]
2.To come to an accounting; to make up accounts; to settle; to examine and strike the balance of debt and credit; to adjust relations of desert or penalty. 1913 Webster]
\'bdParfay,\'b8 sayst thou, \'bdsometime he reckon shall.\'b8Chaucer. 1913 Webster]
To reckon for, to answer for; to pay the account for. \'bdIf they fail in their bounden duty, they shall reckon for it one day.\'b8 Bp. Sanderson. --
To reckon on
To reckon upon, to count or depend on; to include as a factor within one's considerations. --
To reckon with, (a)to settle accounts or claims with; -- used literally or figuratively.(b)to include as a factor in one's plans or calculations; to anticipate.(c)to deal with; to handle; as, I have to reckon with raising three children as well as doing my job. 1913 Webster +PJC]
After a long time the lord of those servants cometh, and reckoneth with them.Matt. xxv. 19. 1913 Webster]
--
To reckon without one's host, to ignore in a calculation or arrangement the person whose assent is essential; hence, to reckon erroneously. 1913 Webster]
Reck"on*er(r, n.One who reckons or computes; also, a book of calculations, tables, etc., to assist in reckoning. 1913 Webster]
Reckoners without their host must reckon twice.Camden. 1913 Webster]
Reck"on*ing, n.1.The act of one who reckons, counts, or computes; the result of reckoning or counting; calculation. Specifically: (a)An account of time.Sandys.(b)Adjustment of claims and accounts; settlement of obligations, liabilities, etc. 1913 Webster]
Even reckoning makes lasting friends, and the way to make reckonings even is to make them often.South. 1913 Webster]
He quitted London, never to return till the day of a terrible and memorable reckoning had arrived.Macaulay. 1913 Webster]
2.The charge or account made by a host at an inn. 1913 Webster]
A coin would have a nobler use than to pay a reckoning.Addison. 1913 Webster]
3.Esteem; account; estimation. 1913 Webster]
You make no further reckoning of it [beauty] than of an outward fading benefit nature bestowed.Sir P. Sidney. 1913 Webster]
4.(Navigation)(a)The calculation of a ship's position, either from astronomical observations, or from the record of the courses steered and distances sailed as shown by compass and log, -- in the latter case called dead reckoning (see under Dead); -- also used for dead reckoning in contradistinction to observation.(b)The position of a ship as determined by calculation. 1913 Webster]
To be out of her reckoning, to be at a distance from the place indicated by the reckoning; -- said of a ship. --
day of reckoningthe day or time when one must pay one's debts, fulfill one's obligations, or be punished for one's transgressions. 1913 Webster +PJC]
Re*claim"(r, v. t.To claim back; to demand the return of as a right; to attempt to recover possession of. 1913 Webster]
A tract of land [Holland] snatched from an element perpetually reclaiming its prior occupancy.W. Coxe. 1913 Webster]
Re*claim"(r, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Reclaimed(r; p. pr. & vb. n.Reclaiming.][F. r\'82clamer, L. reclamare, reclamatum, to cry out against; pref. re- re- + clamare to call or cry aloud. See Claim.]1.To call back, as a hawk to the wrist in falconry, by a certain customary call.Chaucer. 1913 Webster]
2.To call back from flight or disorderly action; to call to, for the purpose of subduing or quieting. 1913 Webster]
The headstrong horses hurried Octavius . . . along, and were deaf to his reclaiming them.Dryden. 1913 Webster]
3.To reduce from a wild to a tamed state; to bring under discipline; -- said especially of birds trained for the chase, but also of other animals. \'bdAn eagle well reclaimed.\'b8 Dryden. 1913 Webster]
4.Hence: To reduce to a desired state by discipline, labor, cultivation, or the like; to rescue from being wild, desert, waste, submerged, or the like; as, to reclaim wild land, overflowed land, etc. 1913 Webster]
5.To call back to rectitude from moral wandering or transgression; to draw back to correct deportment or course of life; to reform. 1913 Webster]
It is the intention of Providence, in all the various expressions of his goodness, to reclaim mankind.Rogers. 1913 Webster]
6.To correct; to reform; -- said of things. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
Your error, in time reclaimed, will be venial.Sir E. Hoby. 1913 Webster]
7.To exclaim against; to gainsay. [Obs.] Fuller. 1913 Webster]
Syn. -- To reform; recover; restore; amend; correct. 1913 Webster]
Re*claim"(r, v. i.1.To cry out in opposition or contradiction; to exclaim against anything; to contradict; to take exceptions. 1913 Webster]
Scripture reclaims, and the whole Catholic church reclaims, and Christian ears would not hear it.Waterland. 1913 Webster]
At a later period Grote reclaimed strongly against Mill's setting Whately above Hamilton.Bain. 1913 Webster]
2.To bring anyone back from evil courses; to reform. 1913 Webster]
They, hardened more by what might most reclaim, Milton. 1913 Webster]
3.To draw back; to give way. [R. & Obs.] Spenser. 1913 Webster]
Re*claim", n.The act of reclaiming, or the state of being reclaimed; reclamation; recovery. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
Re*claim"a*ble(r, a.That may be reclaimed. 1913 Webster]
Re*claim"ant(r, n.[Cf. F. r\'82clamant, p. pr.]One who reclaims; one who cries out against or contradicts.Waterland. 1913 Webster]
Re*claim"er(r, n.One who reclaims. 1913 Webster]
Re*claim"less, a.That can not be reclaimed. 1913 Webster]
Rec`la*ma"tion(r, n.[F. r\'82clamation, L. reclamatio. See Reclaim.]1.The act or process of reclaiming. 1913 Webster]
2.Representation made in opposition; remonstrance. 1913 Webster]
I would now, on the reclamation both of generosity and of justice, try clemency.Landor. 1913 Webster]
Re*clasp"(r, v. i.To clasp or unite again. 1913 Webster]
Re*clin"ant(r, a.[L. reclinans, p. pr. See Recline.]Bending or leaning backward. 1913 Webster]
Rec"li*nate(r, a.[L. reclinatus, p. p.](Bot.)Reclined, as a leaf; bent downward, so that the point, as of a stem or leaf, is lower than the base. 1913 Webster]
Rec`li*na"tion(r, n.[Cf. F. r\'82clinaison.]1.The act of leaning or reclining, or the state of being reclined. 1913 Webster]
2.(Dialing)The angle which the plane of the dial makes with a vertical plane which it intersects in a horizontal line.Brande & C. 1913 Webster]
3.(Surg.)The act or process of removing a cataract, by applying the needle to its anterior surface, and depressing it into the vitreous humor in such a way that the front surface of the cataract becomes the upper one and its back surface the lower one.Dunglison. 1913 Webster]
Re*cline"(r, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Reclined(r; p. pr. & vb. n.Reclining.][L. reclinare; pref. re- re- + clinare to lean, incline. See Incline, Lean to incline.]To cause or permit to lean, incline, rest, etc.; to place in a recumbent position; as, to recline the head on the hand. 1913 Webster]
The mother Reclined her dying head upon his breast.Dryden. 1913 Webster]
Re*cline", v. i.1.To lean or incline; as, to recline against a wall. 1913 Webster]
2.To assume, or to be in, a recumbent position; as, to recline on a couch. 1913 Webster]
Re*cline", a.[L. reclinis. See Recline, v. t.]Having a reclining posture; leaning; reclining. [R.] 1913 Webster]
They sat, recline Milton. 1913 Webster]
Re*clined"(r, a.(Bot.)Falling or turned downward; reclinate. 1913 Webster]
Re*clin"er(r, n.1.One who, or that which, reclines. 1913 Webster]
2.Specifically:An armchair with a back that can be adjusted to lean backward, and a footrest that can be moved up to support the legs, or folded under the chair when the person is sitting up; the back and footrest are often geared so that they move together, allowing the chair to be conveniently adjusted either for sitting up or for lying back; also called a reclining chair. PJC]
Re*clin"ing, a.(Bot.)(a)Bending or curving gradually back from the perpendicular.(b)Recumbent. 1913 Webster]
Reclining dial, a dial whose plane is inclined to the vertical line through its center. Davies & Peck(Math. Dict.). 1913 Webster]
Re*close"(r, v. t.To close again.Pope. 1913 Webster]
Re*clothe"(r, v. t.To clothe again. 1913 Webster]
Re*clude"(r, v. t.[L. recludere to unclose, open; pref. re- again, back, un- + claudere to shut.]To open; to unclose. [R.] Harvey. 1913 Webster]
Re*cluse"(r, a.[F. reclus, L. reclusus, from recludere, reclusum, to unclose, open, in LL., to shut up. See Close.]Shut up, sequestered; retired from the world or from public notice; solitary; living apart; as, a recluse monk or hermit; a recluse life 1913 Webster]
In meditation deep, recluse J. Philips. 1913 Webster]
Re*cluse", n.[F. reclus, LL. reclusus. See Recluse, a.]1.A person who lives in seclusion from intercourse with the world, as a hermit or monk; specifically, one of a class of secluded devotees who live in single cells, usually attached to monasteries. 1913 Webster]
2.The place where a recluse dwells. [Obs.] Foxe. 1913 Webster]
Re*cluse", v. t.To shut up; to seclude. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
Re*cluse"ly, adv.In a recluse or solitary manner. 1913 Webster]
Re*cluse"ness, n.Quality or state of being recluse. 1913 Webster]
Re*clu"sion(r, n.[LL. reclusio: cf. F. reclusion.]A state of retirement from the world; seclusion. 1913 Webster]
Re*clu"sive(r, a.1.Affording retirement from society. \'bdSome reclusive and religious life.\'b8 Shak. 1913 Webster]
2.Disposed to avoid the company of other people; living like a recluse{1}; not sociable; -- of people. PJC]
Re*clu"so*ry(r, n.[LL. reclusorium.]The habitation of a recluse; a hermitage. 1913 Webster]
Re*coct"(r, v. t.[L. recoctus, p. p. of recoquere to cook or boil over again. See Re-, and 4th Cook.]To boil or cook again; hence, to make over; to vamp up; to reconstruct. [Obs.] Jer. Taylor. 1913 Webster]
Re*coc"tion(r, n.A second coction or preparation; a vamping up. 1913 Webster]
Rec`og*ni"tion(r, n.[L. recognitio: cf. F. recognition. See Recognizance.]The act of recognizing, or the state of being recognized; acknowledgment; formal avowal; knowledge confessed or avowed; notice. 1913 Webster]
The lives of such saints had, at the time of their yearly memorials, solemn recognition in the church of God.Hooker. 1913 Webster]
Re*cog"ni*tor(r, n.[LL.](Law)One of a jury impaneled on an assize.Blackstone. 1913 Webster]
Re*cog"ni*to*ry(r, a.Pertaining to, or connected with, recognition.Lamb. 1913 Webster]
Rec`og*ni`za*bil"i*ty(r, n.The quality or condition of being recognizable. 1913 Webster]
Rec"og*ni`za*ble(r, a.Capable of being recognized.[Written also recognisable.] -- Rec"og*ni`za*bly, adv. 1913 Webster]
Re*cog"ni*zance(r, n.[F. reconnaissance, OF. recognoissance, fr. recognoissant, p. pr. of recognoistre to recognize, F. reconna\'8ctre, fr. L. recognoscere; pref. re- re- + cognoscere to know. See Cognizance, Know, and cf. Recognize, Reconnoissance.][Written also recognisance.]1.(Law)(a)An obligation of record entered into before some court of record or magistrate duly authorized, with condition to do some particular act, as to appear at the same or some other court, to keep the peace, or pay a debt. A recognizance differs from a bond, being witnessed by the record only, and not by the party's seal.(b)The verdict of a jury impaneled upon assize.Cowell. 1913 Webster]
g in this and the related words (except recognize) is usually silent. 1913 Webster]
2.A token; a symbol; a pledge; a badge. 1913 Webster]
That recognizance and pledge of love Shak. 1913 Webster]
3.Acknowledgment of a person or thing; avowal; profession; recognition. 1913 Webster]
Rec"og*nize(r, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Recognized(r; p. pr. & vb. n.Recognizing(r.][From Recognizance; see Cognition, and cf. Reconnoiter.][Written also recognise.]1.To know again; to perceive the identity of, with a person or thing previously known; to recover or recall knowledge of. 1913 Webster]
Speak, vassal; recognize thy sovereign queen.Harte. 1913 Webster]
2.To avow knowledge of; to allow that one knows; to consent to admit, hold, or the like; to admit with a formal acknowledgment; as, to recognize an obligation; to recognize a consul. 1913 Webster]
3.To acknowledge acquaintance with, as by salutation, bowing, or the like. 1913 Webster]
4.To show appreciation of; as, to recognize services by a testimonial. 1913 Webster]
5.To review; to re\'89xamine. [Obs.] South. 1913 Webster]
6.To reconnoiter. [Obs.] R. Monro. 1913 Webster]
Syn. -- To acknowledge; avow; confess; own; allow; concede. See Acknowledge. 1913 Webster]
Rec"og*nize, v. i.(Law)To enter an obligation of record before a proper tribunal; as, A B recognized in the sum of twenty dollars.[Written also recognise.] 1913 Webster]
1913 Webster]
Re*cog`ni*zee"(r, n.(Law)The person in whose favor a recognizance is made.[Written also recognisee.]Blackstone. 1913 Webster]
Rec"og*ni`zer(r, n.One who recognizes; a recognizor.[Written also recogniser.] 1913 Webster]
Re*cog`ni*zor"(r, n.(Law)One who enters into a recognizance.[Written also recognisor.]Blackstone. 1913 Webster]
Rec"og*nosce(r, v. t.[L. recognoscere. See Recognizance.]To recognize. [R. & Obs.] Boyle. 1913 Webster]
Re*coil"(r, v. i.[imp. & p. p.Recoiled(r; p. pr. & vb. n.Recoiling.][OE. recoilen, F. reculer, fr. L. pref. re- re- + culus the fundament. The English word was perhaps influenced in form by accoil.] 1913 Webster]
1.To start, roll, bound, spring, or fall back; to take a reverse motion; to be driven or forced backward; to return. 1913 Webster]
Evil on itself shall back recoil.Milton. 1913 Webster]
The solemnity of her demeanor made it impossible . . . that we should recoil into our ordinary spirits.De Quincey. 1913 Webster]
2.To draw back, as from anything repugnant, distressing, alarming, or the like; to shrink.Shak. 1913 Webster]
3.To turn or go back; to withdraw one's self; to retire. [Obs.] \'bdTo your bowers recoil.\'b8 Spenser. 1913 Webster]
Re*coil"(r, v. t.To draw or go back. [Obs.] Spenser. 1913 Webster]
Re*coil", n.1.A starting or falling back; a rebound; a shrinking; as, the recoil of nature, or of the blood. 1913 Webster]
2.The state or condition of having recoiled. 1913 Webster]
The recoil from formalism is skepticism.F. W. Robertson. 1913 Webster]
3.Specifically, the reaction or rebounding of a firearm when discharged. 1913 Webster]
Recoil dynamometer(Gunnery), an instrument for measuring the force of the recoil of a firearm. --
Recoil escapement. See the Note under Escapement. 1913 Webster]
Re*coil"er(r, n.One who, or that which, recoils. 1913 Webster]
Re*coil"ing*ly, adv.In the manner of a recoil. 1913 Webster]
Re*coil"ment, n.[Cf. F. reculement.]Recoil. [R.] 1913 Webster]
Re*coin"(r, v. t.To coin anew or again. 1913 Webster]
Re*coin"age(r, n.1.The act of coining anew. 1913 Webster]
2.That which is coined anew. 1913 Webster]
Re`-col*lect"(r, v. t.[Pref. re- + collect.]To collect again; to gather what has been scattered; as, to re-collect routed troops. 1913 Webster]
God will one day raise the dead, re-collecting our scattered dust.Barrow. 1913 Webster]
Rec`ol*lect"(r, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Recollected; p. pr. & vb. n.Recollecting.][Pref. re- + collect: cf. L. recolligere, recollectum, to collect. Cf. Recollet.] 1913 Webster]
1.To recover or recall the knowledge of; to bring back to the mind or memory; to remember. 1913 Webster]
2.Reflexively, to compose one's self; to recover self-command; as, to recollect one's self after a burst of anger; -- sometimes, formerly, in the perfect participle. 1913 Webster]
The Tyrian queen . . . recollected stood.Dryden. 1913 Webster]
Rec"ol*lect(r, n.[See Recollet.](Eccl.)A friar of the Strict Observance, -- an order of Franciscans.[Written also Recollet.]Addis & Arnold. 1913 Webster]
<-- p. 1200 -->
Rec`ol*lec"tion(r?k`?l*l?k"sh?n), n.[Cf. F. r\'82collection.]1.The act of recollecting, or recalling to the memory; the operation by which objects are recalled to the memory, or ideas revived in the mind; reminiscence; remembrance. 1913 Webster]
2.The power of recalling ideas to the mind, or the period within which things can be recollected; remembrance; memory; as, an event within my recollection. 1913 Webster]
3.That which is recollected; something called to mind; reminiscence. \'bdOne of his earliest recollections.\'b8 Macaulay. 1913 Webster]
4.The act or practice of collecting or concentrating the mind; concentration; self-control. [Archaic] 1913 Webster]
From such an education Charles contracted habits of gravity and recollection.Robertson. 1913 Webster]
Syn. -- Reminiscence; remembrance. See Memory. 1913 Webster]
Rec`ol*lect"ive(-l?k"t?v), a.Having the power of recollecting.J. Foster. 1913 Webster]
Rec"ol*let(r?k"?l*l?t; F. r?`k?`l?"), n.[F. r\'82collet, fr. L. recollectus, p. p. of recolligere to gather again, to gather up; NL., to collect one's self, esp. for religious contemplation.](Eccl.)Same as Recollect, n. 1913 Webster]
Re*col`o*ni*za"tion(r?*k?l`?*n?*z?"sh?n), n.A second or renewed colonization. 1913 Webster]
Re*col"o*nize(r?*k?l"?*n?z), v. t.To colonize again. 1913 Webster]
Re*com`bi*na"tion(r?*k?m`b?*n?"sh?n), n.Combination a second or additional time. 1913 Webster]
Re`com*bine"(r?`k?m*b?n"), v. t.To combine again. 1913 Webster]
Re*com"fort(r?*k?m"f?rt), v. t.[Pref. re- + comfort: cf. F. r\'82conforter.]To comfort again; to console anew; to give new strength to.Bacon. 1913 Webster]
Gan her recomfort from so sad affright.Spenser. 1913 Webster]
Re*com"for*ture(-f?r*t?r;135), n.The act of recomforting; restoration of comfort. [Obs.] Shak. 1913 Webster]
Re`com*mence"(r?`k?m*m?ns"), v. i.1.To commence or begin again.Howell. 1913 Webster]
2.To begin anew to be; to act again as. [Archaic.] 1913 Webster]
He seems desirous enough of recommencing courtier.Johnson. 1913 Webster]
Re`com*mence", v. t.[Pref. re- + commence: cf. F. recommencer.]To commence again or anew. 1913 Webster]
Re`com*mence"ment(-m, n.A commencement made anew. 1913 Webster]
Rec`om*mend"(r?k`?m*m?nd"), v. t.[imp. & p. p.Recommended; p. pr. & vb. n.Recommending.][Pref. re- + commend: cf. F. recommander.]1.To commend to the favorable notice of another; to commit to another's care, confidence, or acceptance, with favoring representations; to put in a favorable light before any one; to bestow commendation on; as, he recommended resting the mind and exercising the body. 1913 Webster]
M\'91cenas recommended Virgil and Horace to Augustus, whose praises . . . have made him precious to posterity.Dryden. 1913 Webster]
2.To make acceptable; to attract favor to. 1913 Webster]
A decent boldness ever meets with friends, recommends.Pope. 1913 Webster]
3.To commit; to give in charge; to commend. 1913 Webster]
Paul chose Silas and departed, being recommended by the brethren unto the grace of God.Acts xv. 40. 1913 Webster]
Rec`om*mend"a*ble(-?*b'l), a.[Cf. F. recommandable.]Suitable to be recommended; worthy of praise; commendable.Glanvill. -- Rec`om*mend"a*ble*ness, n. -- Rec`om*mend"a*bly, adv. 1913 Webster]
Rec`om*men*da"tion(r?k`?m*m?n*d?"sh?n), n.[Cf. F. recommandation.]1.The act of recommending. 1913 Webster]
2.That which recommends, or commends to favor; anything procuring, or tending to procure, a favorable reception, or to secure acceptance and adoption; as, he brought excellent recommendations. 1913 Webster]
3.The state of being recommended; esteem. [R.] 1913 Webster]
The burying of the dead . . . hath always been had in an extraordinary recommendation amongst the ancient.Sir T. North. 1913 Webster]
Rec`om*mend"a*tive(-m?nd"?*t?v), n.That which recommends; a recommendation. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
Rec`om*mend"a*to*ry(-?*t?*r?), a.Serving to recommend; recommending; commendatory.Swift. 1913 Webster]
Rec`om*mend"er(-?r), n.One who recommends. 1913 Webster]
Re`com*mis"sion(r?`k?m*m?sh?n), v. t.To commission again; to give a new commission to. 1913 Webster]
Officers whose time of service had expired were to be recommissioned.Marshall. 1913 Webster]
Re`com*mit"(-m?t"), v. t.To commit again; to give back into keeping; specifically, to refer again to a committee; as, to recommit a bill to the same committee. 1913 Webster]
{ Re`com*mit"ment(-m, Re`com*mit"tal(-?l), }n.A second or renewed commitment; a renewed reference to a committee. 1913 Webster]
Re`com*pact"(-p?kt"), v. t.To compact or join anew. \'bdRecompact my scattered body.\'b8 Donne. 1913 Webster]
2.(Scots Law)Used to denote a case where a set-off pleaded by the defendant is met by a set-off pleaded by the plaintiff. 1913 Webster]
Rec"om*pense(r\'cbk"\'cem*p\'cbns), v. t.[imp. & p. p.Recompensed(-p?nst); p. pr. & vb. n.Recompensing(-p?n`s?ng).][F. r\'82compenser, LL. recompensare, fr.L. pref. re- re- + compensare to compensate. See Compensate.]1.To render an equivalent to, for service, loss, etc.; to requite; to remunerate; to compensate. 1913 Webster]
He can not recompense me better.Shak. 1913 Webster]
2.To return an equivalent for; to give compensation for; to atone for; to pay for. 1913 Webster]
God recompenseth the gift.Robynson (More's Utopia). 1913 Webster]
To recompense Milton. 1913 Webster]
3.To give in return; to pay back; to pay, as something earned or deserved. [R.] 1913 Webster]
Recompense to no man evil for evil.Rom. xii. 17. 1913 Webster]
Syn. -- To repay; requite; compensate; reward; remunerate. 1913 Webster]
Rec"om*pense(r?k"?m*p?ns), v. i.To give recompense; to make amends or requital. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
Rec"om*pense, n.[Cf. F. r\'82compense.]An equivalent returned for anything done, suffered, or given; compensation; requital; suitable return. 1913 Webster]
To me belongeth vengeance, and recompense.Deut. xxii. 35. 1913 Webster]
And every transgression and disobedience received a just recompense of reward.Heb. ii. 2. 1913 Webster]
Rec"om*pen`ser(-p?n`s?r), n.One who recompenses. 1913 Webster]
A thankful recompenser of the benefits received.Foxe. 1913 Webster]
Rec"om*pen`sive(-s?v), a.Of the nature of recompense; serving to recompense.Sir T. Browne. 1913 Webster]
Re*com`pi*la"tion(r?*k?m`p?*l?"tion), n.A new compilation. 1913 Webster]
Re`com*pile"(r\'c7`k\'cem*p\'c6l"), v. t.To compile anew. 1913 Webster]
Re`com*pile"ment(-m, n.The act of recompiling; new compilation or digest; as, a recompilement of the laws.Bacon. 1913 Webster]
Re`com*pose"(-p?z"), v. t.[imp. & p. p.Recomposed(-p?zd"); p. pr. & vb. n.Recomposing.][Pref. re- + compose: cf. F. recomposer.]1.To compose again; to form anew; to put together again or repeatedly. 1913 Webster]
The far greater number of the objects presented to our observation can only be decomposed, but not actually recomposed.Sir W. Hamilton. 1913 Webster]
2.To restore to composure; to quiet anew; to tranquilize; as, to recompose the mind.Jer. Taylor. 1913 Webster]
Re`com*pos"er(-p?z"?r), n.One who recomposes. 1913 Webster]
Re*com`po*si"tion(r?*k?m`p?z?sh?n), n.[Cf. F. recomposition.]The act of recomposing. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Re*con`cen*tra"do(?), n.[Sp., p.p. of reconcentrar to inclose, to reconcentrate.]Lit., one who has been reconcentrated; specif., in Cuba, the Philippines, etc., during the revolution of 1895-98, one of the rural noncombatants who were concentrated by the military authorities in areas surrounding the fortified towns, and later were reconcentrated in the smaller limits of the towns themselves. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Re`con*cen"trate(?), v. t. & i.To concentrate again; to concentrate thoroughly. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Re*con`cen*tra"tion(?), n.The act of reconcentrating or the state of being reconcentrated; esp., the act or policy of concentrating the rural population in or about towns and villages for convenience in political or military administration, as in Cuba during the revolution of 1895-98. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Rec"on*ci`la*ble(r?k"?n*s?`l?*b'l), a.[Cf. F. r\'82conciliable.]Capable of being reconciled; as, reconcilable adversaries; an act reconciable with previous acts. 1913 Webster]
The different accounts of the numbers of ships are reconcilable.Arbuthnot. 1913 Webster]
-- Rec"on*ci`la*ble*ness, n. -- Rec"on*ci`la*bly, adv. 1913 Webster]
Rec"on*cile`(-s?l`), v. t.[imp. & p. p.Reconciled(-s?ld`); p. pr. & vb. n.Reconciling.][F. r\'82concilier, L. reconciliare; pref. re- re- + conciliare to bring together, to unite. See Conciliate.]1.To cause to be friendly again; to conciliate anew; to restore to friendship; to bring back to harmony; to cause to be no longer at variance; as, to reconcile persons who have quarreled. 1913 Webster]
Propitious now and reconciled by prayer.Dryden. 1913 Webster]
The church [if defiled] is interdicted till it be reconciled [i.e., restored to sanctity] by the bishop.Chaucer. 1913 Webster]
We pray you . . . be ye reconciled to God.2 Cor. v. 20. 1913 Webster]
2.To bring to acquiescence, content, or quiet submission; as, to reconcile one's self to affictions. 1913 Webster]
3.To make consistent or congruous; to bring to agreement or suitableness; -- followed by with or to. 1913 Webster]
The great men among the ancients understood how to reconcile manual labor with affairs of state.Locke. 1913 Webster]
Some figures monstrous and misshaped appear, reconciles to form and grace.Pope. 1913 Webster]
4.To adjust; to settle; as, to reconcile differences. 1913 Webster]
Rec"on*ci`ler(-s?`l?r), n.One who reconciles. 1913 Webster]
Rec`on*cil`i*a"tion(-s?l`?*?"sh?n), n.[F. r\'82conciliation, L. reconciliatio.]1.The act of reconciling, or the state of being reconciled; reconcilenment; restoration to harmony; renewal of friendship. 1913 Webster]
Reconciliation and friendship with God really form the basis of all rational and true enjoyment.S. Miller. 1913 Webster]
2.Reduction to congruence or consistency; removal of inconsistency; harmony. 1913 Webster]
A clear and easy reconciliation of those seeming inconsistencies of Scripture.D. Rogers. 1913 Webster]
Rec`on*cil"i*a*to*ry(-s?l"?*?*t?*r?), a.Serving or tending to reconcile.Bp. Hall. 1913 Webster]
Re*con`den*sa"tion(r?*k?n`d?n*s?"sh?n), n.The act or process of recondensing. 1913 Webster]
Re`con*dense"(r, v. t.To condense again. 1913 Webster]
Rec"on*dite(r, a.[L. reconditus, p. p. of recondere to put up again, to lay up, to conceal; pref. re- re- + condere to bring or lay together. See Abscond.]1.Hidden from the mental or intellectual view; secret; abstruse; as, recondite causes of things. 1913 Webster]
2.Dealing in things abstruse; profound; searching; as, recondite studies. \'bdRecondite learning.\'b8 Bp. Horsley. 1913 Webster]
Re*con"di*to*ry(r, n.[LL. reconditorium.]A repository; a storehouse. [Obs.] Ash. 1913 Webster]
Re`con*duct"(r, v. t.To conduct back or again. \'bdA guide to reconduct thy steps.\'b8 Dryden. 1913 Webster]
Re`con*firm"(r, v. t.[Pref. re- + confirm: cf. F. reconfirmer.]To confirm anew.Clarendon. 1913 Webster]
Re`con*fort"(-f?rt"), v. t.[F. r\'82conforter.]To recomfort; to comfort. [Obs.] Chaucer. 1913 Webster]
Re`con*join"(r?`k?n*join"), v. t.To join or conjoin anew.Boyle. 1913 Webster]
{ Re*con"nais*sance, Re*con"nois*sance }(r?-k?n"n?s-s?ns), n.[F. See Recognizance.]The act of reconnoitering; preliminary examination or survey. Specifically: (a)(Geol.)An examination or survey of a region in reference to its general geological character.(b)(Engin.)An examination of a region as to its general natural features, preparatory to a more particular survey for the purposes of triangulation, or of determining the location of a public work.(c)(Mil.)An examination of a territory, or of an enemy's position, for the purpose of obtaining information necessary for directing military operations; a preparatory expedition. 1913 Webster]
Reconnoissance in force(Mil.), a demonstration or attack by a large force of troops for the purpose of discovering the position and strength of an enemy. 1913 Webster]
{ Rec`on*noi"ter, Rec`on*noi"tre }(r?k`?n*noi"t?r), v. t.[F. reconnoitre, a former spelling of reconna\'8ctre. See Recognize.]1.To examine with the eye to make a preliminary examination or survey of; esp., to survey with a view to military or engineering operations. 1913 Webster]
2.To recognize. [Obs.] Sir H. Walpole. 1913 Webster]
Re*con"quer(r?*k?n"k?r), v. t.[Pref. re- + conquer: cf. F. reconqu\'82rir.]To conquer again; to recover by conquest; as, to reconquer a revolted province. 1913 Webster]
Re*con"quest(-kw?st), n.A second conquest. 1913 Webster]
Re*con"se*crate(-k?n"s?*kr?t), v. t.To consecrate anew or again. 1913 Webster]
Re`con*sid"er(r?`k?n*s?d"?r), v. t.1.To consider again; as, to reconsider a subject. 1913 Webster]
2.(Parliamentary Practice)To take up for renewed consideration, as a motion or a vote which has been previously acted upon. 1913 Webster]
Re`con*sid`er*a"tion(-?"sh?n), n.The act of reconsidering, or the state of being reconsidered; as, the reconsideration of a vote in a legislative body. 1913 Webster]
Re*con"so*late(r?*k?n"s?*l?t), v. t.To console or comfort again. [Obs.] Sir H. Wotton. 1913 Webster]
Re`con*sol"i*date(r?`k?n*s?l"?*d?t), v. t.To consolidate anew or again. 1913 Webster]
Re`con*sol`i*da"tion(-d?"sh?n), n.The act or process of reconsolidating; the state of being reconsolidated. 1913 Webster]
Re`con*struct"(-str?kt"), v. t.To construct again; to rebuild; to remodel; to form again or anew. 1913 Webster]
Regiments had been dissolved and reconstructed.Macaulay. 1913 Webster]
Re`con*struc"tion(-str?k"sh?n), n.1.The act of constructing again; the state of being reconstructed. 1913 Webster]
2.(U.S. Politics)The act or process of reorganizing the governments of the States which had passed ordinances of secession, and of re\'89stablishing their constitutional relations to the national government, after the close of the Civil War. 1913 Webster]
Re`con*struct"ive(-str?k"t?v), a.Reconstructing; tending to reconstruct; as, a reconstructive policy. 1913 Webster]
Re`con*tin"u*ance(-t?n"?*?ns), n.The act or state of recontinuing. 1913 Webster]
Re`con*tin"ue(-?), v. t. & i.To continue anew. 1913 Webster]
Re`con*vene"(r?`k?n*v?n"), v. t. & i.To convene or assemble again; to call or come together again. 1913 Webster]
Re`con*ven"tion(-v?n"sh?n), n.(Civil Law)A cross demand; an action brought by the defendant against the plaintiff before the same judge.Burrill. Bouvier. 1913 Webster]
Re`con*ver"sion(-v?r"sh?n), n.A second conversion. 1913 Webster]
Re`con*vert"(-v?rt"), v. t.To convert again.Milton. 1913 Webster]
Re*con"vert(r?*k?n"v?rt), n.A person who has been reconverted.Gladstone. 1913 Webster]
Re`con*vert"i*ble(r?`k?n*v?rt"?*b'l), a.(Chem.)Capable of being reconverted; convertible again to the original form or condition. 1913 Webster]
Re`con*vey"(-v?"), v. t.1.To convey back or to the former place; as, to reconvey goods. 1913 Webster]
2.To transfer back to a former owner; as, to reconvey an estate. 1913 Webster]
Re`con*vey"ance(-v?"?ns), n.Act of reconveying. 1913 Webster]
Re*cop"y(r?*k?p"?), v. t.To copy again. 1913 Webster]
Re*cord"(r?*k?rd"), v. t.[imp. & p. p.Recorded; p. pr. & vb. n.Recording.][OE. recorden to repeat, remind, F. recorder, fr. L. recordari to remember; pref. re- re- + cor, cordis, the heart or mind. See Cordial, Heart.]1.To recall to mind; to recollect; to remember; to meditate. [Obs.] \'bdI it you record.\'b8 Chaucer. 1913 Webster]
2.To repeat; to recite; to sing or play. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
They longed to see the day, to hear the lark Record her hymns, and chant her carols blest.Fairfax. 1913 Webster]
3.To preserve the memory of, by committing to writing, to printing, to inscription, or the like; to make note of; to write or enter in a book or on parchment, for the purpose of preserving authentic evidence of; to register; to enroll; as, to record the proceedings of a court; to record historical events. 1913 Webster]
Those things that are recorded of him . . . are written in the chronicles of the kings.1 Esd. i. 42. 1913 Webster]
To record a deed,
mortgage,
lease, etc., to have a copy of the same entered in the records of the office designated by law, for the information of the public. 1913 Webster]
Re*cord", v. i.1.To reflect; to ponder. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
Praying all the way, and recording upon the words which he before had read.Fuller. 1913 Webster]
2.To sing or repeat a tune. [Obs.] Shak. 1913 Webster]
Whether the birds or she recorded best.W. Browne. 1913 Webster]
Rec"ord(r, n.[OF. recort, record, remembrance, attestation, record. See Record, v. t.]1.A writing by which some act or event, or a number of acts or events, is recorded; a register; as, a record of the acts of the Hebrew kings; a record of the variations of temperature during a certain time; a family record. 1913 Webster]
2. Especially: (a)An official contemporaneous writing by which the acts of some public body, or public officer, are recorded; as, a record of city ordinances; the records of the receiver of taxes.(b)An authentic official copy of a document which has been entered in a book, or deposited in the keeping of some officer designated by law.(c)An official contemporaneous memorandum stating the proceedings of a court of justice; a judicial record.(d)The various legal papers used in a case, together with memoranda of the proceedings of the court; as, it is not permissible to allege facts not in the record. 1913 Webster]
3.Testimony; witness; attestation. 1913 Webster]
John bare record, saying.John i. 32. 1913 Webster]
4.That which serves to perpetuate a knowledge of acts or events; a monument; a memorial. 1913 Webster]
5.That which has been, or might be, recorded; the known facts in the course, progress, or duration of anything, as in the life of a public man; as, a politician with a good or a bad record. 1913 Webster]
<-- p. 1201 -->
6.That which has been publicly achieved in any kind of competitive sport as recorded in some authoritative manner, as the time made by a winning horse in a race. 1913 Webster]
Court of record(pron. rin Eng.), a court whose acts and judicial proceedings are written on parchment or in books for a perpetual memorial. --
Debt of record, a debt which appears to be due by the evidence of a court of record, as upon a judgment or a cognizance. --
Trial by record, a trial which is had when a matter of record is pleaded, and the opposite party pleads that there is no such record. In this case the trial is by inspection of the record itself, no other evidence being admissible.Blackstone. --
To beat the record, or
To break the record(Sporting), to surpass any performance of like kind as authoritatively recorded; as, to break the record in a walking match.Records in many fields of endeavor are listed in the Guiness Book of World Records. 1913 Webster]
Rec`or*da"tion(r?k`?r*d?"sh?n), n.[L. recordatio: cf. F. recordation. See Record, v. t.]Remembrance; recollection; also, a record. [Obs.] Shak. 1913 Webster]
Re*cord"er(r?*k?rd"?r), n.1.One who records; specifically, a person whose official duty it is to make a record of writings or transactions. 1913 Webster]
2.The title of the chief judical officer of some cities and boroughs; also, of the chief justice of an East Indian settlement. The Recorder of London is judge of the Lord Mayor's Court, and one of the commissioners of the Central Criminal Court. 1913 Webster]
3.(Mus.)A kind of wind instrument resembling the flageolet. [Obs.] \'bdFlutes and soft recorders.\'b8 Milton. 1913 Webster]
Re*cord"er*ship, n.The office of a recorder. 1913 Webster]
Re*cord"ing, a.Keeping a record or a register; as, a recording secretary; -- applied to numerous instruments with an automatic appliance which makes a record of their action; as, a recording gauge or telegraph. 1913 Webster]
Re`cor*por`i*fi*ca"tion(r?`k?r*p?r`?*f?*k?"sh?n), n.The act of investing again with a body; the state of being furnished anew with a body. [R.] Boyle. 1913 Webster]
Re*couch"(r?*kouch"), v. i.[Pref. re- + couch: cf. F. recoucher.]To retire again to a couch; to lie down again. [Obs.] Sir H. Wotton. 1913 Webster]
Re*count"(r, v. t.[Pref. re- + count.]To count or reckon again. 1913 Webster]
Re*count", n.A counting again, as of votes. 1913 Webster]
Re*count"(r, v. t.[F. raconter to relate, to recount; pref. re- again + ad.) + conter to relate. See Count, v.]To tell over; to relate in detail; to recite; to tell or narrate the particulars of; to rehearse; to enumerate; as, to recount one's blessings.Dryden. 1913 Webster]
To all his angels, who, with true applause, Recount his praises.Milton. 1913 Webster]
{ Re*coup", Re*coupe" }(-k??p"), v. t.[F. recouper; pref. re- re- + couper to cut.]1.(Law)To keep back rightfully (a part), as if by cutting off, so as to diminish a sum due; to take off (a part) from damages; to deduct; as, where a landlord recouped the rent of premises from damages awarded to the plaintiff for eviction. 1913 Webster]
2.To get an equivalent or compensation for; as, to recoup money lost at the gaming table; to recoup one's losses in the share market. 1913 Webster]
3.To reimburse; to indemnify; -- often used reflexively and in the passive. 1913 Webster]
Elizabeth had lost her venture; but if she was bold, she might recoup herself at Philip's cost.Froude. 1913 Webster]
Industry is sometimes recouped for a small price by extensive custom.Duke of Argyll. 1913 Webster]
Re*coup"er(r?*k??p"?r), n.One who recoups.Story. 1913 Webster]
Re*coup"ment(-m, n.The act of recouping. 1913 Webster]
Recoupment applies to equities growing out of the very affair from which thw principal demand arises, set-off to cross-demands which may be independent in origin.Abbott. 1913 Webster]
Re*course"(r?*k?rs"), n.[F. recours, L. recursus a running back, return, fr. recurrere, recursum, to run back. See Recur.]1.A coursing back, or coursing again, along the line of a previous coursing; renewed course; return; retreat; recurence. [Obs.] \'bdSwift recourse of flushing blood.\'b8 Spenser. 1913 Webster]
Unto my first I will have my recourse.Chaucer. 1913 Webster]
Preventive physic . . . preventeth sickness in the healthy, or the recourse thereof in the valetudinary.Sir T. Browne. 1913 Webster]
2.Recurrence in difficulty, perplexity, need, or the like; access or application for aid; resort. 1913 Webster]
Thus died this great peer, in a time of great recourse unto him and dependence upon him.Sir H. Wotton. 1913 Webster]
Our last recourse is therefore to our art.Dryden. 1913 Webster]
3.Access; admittance. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
Give me recourse to him.Shak. 1913 Webster]
Without recourse(Commerce), words sometimes added to the indorsement of a negotiable instrument to protect the indorser from liability to the indorsee and subsequent holders. It is a restricted indorsement. 1913 Webster]
Re*course", v. i.1.To return; to recur. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
The flame departing and recoursing.Foxe. 1913 Webster]
2.To have recourse; to resort. [Obs.] Bp. Hacket. 1913 Webster]
Re*cov"er(r?*k?v"?r), v. t.[Pref. re- + cover: cf. F. recouvrir.]To cover again.Sir W. Scott. 1913 Webster]
Re*cov"er(r?*k?v"?r), v. t.[imp. & p. p.Recovered(-?rd); p. pr. & vb. n.Recovering. ][OE. recoveren, OF. recovrer, F. recouvrer, from L. recuperare; pref. re- re + a word of unknown origin. Cf.Recuperate.] 1913 Webster]
1.To get or obtain again; to get renewed possession of; to win back; to regain. 1913 Webster]
David recovered all that the Amalekites had carried away.1. Sam. xxx. 18. 1913 Webster]
2.To make good by reparation; to make up for; to retrieve; to repair the loss or injury of; as, to recover lost time. \'bdLoss of catel may recovered be.\'b8 Chaucer. 1913 Webster]
Even good men have many failings and lapses to lament and recover.Rogers. 1913 Webster]
3.To restore from sickness, faintness, or the like; to bring back to life or health; to cure; to heal. 1913 Webster]
The wine in my bottle will recover him.Shak. 1913 Webster]
4.To overcome; to get the better of, -- as a state of mind or body. 1913 Webster]
I do hope to recover my late hurt.Cowley. 1913 Webster]
When I had recovered a little my first surprise.De Foe. 1913 Webster]
5.To rescue; to deliver. 1913 Webster]
That they may recover themselves out of the snare of the devil, who are taken captive by him.2. Tim. ii. 26. 1913 Webster]
6.To gain by motion or effort; to obtain; to reach; to come to. [Archaic] 1913 Webster]
The forest is not three leagues off; recover that, we're sure enough.Shak. 1913 Webster]
Except he could recover one of the Cities of Refuge he was to die.Hales. 1913 Webster]
7.(Law)To gain as a compensation; to obtain in return for injury or debt; as, to recover damages in trespass; to recover debt and costs in a suit at law; to obtain title to by judgement in a court of law; as, to recover lands in ejectment or common recovery; to gain by legal process; as, to recover judgement against a defendant. 1913 Webster]
Recover arms(Mil. Drill), a command whereby the piece is brought from the position of \'bdaim\'b8 to that of \'bdready.\'b8 1913 Webster]
Re*cov"er(r?*k?v"?r), v. i.1.To regain health after sickness; to grow well; to be restored or cured; hence, to regain a former state or condition after misfortune, alarm, etc.; -- often followed by of or from; as, to recover from a state of poverty; to recover from fright. 1913 Webster]
Go, inquire of Baal-zebub, the god of Ekron, whether I shall recover of this disease.2 Kings i. 2. 1913 Webster]
2.To make one's way; to come; to arrive. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
With much ado the Christians recovered to Antioch.Fuller. 1913 Webster]
3.(Law)To obtain a judgement; to succeed in a lawsuit; as, the plaintiff has recovered in his suit. 1913 Webster]
Re*cov"er, n.Recovery.Sir T. Malory. 1913 Webster]
Re*cov"er*a*ble(-?*b'l), a.[Cf. F. recouvrable.]Capable of being recovered or regained; capable of being brought back to a former condition, as from sickness, misfortune, etc.; obtainable from a debtor or possessor; as, the debt is recoverable; goods lost or sunk in the ocean are not recoverable. 1913 Webster]
A prodigal course recoverable.Shak. 1913 Webster]
If I am recoverable, why am I thus?Cowper. 1913 Webster]
-- Re*cov"er*a*ble*ness, n. 1913 Webster]
Re cov"er*ance(-, n.Recovery. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
Re*cov`er*ee"(-, n.(Law)The person against whom a judgment is obtained in common recovery. 1913 Webster]
Re*cov"er*er(r?*k?v"?r*?r), n.One who recovers. 1913 Webster]
Re*cov`er*or"(-?r), n.(Law)The demandant in a common recovery after judgment.Wharton. 1913 Webster]
Re*cov"er*y(r?*k?v"?r*?), n.1.The act of recovering, regaining, or retaking possession. 1913 Webster]
2.Restoration from sickness, weakness, faintness, or the like; restoration from a condition of mistortune, of fright, etc. 1913 Webster]
3.(Law)The obtaining in a suit at law of a right to something by a verdict and judgment of court. 1913 Webster]
4.The getting, or gaining, of something not previously had. [Obs.] \'bdHelp be past recovery.\'b8 Tusser. 1913 Webster]
5.In rowing, the act of regaining the proper position for making a new stroke. 1913 Webster]
6.Act of regaining the natural position after curtseying. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
7.(Fencing, Sparring, etc.)Act of regaining the position of guard after making an attack. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Common recovery(Law), a species of common assurance or mode of conveying lands by matter of record, through the forms of an action at law, formerly in frequent use, but now abolished or obsolete, both in England and America.Burrill. Warren. 1913 Webster]
Rec"re*an*cy(-an*s?), n.The quality or state of being recreant. 1913 Webster]
Rec"re*ant(-ant), a.[OF., cowardly, fr. recroire, recreire, to forsake, leave, tire, discourage, regard as conquered, LL. recredere se to declare one's self conquered in combat; hence, those are called recrediti or recreanti who are considered infamous; L. pref. re- again, back + credere to believe, to be of opinion; hence, originally, to disavow one's opinion. See Creed.]1.Crying for mercy, as a combatant in the trial by battle; yielding; cowardly; mean-spirited; craven. \'bdThis recreant knight.\'b8 Spenser. 1913 Webster]
2.Apostate; false; unfaithful. 1913 Webster]
Who, for so many benefits received, recreant to God, ingrate and false.Milton. 1913 Webster]
Rec"re*ant, n.One who yields in combat, and begs for mercy; a mean-spirited, cowardly wretch.Blackstone. 1913 Webster]
You are all recreants and dastards!Shak. 1913 Webster]
Re`-cre*ate"(r?`kr?*?t"), v. t.[Pref. re- + create.]To create or form anew. 1913 Webster]
On opening the campaign of 1776, instead of re\'89nforcing, it was necessary to re-create, the army.Marshall. 1913 Webster]
Rec"re*ate(rk"r*t), v. t.[imp. & p. p.Recreated(-`td); p. pr. & vb. n.Recreating.][L. recreatus, p. p. of recreate to create anew, to refresh; pref. re- re- + creare to create. See Create.]To give fresh life to; to reanimate; to revive; especially, to refresh after wearying toil or anxiety; to relieve; to cheer; to divert; to amuse; to gratify. 1913 Webster]
Painters, when they work on white grounds, place before them colors mixed with blue and green, to recreate their eyes, white wearying . . . the sight more than any.Dryden. 1913 Webster]
St. John, who recreated himself with sporting with a tame partridge.Jer. Taylor. 1913 Webster]
These ripe fruits recreate the nostrils with their aromatic scent.Dr. H. More. 1913 Webster]
Rec"re*ate, v. i.To take recreation.L. Addison. 1913 Webster]
Rec"re*a"tion(-?"sh?n), n.[F. r\'82cr\'82ation, L. recreatio.]The act of recreating, or the state of being recreated; refreshment of the strength and spirits after toil; amusement; diversion; sport; pastime. 1913 Webster]
Re`-cre*a"tion(r?`kr?*?sh?n), n.[See Re-create.]A forming anew; a new creation or formation. 1913 Webster]
Rec"re*a`tive(r?k"r?*?`t?v), a.[Cf. F. r\'82cr\'82atif. See Recreate.]Tending to recreate or refresh; recreating; giving new vigor or animation; reinvigorating; giving relief after labor or pain; amusing; diverting. 1913 Webster]
Let the music of them be recreative.Bacon. 1913 Webster]
--- Rec"re*a`tive*ly, adv. -- Rec"re*a`tive*ness, n. 1913 Webster]
Rec"re*ment(r?k"r?*ment), n.[L. recrementum; pref. re- re- + cernere, cretum, to separate, sift: cf. F. r\'82cr\'82ment.]1.Superfluous matter separated from that which is useful; dross; scoria; as, the recrement of ore. 1913 Webster]
2.(Med.)(a)Excrement. [Obs.] (a)A substance secreted from the blood and again absorbed by it. 1913 Webster]
Rec`re*men*ti"tial(-m?n*t?sh"al), a.[Cf. F. r\'82cr\'82mentitiel.](Med.)Of the nature of a recrement. See Recrement, 2 (b). \'bdRecrementitial fluids.\'b8 Dunglison. 1913 Webster]
Rec`re*men*ti"tious(-t?sh"?s), a.Of or pertaining to recrement; consisting of recrement or dross.Boyle. 1913 Webster]
Re*crim"i*nate(r?*kr?m"?*n?t), v. i.[Pref. re- + criminate: cf. F. r\'82criminer, LL. recriminare.]To return one charge or accusation with another; to charge back fault or crime upon an accuser. 1913 Webster]
It is not my business to recriminate, hoping sufficiently to clear myself in this matter.Bp. Stillingfleet. 1913 Webster]
Re*crim"i*nate, v. t.To accuse in return.South. 1913 Webster]
Re*crim`i*na"tion(-n?"sh?n), n.[F. r\'82crimination, LL. recriminatio.]The act of recriminating; an accusation brought by the accused against the accuser; a counter accusation. 1913 Webster]
Accusations and recriminations passed backward and forward between the contending parties.Macaulay. 1913 Webster]
Re*crim"i*na`tor(-n?`t?r), n.One who recriminates. 1913 Webster]
Re*crim"i*na*to*ry(-n?*t?*r?), a.[Cf. F. r\'82criminatoire.]Having the quality of recrimination; retorting accusation; recriminating. 1913 Webster]
Re*cross"(r?*kr?s";115), v. t.To cross a second time. 1913 Webster]
Re*cru"den*cy(r, n.Recrudescence. 1913 Webster]
Re`cru*desce"(?), v. i.[See Recrudescent.]To be in a state of recrudescence; esp., to come into renewed freshness, vigor, or activity; to revive.
The general influence . . . which is liable every now and then to recrudesce in his absence.Edmund Gurney. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
{ Re`cru*des"cence(r?`kr?*d?s"sens), Re`cru*des`cen*cy(-d?s"sen*s?), }n.[Cf. F. recrudescence.] 1913 Webster]
1.The state or condition of being recrudescent. 1913 Webster]
A recrudescence of barbarism may condemn it [land] to chronic poverty and waste.Duke of Argyll. 1913 Webster]
2.(Med.)Increased severity of a disease after temporary remission.Dunglison. 1913 Webster]
Re`cru*des"cent(-sent), a.[L. recrudescens, -entis, p. pr. of recrudescere to become raw again; pref. re- re- + crudescere to become hard or raw: cf. F. recrudescent.]1.Growing raw, sore, or painful again. 1913 Webster]
2.Breaking out again after temporary abatement or supression; as, a recrudescent epidemic. 1913 Webster]
Re*cruit"(r?*kr?t"), v. t.[imp. & p. p.Recruited; p. pr. & vb. n.Recruiting.][F. recruter, corrupted (under influence of recrue recruiting, recruit, from recro, p. p. recr, to grow again) from an older recluter, properly, to patch, to mend (a garment); pref. re- + OF. clut piece, piece of cloth; cf. Icel. kl kerchief, E. clout.]1.To repair by fresh supplies, as anything wasted; to remedy lack or deficiency in; as, food recruits the flesh; fresh air and exercise recruit the spirits. 1913 Webster]
Her cheeks glow the brighter, recruiting their color.Glanvill. 1913 Webster]
2.Hence, to restore the wasted vigor of; to renew in strength or health; to reinvigorate. 1913 Webster]
3.To supply with new men, as an army; to fill up or make up by enlistment; as, he recruited two regiments; the army was recruited for a campaign; also, to muster; to enlist; as, he recruited fifty men.M. Arnold. 1913 Webster]
Re*cruit", v. i.1.To gain new supplies of anything wasted; to gain health, flesh, spirits, or the like; to recuperate; as, lean cattle recruit in fresh pastures. 1913 Webster]
2.To gain new supplies of men for military or other service; to raise or enlist new soldiers; to enlist troops. 1913 Webster]
Re*cruit", n.1.A supply of anything wasted or exhausted; a re\'89nforcement. 1913 Webster]
The state is to have recruits to its strength, and remedies to its distempers.Burke. 1913 Webster]
2.Specifically, a man enlisted for service in the army; a newly enlisted soldier. 1913 Webster]
Re*cruit"er, n.One who, or that which, recruits. 1913 Webster]
Re*cruit"ment(-m, n.The act or process of recruiting; especially, the enlistment of men for an army. 1913 Webster]
Re*crys`tal*li*za"tion(r, n.(Chem. & Min.)The process or recrystallizing. 1913 Webster]
Re*crys"tal*lize(r, v. i. & t.(Chem. & Min.)To crystallize again.Henry. 1913 Webster]
Rec"tal(r?k"tal), a.(Anat.)Of or pertaining to the rectum; in the region of the rectum. 1913 Webster]
Rec"tan`gle(r?k"t??`g'l), n.[F., fr. L. rectus right + angulus angle. See Right, and Angle.](Geom.)A four-sided figure having only right angles; a right-angled parallelogram. 1913 Webster]
rectangle is expressed by the product of its two dimensions, the term rectangle is sometimes used for product; as, the rectangle of a and b, that is, ab. 1913 Webster]
Rec*tan"gu*lar(r?k*t?n"g?*l?r), a.[CF. F. rectangulaire.]Right-angled; having one or more angles of ninety degrees. -- Rec*tan"gu*lar*ly(r, adv. -- Rec*tan"gu*lar*ness, n. 1913 Webster]
Rec*tan`gu*lar"i*ty(-l?r"?*t?), n.The quality or condition of being rectangular, or right-angled. 1913 Webster]
Rec"ti-(r?k"t?*). [L. rectus straight.]A combining form signifying straight; as, rectilineal, having straight lines; rectinerved. 1913 Webster]
Rec"ti*fi`a*ble(r?k"t?*f?`?*b'l), a.1.Capable of being rectified; as, a rectifiable mistake. 1913 Webster]
<-- p. 1202 -->
2.(Math.)Admitting, as a curve, of the construction of a straight line equal in length to any definite portion of the curve. 1913 Webster]
Rec`ti*fi*ca"tion(r?k`t?*f?*k?1sh?n), n.[Cf. F. rectification.]1.The act or operation of rectifying; as, the rectification of an error; the rectification of spirits. 1913 Webster]
After the rectification of his views, he was incapable of compromise with profounder shapes of error.De Quincey. 1913 Webster]
2.(Geom.)The determination of a straight line whose length is equal a portion of a curve. 1913 Webster]
Rectification of a globe(Astron.), its adjustment preparatory to the solution of a proposed problem. 1913 Webster]
Rec"ti*fi*ca`tor(r?k"t?*f?*k?`t?r), n.(Chem.)That which rectifies or refines; esp., a part of a distilling apparatus in which the more volatile portions are separated from the less volatile by the process of evaporation and condensation; a rectifier. 1913 Webster]
Rec"ti*fi`er(r?k"t?*f?`?r), n.1.One who, or that which, rectifies. 1913 Webster]
2.Specifically: (a)(Naut.) An instrument used for determining and rectifying the variations of the compass on board ship. (b)(Chem.) A rectificator.<-- (Elec.) A device to convert alternating current to direct current. --> 1913 Webster]
Rec"ti*fy(-f?), v. t.[imp. & p. p.Rectified(-f?d); p. pr. & vb. n.Rectifying(-f?`?ng).][F. rectifier, LL. rectificare; L. rectus right + -ficare (in comp.) to make. See Right, and -fy.]1.To make or set right; to correct from a wrong, erroneous, or false state; to amend; as, to rectify errors, mistakes, or abuses; to rectify the will, the judgment, opinions; to rectify disorders. 1913 Webster]
I meant to rectify my conscience.Shak. 1913 Webster]
This was an error of opinion which a conflicting opinion would have rectified.Burke. 1913 Webster]
2.(Chem.)To refine or purify by repeated distillation or sublimation, by which the fine parts of a substance are separated from the grosser; as, to rectify spirit of wine. 1913 Webster]
3.(Com.)To produce ( as factitious gin or brandy) by redistilling low wines or ardent spirits (whisky, rum, etc.), flavoring substances, etc., being added. 1913 Webster]
<-- (Elec.) To convert (alternating current) to direct current. --> 1913 Webster]
To rectify a globe, to adjust it in order to prepare for the solution of a proposed problem. 1913 Webster]
Syn. -- To amend; emend; correct; better; mend; reform; redress; adjust; regulate; improve. See Amend. 1913 Webster]
{ Rec`ti*lin"e*al(-l?n"?*al), Rec`ti*lin"e*ar(-l?n"?*?r), }a.[Recti- + lineal, linear.]Straight; consisting of a straight line or lines; bounded by straight lines; as, a rectineal angle; a rectilinear figure or course. -- Rec`ti*lin"e*al*ly, adv. -- Rec`ti*lin"e*ar*ly, adv. 1913 Webster]
Rec`ti*lin`e*ar"i*ty(-?r"?*t?), n.The quality or state of being rectilinear.Coleridge. 1913 Webster]
Rec"ti*nerved`(r?k"t?*n?rrvd`), a.[Recti- + nerve.](Bot.)Having the veins or nerves straight; -- said of leaves. 1913 Webster]
Rec"tion(r?k"sh?n), n.[L. rectio, fr. regere to rule or govern.](Gram.)See Government, n., 7.Gibbs. 1913 Webster]
Rec`ti*ros"tral(r?k`t?*r?s"tral), a.[Recti- + rostral.](Zo\'94l.)Having a straight beak. 1913 Webster]
Rec`ti*se"ri*al(-s?"r?*al), a.[Recti- + serial.](Bot.)Arranged in exactly vertical ranks, as the leaves on stems of many kinds; -- opposed to curviserial. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Rec*ti"tis(r?k*t?"t?s), n.[NL. See Rectum, and -itis.](Med.)Proctitis.Dunglison. 1913 Webster]
Rec"ti*tude(r?k"t?*t?d), n.[L. rectitudo, fr. rectus right, straight: cf. F. rectitude. See Right.]1.Straightness. [R.] Johnson. 1913 Webster]
2.Rightness of principle or practice; exact conformity to truth, or to the rules prescribed for moral conduct, either by divine or human laws; uprightness of mind; uprightness; integrity; honesty; justice. 1913 Webster]
3.Right judgment. [R.] Sir G. C. Lewis. 1913 Webster]
Syn. -- See Justice. 1913 Webster]
Rec"to-(r?k"t?*). A combining form indicating connection with, or relation to, the rectum; as, recto-vesical. 1913 Webster]
Rec"to, n.[Abbrev. fr. LL. breve de recto. See Right.](Law)A writ of right. 1913 Webster]
Rec"to, n.[Cf. F. recto.](Print.)The right-hand page; -- opposed to verso. 1913 Webster]
Rec"tor(r?k"t?r), n.[L., fr. regere, rectum, to lead straight, to rule: cf. F. recteur. See Regiment, Right.] 1913 Webster]
1.A ruler or governor. [R.] 1913 Webster]
God is the supreme rector of the world.Sir M. Hale. 1913 Webster]
2.(a)(Ch. of Eng.)A clergyman who has the charge and cure of a parish, and has the tithes, etc.; the clergyman of a parish where the tithes are not impropriate. See the Note under Vicar.Blackstone.(b)(Prot. Epis. Ch.)A clergyman in charge of a parish. 1913 Webster]
3.The head master of a public school. [Scot.] 1913 Webster]
4.The chief elective officer of some universities, as in France and Scotland; sometimes, the head of a college; as, the Rector of Exeter College, or of Lincoln College, at Oxford. 1913 Webster]
5.(R. C. Ch.)The superior officer or chief of a convent or religious house; and among the Jesuits the superior of a house that is a seminary or college. 1913 Webster]
Rec"tor*al(-al), a.[CF. F. rectoral.]Pertaining to a rector or governor. 1913 Webster]
Rec"tor*ate(-?t), n.[LL. rectoratus: cf. F. rectorat.]The office, rank, or station of a rector; rectorship. 1913 Webster]
Rec"tor*ess, n.1.A governess; a rectrix.Drayton. 1913 Webster]
2.The wife of a rector.Thackeray. 1913 Webster]
Rec*to"ri*al(r?k*t?"r?*al), a.Pertaining to a rector or a rectory; rectoral.Shipley. 1913 Webster]
2.The office or rank of a rector; rectorate. 1913 Webster]
Rec"to*ry(-t?*r?), n.; pl.Rectories(-r.[Cf. OF. rectorie or rectorerie, LL. rectoria.]1.The province of a rector; a parish church, parsonage, or spiritual living, with all its rights, tithes, and glebes. 1913 Webster]
2.A rector's mansion; a parsonage house. 1913 Webster]
Rec`to-u"ter*ine(-?"t?r*?n or *?n), a.(Anat.)Of or pertaining to both the rectum and the uterus. 1913 Webster]
Rec`to*vag"i*nal(r?k`t?*v?j"?*nal), a.(Anat.)Of or pertaining to both the rectum and the vagina. 1913 Webster]
Rec`to-ves"i*cal(-v?s"?*kal), a.(Anat.)Of or pertaining to both the rectum and the bladder. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Rec"trix(-tr?ks), n.; pl.Rectrices(-tr.[L., fem. of rector.]1.A governess; a rectoress. 1913 Webster]
2.(Zo\'94l.)One of the quill feathers of the tail of a bird. 1913 Webster]
Rec"tum(-t?m), n.[NL. (sc. intestinum), fr. L. rectus straight. See Right.](Anat.)The terminal part of the large intestine; -- so named because supposed by the old anatomists to be straight. See Illust. under Digestive. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Rec"tus(-t?s), n.; pl.Recti(-t.[NL., fr. L. regere to keep straight.](Anat.)A straight muscle; as, the recti of the eye. 1913 Webster]
Rec`u*ba"tion(r?k`?*b?"sh?n), n.[L. recubare to lie upon the back.]Recumbence. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne. 1913 Webster]
Re*cule"(r?*k?l"), v. i.To recoil. [Obs.] Spenser. 1913 Webster]
Re*cumb"(-k?m"), v. i.[L. recumbere; pref. re- back + cumbere (in comp.), akin to cubare to lie down.]To lean; to recline; to repose. [Obs.] J. Allen (1761). 1913 Webster]
Re*cum"bence(r?*k?m"bens), n.The act of leaning, resting, or reclining; the state of being recumbent. 1913 Webster]
Re*cum"bent(-bet), a.[L. recumbens, -entis, p. pr. of recumbere. See Recumb, Incumbent.]Leaning; reclining; lying; as, the recumbent posture of the Romans at their meals. Hence, figuratively; Resting; inactive; idle. -- Re*cum"bent*ly, adv. 1913 Webster]
Re*cu"per*a*ble(r, a.[Cf.F. r\'82cup\'82rable. See Recover.]Recoverable.Sir T. Elyot. 1913 Webster]
Re*cu"per*ate(-?t), v. i.[imp. & p. p.Recuperated(-?`t?d); p. pr. & vb. n.Recuperating.][L. recuperatus, p. p. of recuperare. See Recover to get again.]To recover health; to regain strength; to convalesce. 1913 Webster]
Re*cu"per*ate, v. t.To recover; to regain; as, to recuperate the health or strength. 1913 Webster]
Re*cu`per*a"tion(r, n.[L. recuperatio: cf. F. r\'82cup\'82ration.]Recovery, as of anything lost, especially of the health or strength. 1913 Webster]
{ Re*cu"per*a*tive(-?*t?v), Re*cu"per*a*to*ry(-?*t?*r?), }a.[L. recuperativus, recuperatorius.]Of or pertaining to recuperation; tending to recovery. 1913 Webster]
Re*cu"per*a`tor(r?*k?"pp?r*?`t?r), n.[Cf. L. recuperator a recoverer.](Steel Manuf.)Same as Regenerator. 1913 Webster]
Re*cur"(r?*k?r"), v. i.[imp. & p. p.Recurred(-k?rd"); p. pr. & vb. n.Recurring.][L. recurrere; pref. re- re- + currere to run. See Current.]1.To come back; to return again or repeatedly; to come again to mind. 1913 Webster]
When any word has been used to signify an idea, the old idea will recur in the mind when the word is heard.I. Watts. 1913 Webster]
2.To occur at a stated interval, or according to some regular rule; as, the fever will recur to-night. 1913 Webster]
3.To resort; to have recourse; to go for help. 1913 Webster]
If, to avoid succession in eternal existence, they recur to the \'bdpunctum stans\'b8 of the schools, they will thereby very little help us to a more positive idea of infinite duration.Locke. 1913 Webster]
Recurring decimal(Math.), a circulating decimal. See under Decimal. --
Recurring series(Math.), an algebraic series in which the coefficients of the several terms can be expressed by means of certain preceding coefficients and constants in one uniform manner. 1913 Webster]
Re*cure"(r?*k?r"), v. t.[Cf. Recover.]1.To arrive at; to reach; to attain. [Obs.] Lydgate. 1913 Webster]
2.To recover; to regain; to repossess. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
When their powers, impaired through labor long, recured well.Spenser. 1913 Webster]
3.To restore, as from weariness, sickness; or the like; to repair. 1913 Webster]
In western waves his weary wagon did recure.Spenser. 1913 Webster]
4.To be a cure for; to remedy. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
But whom he hite, without recure he dies.Fairfax. 1913 Webster]
Re*cure"less, a.Incapable of cure. [Obs.] Bp. Hall. 1913 Webster]
{ Re*cur"rence(r?*k?r"rens), Re*cur"ren*cy(-ren*s?), }n.[Cf. F. r\'82currence.]The act of recurring, or state of being recurrent; return; resort; recourse. 1913 Webster]
I shall insensibly go on from a rare to a frequent recurrence to the dangerous preparations.I. Taylor. 1913 Webster]
Re*cur"rent(-rent), a.[L. recurrens, -entis, p. pr. of recurrere: cf.F. r\'82current. See Recur.]1.Returning from time to time; recurring; as, recurrent pains. 1913 Webster]
2.(Anat.)Running back toward its origin; as, a recurrent nerve or artery. 1913 Webster]
Recurrent fever. (Med.)See Relapsing fever, under Relapsing. --
Recurrent pulse(Physiol.), the pulse beat which appears (when the radial artery is compressed at the wrist) on the distal side of the point of pressure through the arteries of the palm of the hand. --
Recurrent sensibility(Physiol.), the sensibility manifested by the anterior, or motor, roots of the spinal cord (their stimulation causing pain) owing to the presence of sensory fibers from the corresponding sensory or posterior roots. 1913 Webster]
Re*cur"sant(r?*k?r"sant), a.[L. recursans, -antis, p. pr. of recursare to run back, v. freq. of recurrere. See Recure.](Her.)Displayed with the back toward the spectator; -- said especially of an eagle. 1913 Webster]
Re*cur"sion(-sh?n), n.[L. recursio. See Recur.]The act of recurring; return. [Obs.] Boyle. 1913 Webster]
<-- (Math.) The calculation of a mathematical expression (or a quantity) by repeating an operation on another expression which was derived by application of the same operation, on an expression which itself was the result of similar repeated applications of that same operation on prior results. The series of operations is terminated by specifying an initial or terminal condition. 1913 Webster]
(Computers) A programming technique in which a function calls itself as a subfunction. Such calls may be repeated in series to arbitrary depth, provided that a terminating condition is given so that the final (deepest) call will return a value (rather than continue to recurse), which then permits the next higher call to return a value, and so forth, until the original call returns a value to the calling program. --> 1913 Webster]
Re*cur"vate(r?*k?r"v?t), a.[L. recurvatus, p. p. of recurvare. See Re-, and Curvate.](Bot.)Recurved. 1913 Webster]
Re*cur"vate(-v?t), v. t.To bend or curve back; to recurve.Pennant. 1913 Webster]
Re`cur*va"tion(r?`k?r*v?"sh?n), n.The act of recurving, or the state of being recurved; a bending or flexure backward. 1913 Webster]
Re*curve"(r?*k?rv"), v. t.To curve in an opposite or unusual direction; to bend back or down. 1913 Webster]
Re*curved"(r?*k?rvd"), a.Curved in an opposite or uncommon direction; bent back; as, a bird with a recurved bill; flowers with recurved petals. 1913 Webster]
Re*cur`vi*ros"ter(r?*k?r`v?*r?s"t?r), n.[L. recurvus bent back + rostrum beack; cf. F. r\'82curvirostre.](Zool.)A bird whose beak bends upward, as the avocet. 1913 Webster]
Re*cur`vi*ros"tral(-tral), a.[See Recurviroster.](Zo\'94l.)Having the beak bent upwards. 1913 Webster]
Re*cu"san*cy(r?*k?"zan*s? , n.The state of being recusant; nonconformity.Coke. 1913 Webster]
Re*cu"sant(-zat; 277), a.[L. recusans, -antis, p. pr. of recure to refuse, to oject to; pref. re- re + causa a cause, pretext: cf. F. r\'82cusant. See Cause, and cf. Ruse.]Obstinate in refusal; specifically, in English history, refusing to acknowledge the supremacy of the king in the churc, or to conform to the established rites of the church; as, a recusant lord. 1913 Webster]
It stated him to have placed his son in the household of the Countess of Derby, a recusant papist.Sir W. Scott. 1913 Webster]
Re*cu"sant, n.1.One who is obstinate in refusal; one standing out stubbornly against general practice or opinion. 1913 Webster]
The last rebellious recusants among the European family of nations.De Quincey. 1913 Webster]
2.(Eng. Hist.)A person who refuses to acknowledge the supremacy of the king in matters of religion; as, a Roman Catholic recusant, who acknowledges the supremacy of the pope.Brande & C. 1913 Webster]
3.One who refuses communion with the Church of England; a nonconformist. 1913 Webster]
All that are recusants of holy rites.Holyday. 1913 Webster]
Rec`u*sa"tion(r?k`?*z?"sh?n), n.[L. recusatio: cf. F. r\'82cusation.]1.Refusal. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
2.(Old Law)The act of refusing a judge or challenging that he shall not try the cause, on account of his supposed partiality.Blackstone. 1913 Webster]
re*cuse"(r?*k?z"), v. t.[F. r\'82cuser, or L. recusare. See Recusant.](Law)To refuse or reject, as a judge; to challenge that the judge shall not try the cause. [Obs.] Sir K. Digby. 1913 Webster]
re*cuse"(r?*k?z"), v. i.To withdraw oneself from serving as a judge or other decision-maker in order to avoid a real or apparent conflict of interest; -- often used with the reflexive; as, the judge recused himself due to a financial interest in the matter. PJC]
Re*cus"sion(r?*k?sh"?n), n.[L. recutire, recussum, to beat back; pref. re- re- + quatere to shake.]The act of beating or striking back. 1913 Webster]
Red(r, obs. imp. & p. p. of Read.Spenser. 1913 Webster]
Red, v. t.To put on order; to make tidy; also, to free from entanglement or embarrassement; -- generally with up; as, to red up a house. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.] 1913 Webster]
Red, a.[Compar.Redder(-d?r); superl.Reddest.][OE. red, reed, AS. re\'a0d, re\'a2d; akin to OS. r, OFries. r, D. rood, G. roht, rot, OHG. r, Dan. & Sw. r\'94d, Icel. rau, rj, Goth. r\'a0uds, W. rhudd, Armor. ruz, Ir. & Gael. ruadh, L. ruber, rufus, Gr. 'eryqro`s, Skr. rudhira, rohita; cf. L. rutilus. Erysipelas, Rouge, Rubric, Ruby, Ruddy, Russet, Rust.]Of the color of blood, or of a tint resembling that color; of the hue of that part of the rainbow, or of the solar spectrum, which is furthest from the violet part. \'bdFresh flowers, white and reede.\'b8 Chaucer. 1913 Webster]
Your color, I warrant you, is as red as any rose.Shak. 1913 Webster]
Red is a general term, including many different shades or hues, as scarlet, crimson, vermilion, orange red, and the like. 1913 Webster]
Red is often used in the formation of self-explaining compounds; as, red-breasted, red-cheeked, red-faced, red-haired, red-headed, red-skinned, red-tailed, red-topped, red-whiskered, red-coasted. 1913 Webster]
Red admiral(Zo\'94l.), a beautiful butterfly (Vanessa Atalanta) common in both Europe and America. The front wings are crossed by a broad orange red band. The larva feeds on nettles. Called also Atalanta butterfly, and nettle butterfly. --
Red ant. (Zo\'94l.)(a)A very small ant (Myrmica molesta) which often infests houses. (b)A larger reddish ant (Formica sanguinea), native of Europe and America. It is one of the slave-making species. --
Red antimony(Min.), kermesite. See Kermes mineral(b), under Kermes. --
Red ash(Bot.), an American tree (Fraxinus pubescens), smaller than the white ash, and less valuable for timber.Cray. --
Red bass. (Zo\'94l.)See Redfish(d). --
Red bay(Bot.), a tree (Persea Caroliniensis) having the heartwood red, found in swamps in the Southern United States. --
Red beard(Zo\'94l.), a bright red sponge (Microciona prolifera), common on oyster shells and stones. [Local, U.S.] --
Red birch(Bot.), a species of birch (Betula nigra) having reddish brown bark, and compact, light-colored wood.Gray. --
Red blindness. (Med.)See Daltonism. --
Red book, a book containing the names of all the persons in the service of the state. [Eng.] --
Red book of the Exchequer, an ancient record in which are registered the names of all that held lands per baroniam in the time of Henry II.Brande & C. --
Red brass, an alloy containing eight parts of copper and three of zinc. --
Red bug. (Zo\'94l.)(a)A very small mite which in Florida attacks man, and produces great irritation by its bites. (b)A red hemipterous insect of the genus Pyrrhocoris, especially the European species (Pyrrhocoris apterus), which is bright scarlet and lives in clusters on tree trunks.(c)See Cotton stainder, under Cotton. --
Red cedar. (Bot.)An evergreen North American tree (Juniperus Virginiana) having a fragrant red-colored heartwood.(b)A tree of India and Australia (Cedrela Toona) having fragrant reddish wood; -- called also toon tree in India. <-- p. 1203 --> --
Red chalk. See under Chalk. --
Red copper(Min.), red oxide of copper; cuprite. --
Red coral(Zo\'94l.), the precious coral (Corallium rubrum). See Illusts. of Coral and Gorgonlacea. --
Red cross. The cross of St. George, the national emblem of the English.(b)The Geneva cross. See Geneva convention, and Geneva cross, under Geneva. --
Red currant. (Bot.)See Currant. --
Red deer. (Zo\'94l.)(a)The common stag (Cervus elaphus), native of the forests of the temperate parts of Europe and Asia. It is very similar to the American elk, or wapiti.(b)The Virginia deer. See Deer. --
Red duck(Zo\'94l.), a European reddish brown duck (Fuligula nyroca); -- called also ferruginous duck. --
Red ebony. (Bot.)See Grenadillo. --
Red empress(Zo\'94l.), a butterfly. See Tortoise shell. --
Red fir(Bot.), a coniferous tree (Pseudotsuga Douglasii) found from British Columbia to Texas, and highly valued for its durable timber. The name is sometimes given to other coniferous trees, as the Norway spruce and the American Abies magnifica and Abies nobilis. --
Red fire. (Pyrotech.)See Blue fire, under Fire. --
Red flag. See under Flag. --
Red fox(Zo\'94l.), the common American fox (Vulpes fulvus), which is usually reddish in color. --
Red grouse(Zo\'94l.), the Scotch grouse, or ptarmigan. See under Ptarmigan. --
Red gum, or
Red gum-tree(Bot.), a name given to eight Australian species of Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus amygdalina, resinifera, etc.) which yield a reddish gum resin. See Eucalyptus. --
Red hand(Her.), a left hand appaum\'82, fingers erect, borne on an escutcheon, being the mark of a baronet of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; -- called also Badge of Ulster. --
Red herring, the common herring dried and smoked.<-- Fig. something that merely distracts attention from the basic issue; esp. something irrelevant to the issue at hand, or something which is not true or does not exist. --> --
Red horse. (Zo\'94l.)(a)Any large American red fresh-water sucker, especially Moxostoma macrolepidotum and allied species. (b)See the Note under Drumfish. --
Red lead. (Chem) See under Lead, and Minium. --
Red-lead ore. (Min.)Same as Crocoite. --
Red liquor(Dyeing), a solution consisting essentially of aluminium acetate, used as a mordant in the fixation of dyestuffs on vegetable fiber; -- so called because used originally for red dyestuffs. Called also red mordant. --
Red maggot(Zo\'94l.), the larva of the wheat midge. --
Red manganese. (Min.)Same as Rhodochrosite. --
Red man, one of the American Indians; -- so called from his color. --
Red maple(Bot.), a species of maple (Acer rubrum). See Maple. --
Red mite. (Zo\'94l.)See Red spider, below. --
Red mulberry(Bot.), an American mulberry of a dark purple color (Morus rubra). --
Red mullet(Zo\'94l.), the surmullet. See Mullet. --
Red ocher(Min.), a soft earthy variety of hematite, of a reddish color. --
Red perch(Zo\'94l.), the rosefish. --
Red phosphorus. (Chem.)See under Phosphorus. --
Red pine(Bot.), an American species of pine (Pinus resinosa); -- so named from its reddish bark. --
Red precipitate. See under Precipitate. --
Red Republican(European Politics), originally, one who maintained extreme republican doctrines in France, -- because a red liberty cap was the badge of the party; an extreme radical in social reform. [Cant] --
Red ribbon, the ribbon of the Order of the Bath in England. --
Red sanders. (Bot.)See Sanders. --
Red sandstone. (Geol.)See under Sandstone. --
Red scale(Zo\'94l.), a scale insect (Aspidiotus aurantii) very injurious to the orange tree in California and Australia. --
Red silver(Min.), an ore of silver, of a ruby-red or reddish black color. It includes proustite, or light red silver, and pyrargyrite, or dark red silver. --
Red snapper(Zo\'94l.), a large fish (Lutjanus aya syn. Lutjanus Blackfordii) abundant in the Gulf of Mexico and about the Florida reefs. --
Red snow, snow colored by a mocroscopic unicellular alga (Protococcus nivalis) which produces large patches of scarlet on the snows of arctic or mountainous regions. --
Red softening(Med.)a form of cerebral softening in which the affected parts are red, -- a condition due either to infarction or inflammation. --
Red spider(Zo\'94l.), a very small web-spinning mite (Tetranychus telarius) which infests, and often destroys, plants of various kinds, especially those cultivated in houses and conservatories. It feeds mostly on the under side of the leaves, and causes them to turn yellow and die. The adult insects are usually pale red. Called also red mite. --
Red squirrel(Zo\'94l.), the chickaree. --
Red tape, (a)the tape used in public offices for tying up documents, etc.Hence,(b)official formality and delay; excessive bureaucratic paperwork. --
Red underwing(Zo\'94l.), any species of noctuid moths belonging to Catacola and allied genera. The numerous species are mostly large and handsomely colored. The under wings are commonly banded with bright red or orange. --
Red water, a disease in cattle, so called from an appearance like blood in the urine. 1913 Webster]
Red(r?d), n.1.The color of blood, or of that part of the spectrum farthest from violet, or a tint resembling these. \'bdCelestial rosy red, love's proper hue.\'b8 Milton. 1913 Webster]
2.A red pigment. 1913 Webster]
3.(European Politics)An abbreviation for Red Republican. See under Red, a. [Cant] 1913 Webster]
4.pl.(Med.)The menses.Dunglison. 1913 Webster]
<-- 5. Informal name for a Communist. --> 1913 Webster]
English red, a pigment prepared by the Dutch, similar to Indian red. --
Hypericum red, a red resinous dyestuff extracted from Hypericum. --
Indian red. See under Indian, and Almagra. 1913 Webster]
Re*dact"(r?*d?kt"), v. t.[L. redactus, p. p. of redigere; pref. red-, re-, again, back + agere to put in motion, to drive.]To reduce to form, as literary matter; to digest and put in shape (matter for publication); to edit. 1913 Webster]
Re*dac"tion(r?*d?k"sh?n), n.[F. r\'82daction.]The act of redacting; work produced by redacting; a digest. 1913 Webster]
Re*dac"tor(-t?r), n.One who redacts; one who prepares matter for publication; an editor.Carlyle. 1913 Webster]
Re*dan"(r?*d?n"), n.[F., for OF. redent a double notching or jagging, as in the teeth of a saw, fr. L. pref. re- re- + dens, dentis, a tooth. Cf. Redented.][Written sometimes redent and redens.]1.(Fort.)A work having two parapets whose faces unite so as to form a salient angle toward the enemy. 1913 Webster]
2.A step or vertical offset in a wall on uneven ground, to keep the parts level. 1913 Webster]
Red*ar"gue(r?d*?r"g?), v. t.[imp. & p. p.Redargued(-g?d); p. pr. & vb. n.Redarguing.][L. redarguere; pref. red-, re- re- + arguere to accuse, charge with: cf. F. r\'82darguer.]To disprove; to refute; toconfute; to reprove; to convict. [Archaic] 1913 Webster]
How shall I . . . suffer that God should redargue me at doomsday, and the angels reproach my lukewarmness?Jer. Taylor. 1913 Webster]
Now this objection to the immediate cognition of external objects has, as far as I know, been redargued in three different ways.Sir W. Hamilton. 1913 Webster]
Red`ar*gu"tion(r?d`?r*g?"sh?n), n.[L. redargutio.]The act of redarguing; refutation. [Obs. or R.] Bacon. 1913 Webster]
Red`ar*gu"to*ry(-t?*r?), a.Pertaining to, or containing, redargution; refutatory. [R.] 1913 Webster]
Red"breast`(-br?st`), n.1.(Zo\'94l.)(a)The European robin.(b)The American robin. See Robin.(c)The knot, or red-breasted snipe; -- called also robin breast, and robin snipe. See Knot. 1913 Webster]
2.(Zo\'94l.)The long-eared pondfish. See Pondfish. 1913 Webster]
Red"bud`(-b?d`), n.(Bot.)A small ornamental leguminous tree of the American species of the genus Cercis. See Judas tree, under Judas. 1913 Webster]
Red"cap`, n.1.(Zo\'94l)The European goldfinch. 1913 Webster]
2.A specter having long teeth, popularly supposed to haunt old castles in Scotland. [Scot.] Jamieson. 1913 Webster]
Red"coat`(-k, n.One who wears a red coat; specifically, a red-coated British soldier. 1913 Webster]
Red Cross. 1.The crusaders or the cause they represented. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
2.A hospital or ambulance service established as a result of, though not provided for by, the Geneva convention of 1864; any of the national societies for alleviating the sufferings of the sick and wounded war, also giving aid and relief during great calamities; also, a member or worker of such a society; -- so called from the badge of neutrality; the Geneva cross.In islamic countries, a similarly motivated affiliated organization is called the Red Crescent. The American Red Cross was founded in 1881, largely due to the initiative of Clara Barton. The American Red Cross maintains a web page on the internet, where additional information can be found. Webster 1913 Suppl. +PJC]
Red"de(-de), obs. imp. of Read, or Rede.Chaucer. 1913 Webster]
Red"den(r?d"d'n), v. t.[imp. & p. p.Reddened(-d'nd); p. pr. & vb. n.Reddening.][From Red, a.]To make red or somewhat red; to give a red color to. 1913 Webster]
Red"den, v. i.To grow or become red; to blush. 1913 Webster]
Appius reddens at each word you speak.Pope. 1913 Webster]
He no sooner saw that her eye glistened and her cheek reddened than his obstinacy was at once subbued.Sir W. SCott. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Red*den"dum(r?d*d?n"d?m), n.[Neut. of L. reddendus that must be given back or yielded, gerundive of reddere. See Reddition.](Law)A clause in a deed by which some new thing is reserved out of what had been granted before; the clause by which rent is reserved in a lease.Cruise. 1913 Webster]
Red"dish(r?d"d?sh), a.Somewhat red; moderately red. -- Red"dish*ness, n. 1913 Webster]
Red*di"tion(r?d*d?sh"?n), n.[L. redditio, fr. reddere to give back, to return: cf. F. reddition. See Render.] 1913 Webster]
The reddition or application of the comparison.Chapman. 1913 Webster]
Red"di**tive(r?d"d?*t?v), a.[L. redditivus.](Gram.)Answering to an interrogative or inquiry; conveying a reply; as, redditive words. 1913 Webster]
Red"dle(r?d"d'l), n.[From Red; cf. G. r\'94thel. Cf. Ruddle.](Min.)Red chalk. See under Chalk. 1913 Webster]
{ Red dog, orRed`-dog" flour }. The lowest grade of flour in milling. It is dark and of little expansive power, is secured largely from the germ or embryo and adjacent parts, and contains a relatively high percentage of protein. It is chiefly useful as feed for farm animals. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
There was none other remedy ne reed.Chaucer. 1913 Webster]
2.A word or phrase; a motto; a proverb; a wise saw. [Obs.] \'bdThis rede is rife.\'b8 Spenser. 1913 Webster]
Re*deem"(r?*d?m"), v. t.[imp. & p. p.Redeemed. (-dp. pr. & vb. n. Redeeming.][F. r\'82dimer, L. redimere; pref. red-, re- re- + emere, emptum, to buy, originally, to take, cf. OIr. em (in comp.), Lith. imti. Cf. Assume, Consume, Exempt, Premium, Prompt, Ransom.]1.To purchase back; to regain possession of by payment of a stipulated price; to repurchase. 1913 Webster]
If a man sell a dwelling house in a walled city, then he may redeem it within a whole year after it is sold.Lev. xxv. 29. 1913 Webster]
2. Hence, specifically: (a)(Law)To recall, as an estate, or to regain, as mortgaged property, by paying what may be due by force of the mortgage.(b)(Com.)To regain by performing the obligation or condition stated; to discharge the obligation mentioned in, as a promissory note, bond, or other evidence of debt; as, to redeem bank notes with coin. 1913 Webster]
3.To ransom, liberate, or rescue from captivity or bondage, or from any obligation or liability to suffer or to be forfeited, by paying a price or ransom; to ransom; to rescue; to recover; as, to redeem a captive, a pledge, and the like. 1913 Webster]
Redeem Israel, O God, out of all his troubles.Ps. xxv. 22. 1913 Webster]
The Almighty from the grave redeemed.Sandys. 1913 Webster]
4.(Theol.)Hence, to rescue and deliver from the bondage of sin and the penalties of God's violated law. 1913 Webster]
Christ hath redeemed us from the curse of the law, being made a curse for us.Gal. iii. 13. 1913 Webster]
5.To make good by performing fully; to fulfill; as, to redeem one's promises. 1913 Webster]
I will redeem all this on Percy's head.Shak. 1913 Webster]
6.To pay the penalty of; to make amends for; to serve as an equivalent or offset for; to atone for; to compensate; as, to redeem an error. 1913 Webster]
Which of ye will be mortal, to redeem Milton. 1913 Webster]
It is a chance which does redeem all sorrows.Shak. 1913 Webster]
To redeem the time, to make the best use of it. 1913 Webster]
Re*deem"a*ble(-?*b;l), a.1.Capable of being redeemed; subject to repurchase; held under conditions permitting redemption; as, a pledge securing the payment of money is redeemable. 1913 Webster]
2.Subject to an obligation of redemtion; conditioned upon a promise of redemtion; payable; due; as, bonds, promissory notes, etc. , redeemabble in gold, or in current money, or four months after date. 1913 Webster]
Re*deem"a*ble*ness(r?*d?m"?*b'l*n?s), n.The quality or state of being redeemable; redeemability. 1913 Webster]
Re*deem"er(r?*d?m"?r), n.1.One who redeems. 1913 Webster]
2.Specifically, the Savior of the world, Jesus Christ. 1913 Webster]
Rede"less(r?d"l?s), a.Without rede or counsel. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
Re`de*lib"er*ate(r?`d?*l?b"?r*?t), v. t. & i.To deliberate again; to reconsider. 1913 Webster]
Re`de*liv"er(r?`d?*l?v"?r), v. t.1.To deliver or give back; to return.Ay 1913 Webster]
2.To deliver or liberate a second time or again. 1913 Webster]
3.To report; to deliver the answer of. [R.] \'bdShall I redeliver you e'en so?\'b8 Shak. 1913 Webster]
Re`de*liv"er*ance(-ans), n.A second deliverance. 1913 Webster]
Re`de*liv"er*y(-?), n.1.Act of delivering back. 1913 Webster]
2.A second or new delivery or liberation. 1913 Webster]
Re`de*mand"(r?`d\'b5-m?nd"), v. t.[Pref. re- back, again + demand: cf. F. redemander.]To demand back; to demand again. 1913 Webster]
Re`de*mand", n.A demanding back; a second or renewed demand. 1913 Webster]
Re`de*mise"(-m?z"), v. t.To demise back; to convey or transfer back, as an estate. 1913 Webster]
Re`de*mise", n.(Law)The transfer of an estate back to the person who demised it; reconveyance; as, the demise and redemise of an estate. See under Demise. 1913 Webster]
Re*dem"on*strate(r?*d?m"?n*str?t , v. t.To demonstrate again, or anew. 1913 Webster]
Every truth of morals must be redemonstrated in the experience of the individual man before he is capable of utilizing it as a constituent of character or a guide in action.Lowell. 1913 Webster]
Re-demp"tion(-sh?n), n.[F. r\'82demption, L. redemptio. See Redeem, and cf. Ransom.]The act of redeeming, or the state of being redeemed; repurchase; ransom; release; rescue; deliverance; as, the redemption of prisoners taken in war; the redemption of a ship and cargo. Specifically: (a)(Law)The liberation of an estate from a mortgage, or the taking back of property mortgaged, upon performance of the terms or conditions on which it was conveyed; also, the right of redeeming and re\'89ntering upon an estate mortgaged. See Equity of redemption, under Equity.(b)(Com.)Performance of the obligation stated in a note, bill, bond, or other evidence of debt, by making payment to the holder.(c)(Theol.)The procuring of God's favor by the sufferings and death of Christ; the ransom or deliverance of sinners from the bondage of sin and the penalties of God's violated law. 1913 Webster]
In whom we have redemption through his blood.Eph. i. 7. 1913 Webster]
Re*demp"tion*a*ry(-?*r?), n.One who is, or may be, redeemed. [R.] Hakluyt. 1913 Webster]
Re*demp"tion*er(-?r), n.1.One who redeems himself, as from debt or servitude. 1913 Webster]
2.Formerly, one who, wishing to emigrate from Europe to America, sold his services for a stipulated time to pay the expenses of his passage. 1913 Webster]
Re*demp"tion*ist, n.(R.C.Ch.)A monk of an order founded in 1197; -- so called because the order was especially devoted to the redemption of Christians held in captivity by the Mohammedans. Called also Trinitarian. 1913 Webster]
Re*demp"tive(-t?v), a.Serving or tending to redeem; redeeming; as, the redemptive work of Christ. 1913 Webster]
Re*demp"tor*ist(-t?r*?st), n.[F. r\'82demptoriste, fr. L. redemptor redeemer, from redinere. See Redeem.](R.C.Ch.)One of the Congregation of the Most Holy Redeemer, founded in Naples in 1732 by St. Alphonsus Maria de Liquori. It was introduced onto the United States in 1832 at Detroit. The Fathers of the Congregation devote themselves to preaching to the neglected, esp. in missions and retreats, and are forbidden by their rule to engage in the instruction of youth. 1913 Webster]
Re*demp"to*ry(-t?*r?), a.Paid for ransom; serving to redeem. \'bdHector's redemptory price.\'b8 Chapman. 1913 Webster]
Re*dent"ed(r?*d?nt"?d), a.[From OF. redent. See Redan.]Formed like the teeth of a saw; indented. 1913 Webster]
Re`de*pos"it(r?`d?*p?z"?t), v. t.To deposit again. 1913 Webster]
Re`de*scend"(-s?nd"), v. i.[Pref. re- + descend: cf. F. redescendre.]To descend again.Howell. 1913 Webster]
Re`de*vel"op(?), v. t. & i.1.To develop again;specif.(Photog.), to intensify (a developed image), as by bleaching with mercuric chloride and subsequently subjecting anew to a developing agent. 1913 Webster]
2.to rebuild an urban area, usually commercial but sometimes residential; -- typically involving some portion of government involvement and expenditure. PJC]
-- Re`de*vel"op*er(#), n. -- Re`de*vel"op*ment(#), n. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Re`de*vel"op*ment(?), n.the rebuilding of an urban area, usually a commercial district but sometimes residential or industrial, and typically involving some portion of government involvement and expenditure; to organize a municipal redevelopment agency. PJC]
Red"eye`(r, n.1.(Zo\'94l.)(a)The rudd.(b)Same as Redfish(d).(c)The goggle-eye, or fresh-water rock bass. [Local, U.S.] 1913 Webster]
2.A scheduled public conveyance, such as a train or airplane, which travels late at night or overnight. [Colloq.] PJC]
Red"fin`(-f?n`), n.(Zo\'94l.)A small North American dace (Minnilus cornutus, or Notropis megalops). The male, in the breeding season, has bright red fins. Called also red dace, and shiner. Applied also to Notropis ardens, of the Mississippi valley. 1913 Webster]
Red"finch`(-f, n.(Zo\'94l.)The European linnet. 1913 Webster]
Red"fish`(r, n.(Zo\'94l.)(a)The blueback salmon of the North Pacific; -- called also nerka. See Blueback(b).(b)The rosefish.(c)A large California labroid food fish (Trochocopus pulcher); -- called also fathead.(d)The red bass, red drum, or drumfish. See the Note under Drumfish. 1913 Webster]
Red"-gum`(-g?m`), n.[OE. reed gounde; AS. re\'a0d red + gund matter, pus.]1.(Med.)An eruption of red pimples upon the face, neck, and arms, in early infancy; tooth rash; strophulus.Good. 1913 Webster]
2.A name of rust on grain. See Rust. 1913 Webster]
<-- p. 1204 -->
{ Red"-hand`(r?d"h?nd`), Red"-hand`ed(-h?nd`?d), }a. Having hands red with blood; in the very act, as if with red or bloody hands; -- said of a person taken in the act of homicide; hence, fresh from the commission of crime; as, he was taken red-hand or red-handed.
<-- usu. caught red-handed --> 1913 Webster]
Red"head`(-h?d`), n.1.A person having red hair. 1913 Webster]
2.(Zo\'94l.)(a)An American duck (Aythya Americana) highly esteemed as a game bird. It is closely allied to the canvasback, but is smaller and its head brighter red. Called also red-headed duck. American poachard, grayback, and fall duck. See Illust. under Poachard.(b)The red-headed woodpecker. See Woodpecker. 1913 Webster]
3.(Bot.)A kind of milkweed (Asclepias Curassavica) with red flowers. It is used in medicine. 1913 Webster]
Red`hi*bi"tion(r?d`h?*b?sh"?n), n.[L. redhibitio a taking back.](Civil Law)The annulling of a sale, and the return by the buyer of the article sold, on account of some defect. 1913 Webster]
Red*hib"i*to*ry(r?d*h?b"?*t?*r?), a.[L. redhibitorius.](Civil Law)Of or pertaining to redhibition; as, a redhibitory action or fault. 1913 Webster]
Red"hoop`(r?d"h??p`), n.(Zo\'94l.)The male of the European bullfinch. [Prov. Eng.] 1913 Webster]
Red"horn`(-h?rn`), n.(Zo\'94l.)Any species of a tribe of butterflies (Fugacia) including the common yellow species and the cabbage butterflies. The antenn\'91 are usually red. 1913 Webster]
Red"-hot`(-h?t`), a.Red with heat; heated to redness; as, red-hot iron; red-hot balls. Hence, figuratively, excited; violent; as, a red-hot radical.Shak. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Re"di*a(r?"d?*?), n.; pl. L. Redi\'91 (-Redias (-.[NL.; of uncertain origin.](Zo\'94l.)A kind of larva, or nurse, which is prroduced within the sporocyst of certain trematodes by asexual generation. It in turn produces, in the same way, either another generation of redi\'91, or else cercari\'91 within its own body. Called also proscolex, and nurse. See Illustration in Appendix. 1913 Webster]
Re"di*ent(r?"d?-ent), a.[L. rediens, p. pr. of redire to return; pref. red- + ire to go.]Returning. [R.] 1913 Webster]
\'d8Re*dif"(?), n.[Turk. red\'c6f, fr. rad\'c6f, orig., he who rides behind another on the same beast, fr. radaf to follow.]A reserve force in the Turkish army, or a soldier of the reserve. See Army organization, above. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Re`di*gest"(r?`d?*j?st"), v. t.To digest, or reduce to form, a second time.Kent. 1913 Webster]
Re`di*min"ish(-m?n"?sh), v. t.To diminish again. 1913 Webster]
Red"in*gote(r, n.[F., corrupted from E. riding coat.]A long plain double-breasted outside coat for women. 1913 Webster]
Re*din"te*grate(r?*d?n"t?*gr?t), a.[L. redintegratus, p. p. of redintegrare to restore; pref. red-, re-, re- + integrare to make whole, to renew, fr. integer whole. See Integer.]Restored to wholeness or a perfect state; renewed.Bacon. 1913 Webster]
Re*din"te*grate(-gr?t), v. t.To make whole again; a renew; to restore to integrity or soundness. 1913 Webster]
The English nation seems obliterated. What could redintegrate us again?Coleridge. 1913 Webster]
Re*din`te*gra"tion(-gr?"sh?n), n.[L. redintegratio.]1.Restoration to a whole or sound state; renewal; renovation.Dr. H. More. 1913 Webster]
2.(Chem.)Restoration of a mixed body or matter to its former nature and state. [Achaic.] Coxe. 1913 Webster]
3.(Psychology)The law that objects which have been previously combined as part of a single mental state tend to recall or suggest one another; -- adopted by many philosophers to explain the phenomena of the association of ideas. 1913 Webster]
Re`di*rect"(r?`d?*r?kt"), a.(Law)Applied to the examination of a witness, by the party calling him, after the cross-examination. 1913 Webster]
Re`dis*burse"(r?`d?s*b?rs"), v. t.To disburse anew; to give, or pay, back.Spenser. 1913 Webster]
Re`dis*cov"er(-k?v"?r), v. t.To discover again. 1913 Webster]
Re`dis*pose"(-p?z"), v. t.To dispose anew or again; to readjust; to rearrange.A. Baxter. 1913 Webster]
Re`dis*seize"(-s?z"), v. t.(Law)To disseize anew, or a second time.[Written also redisseise.] 1913 Webster]
Re`dis*sei"zin(-s?"z?n), n.(Law)A disseizin by one who once before was adjudged to have dassezed the same person of the same lands, etc.; also, a writ which lay in such a case.Blackstone. 1913 Webster]
Re`dis*sei"zor(-z?r), n.(Law)One who redisseizes. 1913 Webster]
Re`dis*solve"(r?`d?z*z?lv"), v. t.To dissolve again. 1913 Webster]
Re`dis*till"(r?`d?s*t?l"), v. t.To distill again. 1913 Webster]
Re`dis*train"er(-tr?n"?r), n.One who distrains again. 1913 Webster]
Re`dis*trib"ute(-tr?b"?t), v. t.To distribute again. 1913 Webster]
-- Re*dis`tri*bu"tion(-tr, n. 1913 Webster]
Re*dis"trict(-tr?kt), v. t.To divide into new districts. 1913 Webster]
Re*di"tion(r?*d?sh"?n), n.[L. reditio, fr. redire. See Redient.]Act of returning; return. [Obs.] Chapman. 1913 Webster]
Re`di*vide"(r?`d?*v?d"), v. t.To divide anew. 1913 Webster]
Red"-let`ter(-l?t`t?r), a.Of or pertaining to a red letter; marked by red letters. 1913 Webster]
Red-letter day, a day that is fortunate or auspicious; -- so called in allusion to the custom of marking holy days, or saints' days, in the old calendars with red letters. 1913 Webster]
Red-light district. A district or neighborhood in which houses of prostitution are located; -- so called in allusion to the red light kept in front of many such resorts at night. [Colloq. or Cant] Webster 1913 Suppl. +PJC]
Red light. 1.an electrically operated set of lights at a road intersection which has different lights visible to traffic from different directions, designed to control vehicle traffic through the intersection. Each set of lights typically has a colored red light and also green and amber lights; the color of the light which is lighted at any one time changes automatically to control the flow of traffic through the intersection, allowing flow from different directions in alternating succession. Also called traffic light, traffic signal or stop light. When the red light is illuminated the signal means to stop; green means to go; and amber means to stop or procede through the intersection with caution. In simple intersections of two roads, a red light visible to traffic on one road will usually be accompanied by a green light visible to traffic on the intersecting road. In some locations the lights may be set to be illuminated in other sequences or combinations; a blinking red light is typically equivalent to a \'bdstop\'b8 sign, and a blinking amber light typically means \'bdprocede with caution\'b8. PJC]
2.the condition of a traffic light when the signal visible to the driver of a vehicle is red, signalling that the vehicle must stop and not enter the intersection; I got seven red lights on the way to work. PJC]
3.figuratively, a sign or signal that one must stop doing what one is presently doing; as, a fatal side effect is often a red light to continuation of a clinical trial. PJC]
Red"ly, adv.In a red manner; with redness. 1913 Webster]
Red"mouth`(-mouth`), n.(Zo\'94l.)Any one of several species of marine food fishes of the genus Diabasis, or H\'91mulon, of the Southern United States, having the inside of the mouth bright red. Called also flannelmouth, and grunt. 1913 Webster]
Red"ness, n.[AS. re. See Red.]The quality or state of being red; red color. 1913 Webster]
{ Red"o*lence(r?d"?*lens), Red"o*len*cy(-len*s?), }n.The quality of being redolent; sweetness of scent; pleasant odor; fragrance. 1913 Webster]
Red"o*lent(-lent), a.[L. redolens, -entis, p. pr. of redolere to emit a scent, diffuse an odor; pref. red-, re-, re- + olere to emit a smell. See Odor.]Diffusing odor or fragrance; spreading sweet scent; scented; odorous; smelling; -- usually followed by of. \'bdHoney redolent of spring.\'b8 Dryden. -- Red"o*lent*ly, adv. 1913 Webster]
Gales . . . redolent of joy and youth.Gray. 1913 Webster]
Re*dou"ble(r?*d?b"'l), v. t.[Pref. re- + double: cf. F. redoubler. Cf. Reduplicate.]To double again or repeatedly; to increase by continued or repeated additions; to augment greatly; to multiply. 1913 Webster]
So they redoubled strokes upon the foe.Shak. 1913 Webster]
<-- v. t. 2. (Contract bridge) To bid a redouble. 1913 Webster]
n. An optional bid made by the side currently holding the highest bid for the contract, after the opposing side has doubled. This bid increases the score for successfully making the contract, and increases the penalties for failing. The score or penalty depends on the number of tricks over or under the contract, according to a defined schedule, and depending on the vulnerability of the side attempting the contract. --> 1913 Webster]
Re*dou"ble, v. i.To become greatly or repeatedly increased; to be multiplied; to be greatly augmented; as, the noise redoubles. 1913 Webster]
Re*doubt"(r?*dout"), n.[F. redoute, fem., It. ridotto, LL. reductus, literally, a retreat, from L. reductus drawn back, retired, p. p. of reducere to lead or draw back; cf. F. r\'82duit, also fr. LL. reductus. See Reduce, and cf. Reduct, R\'82duit, Ridotto.](Fort.)(a)A small, and usually a roughly constructed, fort or outwork of varying shape, commonly erected for a temporary purpose, and without flanking defenses, -- used esp. in fortifying tops of hills and passes, and positions in hostile territory.(b)In permanent works, an outwork placed within another outwork. See F and i in Illust. of Ravelin.[Written also redout.] 1913 Webster]
Re*doubt", v. t.[F. redouter, formerly also spelt redoubter; fr. L. pref. re- re- + dubitare to doubt, in LL., to fear. See Doubt.]To stand in dread of; to regard with fear; to dread. [R.] 1913 Webster]
Re*doubt"a*ble(-?*b'l), a.[F. redoutable, formerly also spelt redoubtable.]Formidable; dread; terrible to foes; as, a redoubtable hero; hence, valiant; -- often in contempt or burlesque.[Written also redoutable.] 1913 Webster]
In redoutyng of Mars and of his glory.Chaucer. 1913 Webster]
Re*dound"(r?*dound"), v. i.[imp. & p. p.Redounded; p. pr. & vb. n.Redounding.][F. redonder, L. redundare; pref. red-, re-, re- + undare to rise in waves or surges, fr. unda a wave. See Undulate, and cf. Redundant.]1.To roll back, as a wave or flood; to be sent or driven back; to flow back, as a consequence or effect; to conduce; to contribute; to result. 1913 Webster]
The evil, soon redounded as a flood on those Milton. 1913 Webster]
The honor done to our religion ultimately redounds to God, the author of it.Rogers. 1913 Webster]
both . . . will devour great quantities of paper, there will no small use redound from them to that manufacture.Addison. 1913 Webster]
2.To be in excess; to remain over and above; to be redundant; to overflow. 1913 Webster]
For every dram of honey therein found, redound.Spenser. 1913 Webster]
Re*dound", n.1.The coming back, as of consequence or effect; result; return; requital. 1913 Webster]
We give you welcome; not without redound Tennyson. 1913 Webster]
Red"ow*a(r?d"?*?), n.[F., fr. Bohemian.]A Bohemian dance of two kinds, one in triple time, like a waltz, the other in two-four time, like a polka. The former is most in use. 1913 Webster]
Red"pole`(r?d"p?l`), n.(Zo\'94l.)Same as Redpoll. 1913 Webster]
Red"poll`(-p?l`), n.(Zo\'94l.)(a)Any one of several species of small northern finches of the genus Acanthis (formerly \'92giothus), native of Europe and America. The adults have the crown red or rosy. The male of the most common species (Acanthis linarius) has also the breast and rump rosy. Called also redpoll linnet. See Illust. under Linnet.(b)The common European linnet.(c)The American redpoll warbler (Dendroica palmarum). 1913 Webster]
Re*draft"(r, v. t.To draft or draw anew. 1913 Webster]
Re*draft", n.1.A second draft or copy. 1913 Webster]
2.(Com.)A new bill of exchange which the holder of a protected bill draws on the drawer or indorsers, in order to recover the amount of the protested bill with costs and charges. 1913 Webster]
Re*draw"(r?*dr?"), v. t.[imp.Redrew(-dr?");p. p.Redrawn(-dr\'b5n"); p. pr. & vb. n.Redrawing.]To draw again; to make a second draft or copy of; to redraft. 1913 Webster]
Re*draw", v. i.(Com.)To draw a new bill of exchange, as the holder of a protested bill, on the drawer or indorsers. 1913 Webster]
Re*dress"(r?*dr?s"), v. t.[Pref. re- + dress.]To dress again. 1913 Webster]
Re*dress"(r?*dr?s"), v. t.[F. redresser to straighten; pref. re- re- + dresser to raise, arrange. See Dress.] 1913 Webster]
1.To put in order again; to set right; to emend; to revise. [R.] 1913 Webster]
The common profit could she redress.Chaucer. 1913 Webster]
In yonder spring of roses intermixed redress till noon.Milton. 1913 Webster]
Your wish that I should redress a certain paper which you had prepared.A. Hamilton. 1913 Webster]
2.To set right, as a wrong; to repair, as an injury; to make amends for; to remedy; to relieve from. 1913 Webster]
Those wrongs, those bitter injuries, . . . redress.Shak. 1913 Webster]
3.To make amends or compensation to; to relieve of anything unjust or oppressive; to bestow relief upon. \'bd'T is thine, O king! the afflicted to redress.\'b8 Dryden. 1913 Webster]
Will Gaul or Muscovite redress ye?Byron. 1913 Webster]
Re*dress", n.1.The act of redressing; a making right; reformation; correction; amendment. [R.] 1913 Webster]
Reformation of evil laws is commendable, but for us the more necessary is a speedy redress of ourselves.Hooker. 1913 Webster]
2.A setting right, as of wrong, injury, or opression; as, the redress of grievances; hence, relief; remedy; reparation; indemnification.Shak. 1913 Webster]
A few may complain without reason; but there is occasion for redress when the cry is universal.Davenant. 1913 Webster]
3.One who, or that which, gives relief; a redresser. 1913 Webster]
Fair majesty, the refuge and redress Dryden. 1913 Webster]
Re*dress"al(r?*dr?s"al), n.Redress. 1913 Webster]
Re*dress"er(-?r), n.One who redresses. 1913 Webster]
Re*dress"i*ble(-?*b'l), a.Such as may be redressed. 1913 Webster]
Re*dress"ive(-?v), a.Tending to redress.Thomson. 1913 Webster]
Re*dress"less, a.Not having redress; such as can not be redressed; irremediable.Sherwood. 1913 Webster]
Re*dress"ment(-ment), n.[Cf. F. redressement.]The act of redressing; redress.Jefferson. 1913 Webster]
Red"-rib`and(r?d"r?b`and), n.(Zo\'94l.)The European red band fish, or fireflame. See Rend fish. 1913 Webster]
Red"root`(r?d"r?t`), n.(Bot.)A name of several plants having red roots, as the New Jersey tea (see under Tea), the gromwell, the bloodroot, and the Lachnanthes tinctoria, an endogenous plant found in sandy swamps from Rhode Island to Florida. 1913 Webster]
Red`sear"(r?d`s?r"), v. i.To be brittle when red-hot; to be red-short.Moxon. 1913 Webster]
Red"shank`(r?d"sh?nk`), n.1.(Zo\'94l.)(a)A common Old World limicoline bird (Totanus calidris), having the legs and feet pale red. The spotted redshank (Totanus fuscus) is larger, and has orange-red legs. Called also redshanks, redleg, and clee.(b)The fieldfare. 1913 Webster]
2.A bare-legged person; -- a contemptuous appellation formerly given to the Scotch Highlanders, in allusion to their bare legs.Spenser. 1913 Webster]
Red"-short`(-sh?rt`), a.(Metal.)Hot-short; brittle when red-hot; -- said of certain kinds of iron. -- Red"-short`ness, n. 1913 Webster]
Red"skin`(-sk?n`), n.1.A common appellation for a North American Indian; -- so called from the color of the skin. It is now considered pejorative by some persons of North American Indian heritage.Cooper. 1913 Webster +PJC]
2.(Football)A member of the Washington Redskins, a football team. PJC]
Red"start`(-st?rt`), n.[Red + start tail.](Zo\'94l.)(a)A small, handsome European singing bird (Phoenicurus phoenicurus, formerly Ruticilla phoenicurus), allied to the nightingale; -- called also redtail, brantail, fireflirt, firetail. The black redstart is Phoenicurus ochruros (formerly Phoenicurus tithys), and is now rare and protected by law in England. The name is also applied to several other species of Ruticilla and allied genera, native of India.(b)An American fly-catching warbler (Setophaga ruticilla). The male is black, with large patches of orange-red on the sides, wings, and tail. The female is olive, with yellow patches. 1913 Webster +PJC]
Red"streak`(-str?k`), n.1.A kind of apple having the skin streaked with red and yellow, -- a favorite English cider apple.Mortimer. 1913 Webster]
2.Cider pressed from redstreak apples. 1913 Webster]
Red"tail`(-t?l`), n.(Zo\'94l.)(a)The red-tailed hawk.(b)The European redstart. 1913 Webster]
Red"-tailed`(-t?ld`), a.Having a red tail. 1913 Webster]
Red-tailed hawk(Zo\'94l.), a large North American hawk (Buteo borealis). When adult its tail is chestnut red. Called also hen hawck, and red-tailed buzzard. 1913 Webster]
Red"-tape`(-t?p`), a.Pertaining to, or characterized by, official formality. See Red tape, under Red, a. 1913 Webster]
Red`-tap"ism(r?d`t?p"?z'm), n.Strict adherence to official formalities.J. C. Shairp. 1913 Webster]
Red`-tap"ist, n.One who is tenacious of a strict adherence to official formalities.Ld. Lytton. 1913 Webster]
Red"throat`(r?d"thr?t`), n.(Zo\'94l.)A small Australian singing bird (Phyrrhol\'91mus brunneus). The upper parts are brown, the center of the throat red. 1913 Webster]
Red"top`(-t?p`), n.(Bot.)A kind of grass (Agrostis vulgaris) highly valued in the United States for pasturage and hay for cattle; -- called also English grass, and in some localities herd's grass. See Illustration in Appendix. The tall redtop is Triodia seslerioides. 1913 Webster]
Re*dub"(r, v. t.[F. radouber to refit or repair.]1.To refit; to repair, or make reparation for; hence, to repay or requite. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
It shall be good that you redub that negligence.Wyatt. 1913 Webster]
God shall give power to redub it with some like requital to the French.Grafton. 1913 Webster]
2.To dub again. PJC]
Re*duce"(r, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Reduced(-d,; p. pr. & vb. n.Reducing(-d.][L. reducere, reductum; pref. red-. re-, re- + ducere to lead. See Duke, and cf. Redoubt, n.]1.To bring or lead back to any former place or condition. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
And to his brother's house reduced his wife.Chapman. 1913 Webster]
The sheep must of necessity be scattered, unless the great Shephered of souls oppose, or some of his delegates reduce and direct us.Evelyn. 1913 Webster]
2.To bring to any inferior state, with respect to rank, size, quantity, quality, value, etc.; to diminish; to lower; to degrade; to impair; as, to reduce a sergeant to the ranks; to reduce a drawing; to reduce expenses; to reduce the intensity of heat. \'bdAn ancient but reduced family.\'b8 Sir W. Scott. 1913 Webster]
Nothing so excellent but a man may fasten upon something belonging to it, to reduce it.Tillotson. 1913 Webster]
Having reduced Milton. 1913 Webster]
Hester Prynne was shocked at the condition to which she found the clergyman reduced.Hawthorne. 1913 Webster]
3.To bring to terms; to humble; to conquer; to subdue; to capture; as, to reduce a province or a fort. 1913 Webster]
<-- p. 1205 -->
4.To bring to a certain state or condition by grinding, pounding, kneading, rubbing, etc.; as, to reduce a substance to powder, or to a pasty mass; to reduce fruit, wood, or paper rags, to pulp. 1913 Webster]
It were but right reduce me to my dust.Milton. 1913 Webster]
5.To bring into a certain order, arrangement, classification, etc.; to bring under rules or within certain limits of descriptions and terms adapted to use in computation; as, to reduce animals or vegetables to a class or classes; to reduce a series of observations in astronomy; to reduce language to rules. 1913 Webster]
6.(Arith.)(a)To change, as numbers, from one denomination into another without altering their value, or from one denomination into others of the same value; as, to reduce pounds, shillings, and pence to pence, or to reduce pence to pounds; to reduce days and hours to minutes, or minutes to days and hours.(b)To change the form of a quantity or expression without altering its value; as, to reduce fractions to their lowest terms, to a common denominator, etc. 1913 Webster]
7.(Chem.)To add an electron to an atom or ion.Specifically:To remove oxygen from; to deoxidize.(Metallurgy)To bring to the metallic state by separating from combined oxygen and impurities; as, metals are reduced from their ores.(Chem.)To combine with, or to subject to the action of, hydrogen or any other reducing agent; as, ferric iron is reduced to ferrous iron; aldehydes can be reduced to alcohols by lithium hydride; -- opposed to oxidize. 1913 Webster +PJC]
8.(Med.)To restore to its proper place or condition, as a displaced organ or part; as, to reduce a dislocation, a fracture, or a hernia. 1913 Webster]
Reduced iron(Chem.), metallic iron obtained through deoxidation of an oxide of iron by exposure to a current of hydrogen or other reducing agent. When hydrogen is used the product is called also iron by hydrogen. --
To reduce an equation(Alg.), to bring the unknown quantity by itself on one side, and all the known quantities on the other side, without destroying the equation. --
To reduce an expression(Alg.), to obtain an equivalent expression of simpler form. --
To reduce a square(Mil.), to reform the line or column from the square. 1913 Webster]
Re*du"cent(r?*d?"sent), a.[L. reducens, p. pr. of reducere.]Tending to reduce. -- n.A reducent agent. 1913 Webster]
Re*du"cer(-s?r), n.1.One who, or that which, reduces. 1913 Webster]
2.(Mach.)(a)A contrivance for reducing the dimensions of one part so as to fit it to another, as a reducing coupling, or a device for holding a drilling a chuck.(b)A reducing motion.(c)A reducing valve.(d)A hydraulic device for reducing pressure and hence increasing movement, used to transmit the load from the hydraulic support of the lower shackle to the lever weighing apparatus in some kinds of heavy testing machines. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
3.(Photog.)A reducing agent, either a developer or an agent for reducing density. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
4.(Chem.)a reducing agent. PJC]
Re*du"ci*ble(-s?*b'll), a.Capable of being reduced. 1913 Webster]
Re*du"ci*ble*ness, n.Quality of being reducible. 1913 Webster]
Re*du"cing(r?*d?"s?ng), a & n. from Reduce. 1913 Webster]
Reducing furnace(Metal.), a furnace for reducing ores. --
Reducing pipe fitting, a pipe fitting, as a coupling, an elbow, a tee, etc., for connecting a large pipe with a smaller one. --
Reducing valve, a device for automatically maintaining a diminished pressure of steam, air, gas, etc., in a pipe, or other receiver, which is fed from a boiler or pipe in which the pressure is higher than is desired in the receiver. 1913 Webster]
Re*du"cing a`gent(?), n.(Chem.)a substance that causes reduction of another substance in a chemical reaction, as by donating electrons or adding hydrogen atoms; as, lithium hydride is a powerful reducing agent. PJC]
Re*duct"(r, v. t.[L. reductus, p. p. of reducere. See Reduce.]To reduce. [Obs.] W. Warde. 1913 Webster]
Re*duc`ti*bil"i*ty(r?*d?k`t?*b?l"?*t?), n.The quality of being reducible; reducibleness. 1913 Webster]
Re*duc"tion(r, n.[F. r\'82duction, L. reductio. See Reduce.]1.The act of reducing, or state of being reduced; conversion to a given state or condition; diminution; conquest; as, the reduction of a body to powder; the reduction of things to order; the reduction of the expenses of government; the reduction of a rebellious province. 1913 Webster]
2.(Arith. & Alg.)The act or process of reducing. See Reduce, v. t., 6. and To reduce an equation, To reduce an expression, under Reduce, v. t. 1913 Webster]
3.(Astron.)(a)The correction of observations for known errors of instruments, etc.(b)The preparation of the facts and measurements of observations in order to deduce a general result. 1913 Webster]
4.The process of making a copy of something, as a figure, design, or draught, on a smaller scale, preserving the proper proportions.Fairholt. 1913 Webster]
5.(Logic)The bringing of a syllogism in one of the so-called imperfect modes into a mode in the first figure. 1913 Webster]
6.(Chem. & Metal.)The act, process, or result of reducing{7}; as, the reduction of iron from its ores; the reduction of an aldehyde into an alcohol. 1913 Webster]
7.(Med.)The operation of restoring a dislocated or fractured part to its former place. 1913 Webster]
Reduction ascending(Arith.), the operation of changing numbers of a lower into others of a higher denomination, as cents to dollars. --
Reduction descending(Arith.), the operation of changing numbers of a higher into others of a lower denomination, as dollars to cents. 1913 Webster]
Re*duc"tive(-t?v), a.[Cf. F. r\'82ductif.]Tending to reduce; having the power or effect of reducing. -- n.A reductive agent.Sir M. Hale. 1913 Webster]
Re*duc"tive*ly, adv.By reduction; by consequence. 1913 Webster]
\'d8R\'82`duit"(r?`dw?"), n.[F. See Redoubt, n. ](Fort.)A central or retired work within any other work. 1913 Webster]
{ Re*dun"dance(r?*d?n"dans), Re*dun"dan*cy(-dan*s?), }n.[L. redundantia: cf. F. redondance.] 1913 Webster]
1.The quality or state of being redundant; superfluity; superabundance; excess. 1913 Webster]
2.That which is redundant or in excess; anything superfluous or superabundant. 1913 Webster]
Labor . . . throws off redundacies.Addison. 1913 Webster]
3.(Law)Surplusage inserted in a pleading which may be rejected by the court without impairing the validity of what remains. 1913 Webster]
Re*dun"dant(-dant), a.[L. redundans, -antis, p. pr. of redundare: cf. F. redondant. See Redound.]1.Exceeding what is natural or necessary; superabundant; exuberant; as, a redundant quantity of bile or food. 1913 Webster]
Notwithstanding the redundant oil in fishes, they do not increase fat so much as flesh.Arbuthnot. 1913 Webster]
2.Using more worrds or images than are necessary or useful; pleonastic. 1913 Webster]
Where an suthor is redundant, mark those paragraphs to be retrenched.I. Watts. 1913 Webster]
2.(Bot.)Valvate with the margins curved outwardly; -- said of the 1913 Webster]
Re*du"pli*cate(-k?t), v. t.[Cf. LL. reduplicare.] 1913 Webster]
1.To redouble; to multiply; to repeat. 1913 Webster]
2.(Gram.)To repeat the first letter or letters of (a word). See Reduplication, 3. 1913 Webster]
Re*du`pli*ca"tion(-k?sh?n), n.[Cf. F. r\'82duplication, L. reduplicatio repetition.]1.The act of doubling, or the state of being doubled. 1913 Webster]
2.(Pros.)A figure in which the first word of a verse is the same as the last word of the preceding verse. 1913 Webster]
3.(Philol.)The doubling of a stem or syllable (more or less modified), with the effect of changing the time expressed, intensifying the meaning, or making the word more imitative; also, the syllable thus added; as, L. tetuli; poposci. 1913 Webster]
Re*du"pli*ca*tive(-k?*t?v), a.[Cf. F. r\'82duplicatif.]Double; formed by reduplication; reduplicate.I. Watts. 1913 Webster]
Red"u*vid(r?d"?*v?d), n.[L. reduvia a hangnail.](Zo\'94l.)Any hemipterous insect of the genus Redivius, or family Reduvid\'91. They live by sucking the blood of other insects, and some species also attack man. 1913 Webster]
Red"weed`(r, n.(Bot.)The red poppy (Papaver Rh\'d2as).Dr. Prior. 1913 Webster]
Red"wing`(-w?ng`), n.(Zo\'94l.)A European thrush (Turdus iliacus). Its under wing coverts are orange red. Called also redwinged thrush. (b) A North American passerine bird (Agelarius ph) of the family Icterid\'91. The male is black, with a conspicuous patch of bright red, bordered with orange, on each wing. Called also redwinged blackbird, red-winged troupial, marsh blackbird, and swamp blackbird. 1913 Webster]
Red"withe`(r?d"w?th`), n.(Bot.)A west Indian climbing shrub (Combretum Jacquini) with slender reddish branchlets. 1913 Webster]
Red"wood`(-w, n.(Bot.)(a)A gigantic coniferous tree (Sequoia sempervirens) of California, and its light and durable reddish timber. See Sequoia.(b)An East Indian dyewood, obtained from Pterocarpus santalinus, C\'91salpinia Sappan, and several other trees. 1913 Webster]
Pterocarpus dalbergioides; that of some parts of tropical America, several species of Erythoxylum; that of Brazil, the species of Humirium. 1913 Webster]
Ree(r, n.[Pg. real, pl. reis. See Real the money.]See Rei. 1913 Webster]
Ree, v. t.[Cf. Prov. G. r, raden, raiten. Cf. Riddle a sieve.]To riddle; to sift; to separate or throw off. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Mortimer. 1913 Webster]
Ree"bok`(r?"b?k`), n.[D., literally, roebuck.](Zo\'94l.)The peele.[Written also rehboc and rheeboc.] 1913 Webster]
Re*\'89ch"o(r, v. t.To echo back; to reverberate again; as, the hills re\'89cho the roar of cannon. 1913 Webster]
Re*\'89ch"o, v. i.To give echoes; to return back, or be reverberated, as an echo; to resound; to be resonant. 1913 Webster]
And a loud groan re\'89choes from the main.Pope. 1913 Webster]
Re*\'89ch"o, n.The echo of an echo; a repeated or second echo. 1913 Webster]
Reed, v. & n.Same as Rede. [Obs.] Chaucer. 1913 Webster]
Reed, n.The fourth stomach of a ruminant; rennet. [Prov. Eng. or Scot.] 1913 Webster]
Reed, n.[AS. hre; akin to D. riet, G. riet, ried, OHG. kriot, riot.]1.(Bot.)A name given to many tall and coarse grasses or grasslike plants, and their slender, often jointed, stems, such as the various kinds of bamboo, and especially the common reed of Europe and North America (Phragmites communis). 1913 Webster]
2.A musical instrument made of the hollow joint of some plant; a rustic or pastoral pipe. 1913 Webster]
Arcadian pipe, the pastoral reed Milton. 1913 Webster]
3.An arrow, as made of a reed.Prior. 1913 Webster]
4.Straw prepared for thatching a roof. [Prov. Eng.] 1913 Webster]
5.(Mus.)(a)A small piece of cane or wood attached to the mouthpiece of certain instruments, and set in vibration by the breath. In the clarinet it is a single fiat reed; in the oboe and bassoon it is double, forming a compressed tube.(b)One of the thin pieces of metal, the vibration of which produce the tones of a melodeon, accordeon, harmonium, or seraphine; also attached to certain sets or registers of pipes in an organ. 1913 Webster]
6.(Weaving)A frame having parallel flat stripe of metal or reed, between which the warp threads pass, set in the swinging lathe or batten of a loom for beating up the weft; a sley. See Batten. 1913 Webster]
7.(Mining)A tube containing the train of powder for igniting the charge in blasting. 1913 Webster]
8.(Arch.)Same as Reeding. 1913 Webster]
Egyptian reed(Bot.), the papyrus. --
Free reed(Mus.), a reed whose edges do not overlap the wind passage, -- used in the harmonium, concertina, etc. It is distinguished from the beating or striking reed of the organ and clarinet. --
Meadow reed grass(Bot.), the Glyceria aquatica, a tall grass found in wet places. --
Reed babbler. See Reedbird. --
Reed bunting(Zo\'94l.)A European sparrow (Emberiza sch) which frequents marshy places; -- called also reed sparrow, ring bunting.(b)Reedling. --
Reed canary grass(Bot.), a tall wild grass (Phalaris arundinacea). --
Reed grass. (Bot.)(a)The common reed. See Reed, 1. (b)A plant of the genus Sparganium; bur reed. See under Bur. --
Reed organ(Mus.), an organ in which the wind acts on a set of free reeds, as the harmonium, melodeon, concertina, etc. --
Reed pipe(Mus.), a pipe of an organ furnished with a reed. --
Reed stop(Mus.), a set of pipes in an organ furnished with reeds. --
Reed warbler. (Zo\'94l.)(a)A small European warbler (Acrocephalus streperus); -- called also reed wren.(b)Any one of several species of Indian and Australian warblers of the genera Acrocephalus, Calamoherpe, and Arundinax. They are excellent singers. --
Sea-sand reed(Bot.), a kind of coarse grass (Ammophila arundinacea). See Beach grass, under Beach. --
Wood reed grass(Bot.), a tall, elegant grass (Cinna arundinacea), common in moist woods. 1913 Webster]
Reed"bird`(r?d"b?rd`), n.(Zo\'94l.)(a)The bobolink.(b)One of several small Asiatic singing birds of the genera Sch and Eurycercus; -- called also reed babbler.Reed"buck"(-b?k`), n.(Zo\'94l.)See Rietboc. 1913 Webster]
Reed"ed, a.1.Civered with reeds; reedy.Tusser. 1913 Webster]
2.Formed with channels and ridges like reeds. 1913 Webster]
Reed"en(r?d"'n), a.Consisting of a reed or reeds. 1913 Webster]
Through reeden pipes convey the golden flood.Dryden. 1913 Webster]
Re*\'89d`i*fi*ca"tion(r?*?d`?*f?*k?"sh?n), n.[Cf. F. r\'82\'82dification. See Re\'89dify.]The act re\'89difying; the state of being re\'89dified. 1913 Webster]
Re*\'89d"i*fy(r?*?d"?*ff?), v. t.[Pref. re- + edify: cf. F. r\'82\'82difier, L. reaedificare.]To edify anew; to build again after destruction. [R.] Milton. 1913 Webster]
Reed"ing(r, n.[From 4th Reed.]1.(Arch.)A small convex molding; a reed (see Illust.(i) of Molding); one of several set close together to decorate a surface; also, decoration by means of reedings; -- the reverse of fluting. 1913 Webster]
reedings are often placed together, parallel to each other, either projecting from, or inserted into, the adjoining surface. The decoration so produced is then called, in general, reeding. 1913 Webster]
2.The nurling on the edge of a coin; -- commonly called milling. 1913 Webster]
Reed"less, a.Destitute of reeds; as, reedless banks. 1913 Webster]
Reed"ling(r, n.(Zo\'94l.)The European bearded titmouse (Panurus biarmicus); -- called also reed bunting, bearded pinnock, and lesser butcher bird. 1913 Webster]
Reed"work`(r, n.(Mus.)A collective name for the reed stops of an organ. 1913 Webster]
Reed"y(r, a.1.Abounding with reeds; covered with reeds. \'bdA reedy pool.\'b8 Thomson . 1913 Webster]
2.Having the quality of a reed in tone, that is, harsh and thin, as some voices. 1913 Webster]
Reef(r, n.[Akin to D. rif, G. riff, Icel. rif, Dan. rev; cf. Icel. rifa rift, rent, fissure, rifa to rive, bear. Cf. Rift, Rive.]1.A chain or range of rocks lying at or near the surface of the water. See Coral reefs, under Coral. 1913 Webster]
2.(Mining.)A large vein of auriferous quartz; -- so called in Australia. Hence, any body of rock yielding valuable ore. 1913 Webster]
Reef builder(Zo\'94l.), any stony coral which contributes material to the formation of coral reefs. --
Reef heron(Zo\'94l.), any heron of the genus Demigretta; as, the blue reef heron (Demigretta jugularis) of Australia. 1913 Webster]
Reef, n.[Akin to D. reef, G. reff, Sw. ref; cf. Icel. rif reef, rifa to basten together. Cf. Reeve, v. t., River.](Naut.)That part of a sail which is taken in or let out by means of the reef points, in order to adapt the size of the sail to the force of the wind. 1913 Webster]
first reef; from this to the next is the second reef; and so on. In fore-and-aft sails, which reef on the foot, the first reef is the lowest part.Totten. 1913 Webster]
Close reef, the last reef that can be put in. --
Reef band. See Reef-band in the Vocabulary. --
Reef knot, the knot which is used in tying reef pointss. See Illust. under Knot. --
Reef line, a small rope formerly used to reef the courses by being passed spirally round the yard and through the holes of the reef.Totten. --
Reef points, pieces of small rope passing through the eyelet holes of a reef-band, and used reefing the sail. --
Reef tackle, a tackle by which the reef cringles, or rings, of a sail are hauled up to the yard for reefing.Totten. --
To take a reef in, to reduce the size of (a sail) by folding or rolling up a reef, and lashing it to the spar. 1913 Webster]
Reef, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Reefed(r\'c7ft); p. pr. & vb. n.Reefing.](Naut.)To reduce the extent of (as a sail) by rolling or folding a certain portion of it and making it fast to the yard or spar.Totten. 1913 Webster]
To reef the paddles, to move the floats of a paddle wheel toward its center so that they will not dip so deeply. 1913 Webster]
<-- p. 1206 -->
Reef"-band`(r, n.(Naut.)A piece of canvas sewed across a sail to strengthen it in the part where the eyelet holes for reefing are made.Totten. 1913 Webster]
Reef"er(-?r), n.1.(Naut.)One who reefs; -- a name often given to midshipmen.Marryat. 1913 Webster]
2.A close-fitting lacket or short coat of thick cloth. 1913 Webster]
<-- 3. A marijuana cigarette [Slang]. --> 1913 Webster]
Reef"ing, n.(Naut.)The process of taking in a reef. 1913 Webster]
Reefing bowsprit, a bowsprit so rigged that it can easily be run in or shortened by sliding inboard, as in cutters. 1913 Webster]
Reef"y(-?), a.Full of reefs or rocks. 1913 Webster]
Reek(r, n.A rick. [Obs.] B. Jonson. 1913 Webster]
Reek, n.[AS. r; akin to OFries. r, LG. & D. rook, G. rauch, OHG. rouh, Dan. r\'94g, Sw. r\'94k, Icel. reykr, and to AS. re to reek, smoke, Icel. rj, G. riechen to smell.]Vapor; steam; smoke; fume. 1913 Webster]
As hateful to me as the reek of a limekiln.Shak. 1913 Webster]
Reek, v. i.[imp. & p. p.Reeked(r; p. pr. & vb. n.Reeking.][As. r. See Reek vapor.]To emit vapor, usually that which is warm and moist; to be full of fumes; to steam; to smoke; to exhale. 1913 Webster]
Few chimneys reeking you shall espy.Spenser. 1913 Webster]
I found me laid reeking moisture fed.Milton. 1913 Webster]
The coffee rooms reeked with tobacco.Macaulay. 1913 Webster]
Reek"y(-?), a.[From 2d Reek; cf. Reechy.]1.Soiled with smoke or steam; smoky; foul.Shak. 1913 Webster]
2.Emitting reek. \'bdReeky fen.\'b8 Sir W. Scott. 1913 Webster]
Reel(r, n.[Gael. righil.]A lively dance of the Highlanders of Scotland; also, the music to the dance; -- often called Scotch reel. 1913 Webster]
Virginia reel, the common name throughout the United States for the old English \'bdcountry dance,\'b8 or contradance (contredanse).Bartlett. 1913 Webster]
Reel(r, n.[AS. hre: cf. Icel. hr a weaver's reed or sley.]1.A frame with radial arms, or a kind of spool, turning on an axis, on which yarn, threads, lines, or the like, are wound; as, a log reel, used by seamen; an angler's reel; a garden reel. 1913 Webster]
2.A machine on which yarn is wound and measured into lays and hanks, -- for cotton or linen it is fifty-four inches in circuit; for worsted, thirty inches.McElrath. 1913 Webster]
3.(Agric.)A device consisting of radial arms with horizontal stats, connected with a harvesting machine, for holding the stalks of grain in position to be cut by the knives. 1913 Webster]
Reel oven, a baker's oven in which bread pans hang suspended from the arms of a kind of reel revolving on a horizontal axis.Knight. 1913 Webster]
Reel(r, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Reeled(r?ld); p. pr. & vb. n.Reeling. ]1.To roll. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
And Sisyphus an huge round stone did reel.Spenser. 1913 Webster]
2.To wind upon a reel, as yarn or thread. 1913 Webster]
Reel(r, v. i.[Cf. Sw. ragla. See 2d Reel.]1.To incline, in walking, from one side to the other; to stagger. 1913 Webster]
They reel to and fro, and stagger like a drunken man.Ps. cvii. 27. 1913 Webster]
He, with heavy fumes oppressed, Reeled from the palace, and retired to rest.Pope. 1913 Webster]
The wagons reeling under the yellow sheaves.Macaulay. 1913 Webster]
2.To have a whirling sensation; to be giddy. 1913 Webster]
In these lengthened vigils his brain often reeled.Hawthorne. 1913 Webster]
Reel(r, n.The act or motion of reeling or staggering; as, a drunken reel.Shak. 1913 Webster]
Re`\'89*lect"(r?`?*l?kt"), v. t.To elect again; as, to re\'89lect the former governor. 1913 Webster]
Re`\'89*lec"tion(-l?k"sh?n), n.Election a second time, or anew; as, the re\'89lection of a former chief. 1913 Webster]
Reel"er(r?l"?r), n.1.One who reels. 1913 Webster]
2.(Zo\'94l.)The grasshopper warbler; -- so called from its note. [Prov. Eng.] 1913 Webster]
Re*\'89l"i*gi*ble(r, a.Eligible again; capable of re\'89lection; as, re\'89ligible to the same office. -- Re*\'89l`i*gi*bil"i*ty(r, n. 1913 Webster]
Reem(r?m), n.[Heb.](Zo\'94l.)The Hebrew name of a horned wild animal, probably the Urus. 1913 Webster]
unicorn; in the Revised Version,wild ox. Job xxxix. 9. 1913 Webster]
Reem, v. t.[Cf. Ream to make a hole in.](Naut.)To open (the seams of a vessel's planking) for the purpose of calking them. 1913 Webster]
Reeming iron(Naut.), an iron chisel for reeming the seams of planks in calking ships. 1913 Webster]
Re`\'89m*bark"(r?`?m*b?rk"), v. t. & i.To put, or go, on board a vessel again; to embark again. 1913 Webster]
Re*\'89m`bar*ka"tion(r?*?m`b?r*k?"sh?n), n.A putting, or going, on board a vessel again. 1913 Webster]
Re`\'89m*bod"y(r?`?m*b?d"?), v. t.To embody again. 1913 Webster]
Re`\'89m*brace"(-br?s"), v. i.To embrace again. 1913 Webster]
Re`\'89*merge"(r?`?*m?rj"), v. i.To emerge again. 1913 Webster]
Re`\'89*mer"gence(-m?r"jens), n.Act of re\'89merging. 1913 Webster]
Re`\'89n*act"(r?`?n*?kt"), v. t.To enact again. 1913 Webster]
Re`\'89n*ac"tion(-?k"sh?n), n.The act of re\'89nacting; the state of being re\'89nacted. 1913 Webster]
Re`\'89n*act"ment(-?kt"ment), n.The enacting or passing of a law a second time; the renewal of a law. 1913 Webster]
Re`\'89n*cour"age(-k?r"?j;), v. t.To encourage again. 1913 Webster]
Re`\'89n*dow"(-dou"), v. t.To endow again. 1913 Webster]
Re`\'89n*force"(-f?rs"), v. t.[Pref. re- + enforce: cf. F. renforcer.]1.To strengthen with new force, assistance, material, or support; as, to re\'89nforce an argument; to re\'89nforce a garment;especially,to strengthen with additional troops, as an army or a fort, or with additional ships, as a fleet.[Written also reinforce.] 1913 Webster]
2.(Psychology)To increase the likelihood that (a specific behavior) will be repeated by giving a reward or punishment to a person or animal; as, to reenforce the students' willingness to study by giving awards for good grades. PJC]
Re`\'89n*force", n.[See Re\'89nforce, v., and cf. Ranforce, Reinforce.]Something which re\'89nforces or strengthens.Specifically:(a)That part of a cannon near the breech which is thicker than the rest of the piece, so as better to resist the force of the exploding powder. See Illust. of Cannon.(b)An additional thickness of canvas, cloth, or the like, around an eyelet, buttonhole, etc.[Written also reinforce.] 1913 Webster]
Re\'89nforced concrete. Concrete having within its mass a system of iron or steel supports, such as bars, rods, or a heavy mesh, to provide increased tensile strength and shear resistance. Same as Ferro-concrete. Syn. -- reinforced concrete.
[Webster 1913 Suppl.+PJC]
Re`\'89n*force"ment(r?`?n*f?rs"ment), n.1.The act of re\'89nforcing, or the state of being re\'89nforced. 1913 Webster]
2.That which re\'89nforces; additional force; especially, additional troops or force to augment the strength of any army, or ships to strengthen a navy or fleet. 1913 Webster]
3.(Psychology)A reward or punishment which is given to a person or animal in order to increase the likelihood that a specific behavior will be repeated. PJC]
Re`\'89n*gage"(-g?j), v. t. & i.To engage a second time or again. 1913 Webster]
Re`\'89n*gage"ment(-ment), n.A renewed or repeated engagement. 1913 Webster]
Re`\'89n*grave"(-gr?v"), v. t.To engrave anew. 1913 Webster]
Re`\'89n*joy"(-joi"), v. i.To enjoy anew.Pope. 1913 Webster]
Re`\'89n*slave"(-sl?v"), v. t.To enslave again. 1913 Webster]
Re*\'89n"ter(r?*?n"t?r), v. t.1.To enter again. 1913 Webster]
2.(Engraving)To cut deeper, as engraved lines on a plate of metal, when the engraving has not been deep enough, or the plate has become worn in printing. 1913 Webster]
Re*\'89n"ter, v. i.To enter anew or again. 1913 Webster]
Re\'89ntering angle, an angle of a polygon pointing inward, as a, in the cut. --
Re\'89ntering polygon, a polygon having one or more re\'89ntering angles. 1913 Webster]
Re*\'89n"ter*ing, n.(Calico Printing.)The process of applying additional colors, by applications of printing blocks, to patterns already partly colored. 1913 Webster]
Re`\'89n*throne"(-thr?n"), v. t.To enthrone again; to replace on a throne. 1913 Webster]
Re`\'89n*throne"ment(-ment), n.A second enthroning. 1913 Webster]
Re*\'89n"trance(r?*?n"trans), n.The act entereing again; re Hooker. 1913 Webster]
Re*\'89n"trant(-trant), a.Re\'89ntering; pointing or directed inwardds; as, a re angle. 1913 Webster]
Re*\'89n"try(-tr?), n.1.A second or new entry; as, a re\'89ntry into public life. 1913 Webster]
2.(Law)A resuming or retaking possession of what one has lately foregone; -- applied especially to land; the entry by a lessor upon the premises leased, on failure of the tenant to pay rent or perform the covenants in the lease.Burrill. 1913 Webster]
Card of re\'89try, (Whist), a card that by winning a trick will bring one the lead at an advanced period of the hand. 1913 Webster]
Re`\'89*rect"(r?`?*r?kt"), v. t.To erect again. 1913 Webster]
Re`\'89s*tab"lish(r?`?s*t?b"l?sh), v. t.To establish anew; to fix or confirm again; to restore; as, to re\'89stablish a covenant; to re\'89stablish health. 1913 Webster]
Re`\'89s*tab"lish*er(-?r), n.One who establishes again. 1913 Webster]
Re`\'89s*tab"lish*ment(-mnt), n.The act re\'89stablishing; the state of being re\'89stablished.Addison. 1913 Webster]
Re`\'89s*tate"(-t?t), v. t.To re\'89stablish. [Obs.] Walis. 1913 Webster]
Reeve(r?v), n.(Zo\'94l.)The female of the ruff. 1913 Webster]
Reeve, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Rove(r?v); p. pr. & vb. n.Reeving.][Cf. D. reven. See Reef, n. & v. t.](Naut.)To pass, as the end of a pope, through any hole in a block, thimble, cleat, ringbolt, cringle, or the like. 1913 Webster]
Reeve, n.[OE. reve, AS. ger. Cf. Sheriff.]an officer, steward, bailiff, or governor; -- used chiefly in compounds; as, shirereeve, now written sheriff; portreeve, etc.Chaucer.Piers Plowman. 1913 Webster]
Re`\'89x*am"i*na*ble(r?`?gz*?m"?*n?*b'l), a.Admitting of being re\'89xamined or reconsidered.Story. 1913 Webster]
Re`\'89x*am`i*na"tion(-?*n?"sh?n), n.A repeated examination. See under Examination. 1913 Webster]
Re`\'89x*am"ine(--?n), v. t.To examine anew.Hooker. 1913 Webster]
Re`\'89x*change"(r?`?ks*ch?nj"), v. t.To exchange anew; to reverse (a previous exchange). 1913 Webster]
Re`\'89x*change"n.1.A renewed exchange; a reversal of an exchange. 1913 Webster]
2.(Com.)The expense chargeable on a bill of exchange or draft which has been dishonored in a foreign country, and returned to the country in which it was made or indorsed, and then taken up.Bouvier. 1913 Webster]
The rate of re\'89xchange is regulated with respect to the drawer, at the course of exchange between the place where the bill of exchange was payable, and the place where it was drawn. Re\'89xchange can not be cumulated.Walsh. 1913 Webster]
Re`\'89x*hib"it(r?`?gz*?b"?t , v. t.To exhibit again. 1913 Webster]
Re`\'89x*pel"(r?`?ks*p?l"), v. t.To expel again. 1913 Webster]
Re`\'89x*pe"ri*ence(-p?`r?-ens), n.A renewed or repeated experience. 1913 Webster]
Re`\'89x*port"(-p?rt"), v. t.To export again, as what has been imported. 1913 Webster]
Re*\'89x"port(r?*?ks"p?rt), n.Any commodity re\'89xported; -- chiefly in the plural. 1913 Webster]
Re*\'89x`por*ta"tion(-p?r*t?"sh?n), n.The act of re\'89xporting, or of exporting an import.A. Smith. 1913 Webster]
Re`\'89x*pul"sion(r?`?ks*p?l"sh?n), n.Renewed or repeated expulsion.Fuller. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Re*fait"(?), n.[F.](Card Playing)A drawn game;specif.(Trente et quarante), A state of the game in which the aggregate pip value of cards dealt to red equals that of those dealt to black. All bets are then off; unless the value is 31, in which case the banker wins half the stakes. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Re*far"(r?*f?r"), v. t.[Cf. F. refaire to do over again.]To go over again; to repeat. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
To him therefore this wonder done refar.Fairfax. 1913 Webster]
Re*fash"ion(r?*f?sh"?n), v. t.To fashion anew; to form or mold into shape a second time.MacKnight. 1913 Webster]
Re*fash"ion*ment(-ment), n.The act of refashioning, or the state of being refashioned. [R.] Leigh Hunt. 1913 Webster]
Re*fas"ten(r?*f?s"'n), v. t.To fasten again. 1913 Webster]
Re*fect"(r?*f?kt), v. t.[L. refectus, p. p. of reficere; pref. re- re- + facere to make.]To restore after hunger or fatigue; to refresh. [Archaic] Sir T. Browne. 1913 Webster]
Re*fec"tion(r?*f?k"sh?n), n.[L. refectio: cf. F. r\'82fection. See Refect, Fact.]Refreshment after hunger or fatigue; a repast; a lunch. 1913 Webster]
Re*fec"tive, n.That which refreshes. 1913 Webster]
Re*fec"to*ry(-, n.; pl.; Refectories(-r.[LL. refectorium: cf. F. r\'82fectoire. See Refection.]A room for refreshment; originally, a dining hall in monasteries or convents. 1913 Webster]
r, especially when signifying the eating room in monasteries. 1913 Webster]
Re*fel"(r?*f?l"), v. t.[L. refellere; pref. re- re- + fallere to deceive.]To refute; to disprove; as, to refel the tricks of a sophister. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
How he refelled me, and how I replied.Shak. 1913 Webster]
Re*fer"(r, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Referred(r; p. pr. & vb. n.Referring.][F. r\'82f\'82rer, L. referre; pref. re- re- + ferre to bear. See Bear to carry.]1.To carry or send back. [Obs.] Chaucer. 1913 Webster]
2.Hence: To send or direct away; to send or direct elsewhere, as for treatment, aid, information, decision, etc.; to make over, or pass over, to another; as, to refer a student to an author; to refer a beggar to an officer; to refer a bill to a committee; a court refers a matter of fact to a commissioner for investigation, or refers a question of law to a superior tribunal. 1913 Webster]
3.To place in or under by a mental or rational process; to assign to, as a class, a cause, source, a motive, reason, or ground of explanation; as, he referred the phenomena to electrical disturbances. 1913 Webster]
To refer one's self, to have recourse; to betake one's self; to make application; to appeal. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
I'll refer me to all things sense.Shak. 1913 Webster]
Re*fer", v. i.1.To have recourse; to apply; to appeal; to betake one's self; as, to refer to a dictionary. 1913 Webster]
In suits . . . it is to refer to some friend of trust.Bacon. 1913 Webster]
2.To have relation or reference; to relate; to point; as, the figure refers to a footnote. 1913 Webster]
Of those places that refer to the shutting and opening the abyss, I take notice of that in Job.Bp. Burnet. 1913 Webster]
3.To carry the mind or thought; to direct attention; as, the preacher referred to the late election. 1913 Webster]
4.To direct inquiry for information or a guarantee of any kind, as in respect to one's integrity, capacity, pecuniary ability, and the like; as, I referred to his employer for the truth of his story. 1913 Webster]
Syn. -- To allude; advert; suggest; appeal.Refer, Allude, Advert. We refer to a thing by specifically and distinctly introducing it into our discourse. We allude to it by introducing it indirectly or indefinitely, as by something collaterally allied to it. We advert to it by turning off somewhat abruptly to consider it more at large. Thus, Macaulay refers to the early condition of England at the opening of his history; he alludes to these statements from time to time; and adverts, in the progress of his work, to various circumstances of peculiar interest, on which for a time he dwells. \'bdBut to do good is . . . that that Solomon chiefly refers to in the text.\'b8 Sharp. \'bdThis, I doubt not, was that artificial structure here alluded to.\'b8 T. Burnet. 1913 Webster]
Now to the universal whole advert: Blackmore. 1913 Webster]
Ref"er*a*ble(r?f"?r*?*b'l), a.Capable of being referred, or considered in relation to something else; assignable; ascribable.[Written also referrible.] 1913 Webster]
It is a question among philosophers, whether all the attractions which obtain between bodies are referable to one general cause.W. Nicholson. 1913 Webster]
Ref`er*ee"(-, n.One to whom a thing is referred; a person to whom a matter in dispute has been referred, in order that he may settle it. 1913 Webster]
Syn. -- Judge; arbitrator; umpire. See Judge. 1913 Webster]
Ref"er*ence(r?f"?r-ens), n.[See Refer.]1.The act of referring, or the state of being referred; as, reference to a chart for guidance. 1913 Webster]
2.That which refers to something; a specific direction of the attention; as, a reference in a text-book. 1913 Webster]
3.Relation; regard; respect. 1913 Webster]
Something that hath a reference to my state.Shak. 1913 Webster]
4.One who, or that which, is referred to.Specifically;(a)One of whom inquires can be made as to the integrity, capacity, and the like, of another.(b)A work, or a passage in a work, to which one is referred. 1913 Webster]
5.(Law)(a)The act of submitting a matter in dispute to the judgment of one or more persons for decision.(b)(Equity)The process of sending any matter, for inquiry in a cause, to a master or other officer, in order that he may ascertain facts and report to the court. 1913 Webster]
6.Appeal. [R.] \'bdMake your full reference.\'b8 Shak. 1913 Webster]
Reference Bible, a Bible in which brief explanations, and references to parallel passages, are printed in the margin of the text. 1913 Webster]
Ref`er*en"da*ry(r?f`?r*?n"d?*r?), n.[LL. referendarius, fr. L. referendus to be referred, gerundive of referre: cf. F. r\'82f\'82rendaire. See Refer.]1.One to whose decision a cause is referred; a referee. [Obs.] Bacon. 1913 Webster]
2.An officer who delivered the royal answer to petitions. \'bdReferendaries, or masters of request.\'b8 Harmar. 1913 Webster]
3.Formerly, an officer of state charged with the duty of procuring and dispatching diplomas and decrees. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Ref`er*en"dum(r?f`?r*?n"d?m), n.; pl. -da(#)[Gerundive fr. L. referre. See Refer.]1.A diplomatic agent's note asking for instructions from his government concerning a particular matter or point. 1913 Webster]
2.The right to approve or reject by popular vote a meassure passed upon by a legislature. 1913 Webster]
3.The principle or practice of referring measures passed upon by the legislative body to the body of voters, or electorate, for approval or rejection, as in the Swiss cantons (except Freiburg) and in various local governments in the United States, and also in the local option laws, etc.; also, the right to so approve or reject laws, or the vote by which this is done. Referendum is distinguished from the mandate, or instruction of representatives by the people, from direct government by the people, in which they initiate and make the laws by direct action without representation, and from a plebiscite, or popular vote taken on any measure proposed by a person or body having the initiative but not constituting a representative or constituent body. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Ref`er*en"tial(-shal), a.Containing a reference; pointing to something out of itself; as, notes for referential use. -- Ref`er*en"tial*ly, adv. 1913 Webster]
Re*fer"ment(r?*f?r"ment), n.The act of referring; reference.Laud. 1913 Webster]
<-- p. 1207 -->
Re`-fer*ment"(r, v. t. & i.To ferment, or cause to ferment, again.Blackmore. 1913 Webster]
Re*fer"rer(r?*f?r"r?r), n.One who refers. 1913 Webster]
Re*fig"ure(r?*f?g"?r), v. t.To figure again.Shak. 1913 Webster]
Re*fill"(r?*f?l"), v. t. & i.To fill, or become full, again. 1913 Webster]
Re*find"(r?*f?nd), v. t.To find again; to get or experience again.Sandys. 1913 Webster]
Re*fine"(r?*f?n"), v. t.[imp. & p. p.Refined(-find"); p. pr. & vb. n.Refining.][Pref. re- + fine to make fine: cf. F. raffiner.]1.To reduce to a fine, unmixed, or pure state; to free from impurities; to free from dross or alloy; to separate from extraneous matter; to purify; to defecate; as, to refine gold or silver; to refine iron; to refine wine or sugar. 1913 Webster]
I will bring the third part through the fire, and will refine them as silver is refined.Zech. xiii. 9. 1913 Webster]
2.To purify from what is gross, coarse, vulgar, inelegant, low, and the like; to make elegant or exellent; to polish; as, to refine the manners, the language, the style, the taste, the intellect, or the moral feelings. 1913 Webster]
Love refines Milton. 1913 Webster]
Syn. -- To purify; clarify; polish; ennoble. 1913 Webster]
Re*fine", v. i.1.To become pure; to be cleared of feculent matter. 1913 Webster]
So the pure, limpid stream, when foul with stains, refines.Addison. 1913 Webster]
2.To improve in accuracy, delicacy, or excellence. 1913 Webster]
Chaucer refined on Boccace, and mended his stories.Dryden. 1913 Webster]
But let a lord once own the happy lines, refines!Pope. 1913 Webster]
3.To affect nicety or subtilty in thought or language. \'bdHe makes another paragraph about our refining in controversy.\'b8 Atterbury. 1913 Webster]
Re*fined"(-f?nd"), a.Freed from impurities or alloy; purifed; polished; cultured; delicate; as; refined gold; refined language; refined sentiments. 1913 Webster]
Refined wits who honored poesy with their pens.Peacham. 1913 Webster]
-- Re*fin"ed*ly(r, adv. -- Re*fin"ed*ness, n. 1913 Webster]
Re*fine"ment(r?*f?n"ment), n.[Cf. F. raffinement.]1.The act of refining, or the state of being refined; as, the refinement or metals; refinement of ideas. 1913 Webster]
The more bodies are of kin to spirit in subtilty and refinement, the more diffusive are they.Norris. 1913 Webster]
From the civil war to this time, I doubt whether the corruptions in our language have not equaled its refinements.Swift. 1913 Webster]
2.That which is refined, elaborated, or polished to excess; an affected subtilty; as, refinements of logic. \'bdThe refinements of irregular cunning.\'b8 Rogers. 1913 Webster]
Re*fin"er(-f?n"?r), n.One who, or that which, refines. 1913 Webster]
Re*fin"er*y(-?), n.; pl.Refineries(-.[Cf. F. raffinerie.]1.The building and apparatus for refining or purifying, esp. metals and sugar. 1913 Webster]
2.A furnace in which cast iron is refined by the action of a blast on the molten metal. 1913 Webster]
Re*fit"(r?*f?t"), v. t.1.To fit or prepare for use again; to repair; to restore after damage or decay; as, to refit a garment; to refit ships of war.Macaulay. 1913 Webster]
2.To fit out or supply a second time. 1913 Webster]
Re*fit", v. i.To obtain repairs or supplies; as, the fleet returned to refit. 1913 Webster]
Re*fit"ment(-ment), n.The act of refitting, or the state of being refitted. 1913 Webster]
Re*fix"(r?*f?ks"), v. t.To fix again or anew; to establish anew.Fuller. 1913 Webster]
Re*flame"(r?*fl?m"), v. i.To kindle again into flame. 1913 Webster]
Re*flect"(r?*fl?kt"), v. t.[imp. & p. p.Reflected; p. pr. & vb. n.Reflecting.][L. reflectere, reflexum; pref. re- re- + flectere to bend or turn. See Flexible, and cf. Reflex, v.]1.To bend back; to give a backwaas, a mirror reflects rays of light; polished metals reflect heat. 1913 Webster]
Let me mind the reader to reflect his eye on our quotations.Fuller. 1913 Webster]
Bodies close together reflect their own color.Dryden. 1913 Webster]
2.To give back an image or likeness of; to mirror. 1913 Webster]
Nature is the glass reflecting God, reflected is the sun.Young. 1913 Webster]
Re*flect"v. i.1.To throw back light, heat, or the like; to return rays or beams. 1913 Webster]
2.To be sent back; to rebound as from a surface; to revert; to return. 1913 Webster]
Whose virtues will, I hope, Reflect on Rome, as Titan's rays on earth.Shak. 1913 Webster]
3.To throw or turn back the thoughts upon anything; to contemplate. Specifically: To attend earnestly to what passes within the mind; to attend to the facts or phenomena of consciousness; to use attention or earnest thought; to meditate; especially, to think in relation to moral truth or rules. 1913 Webster]
We can not be said to reflect upon any external object, except so far as that object has been previously perceived, and its image become part and parcel of our intellectual furniture.Sir W. Hamilton. 1913 Webster]
All men are concious of the operations of their own minds, at all times, while they are awake, but there few who reflect upon them, or make them objects of thought.Reid. 1913 Webster]
As I much reflected, much I mourned.Prior. 1913 Webster]
4.To cast reproach; to cause censure or dishonor. 1913 Webster]
Errors of wives reflect on husbands still.Dryden. 1913 Webster]
Neither do I reflect in the least upon the memory of his late majesty.Swift. 1913 Webster]
Re*flect"ed, a.1.Thrown back after striking a surface; as, reflected light, heat, sound, etc. 1913 Webster]
2.Hence: Not one's own; received from another; as, his glory was reflected glory. 1913 Webster]
3.Bent backward or outward; reflexed. 1913 Webster]
Re*flect"ent(r?*fl?kt"ent), a.[L. reflectens, p. pr. of reflectere. See Reflect.]1.Bending or flying back; reflected. \'bdThe ray descendent, and the ray reflectent flying with so great a speed.\'b8 Sir K. Digby. 1913 Webster]
2.Reflecting; as, a reflectent body.Sir K. Digby. 1913 Webster]
Re*flect"i*ble(-?*b'l), a.Capable of being reflected, or thrown back; reflexible. 1913 Webster]
Re*flect"ing, a.1.Throwing back light, heat, etc., as a mirror or other surface. 1913 Webster]
2.Given to reflection or serious consideration; reflective; contemplative; as, a reflecting mind. 1913 Webster]
Reflecting circle, an astronomical instrument for measuring angless, like the sextant or Hadley's quadrant, by the reflection of light from two plane mirrors which it carries, and differing from the sextant chiefly in having an entire circle. --
Reflecting galvanometer, a galvanometer in which the deflections of the needle are read by means of a mirror attached to it, which reflects a ray of light or the image of a scale; -- called also mirror galvanometer. --
Reflecting goniometer. See under Goniometer. --
Reflecting telescope. See under Telescope. 1913 Webster]
Re*flect"ing*ly, adv.With reflection; also, with censure; reproachfully.Swift. 1913 Webster]
Re*flec"tion(r?*fl?k"sh?n), n.[L. reflexio: cf. F. r\'82flexion. See Riflect.][Written also reflexion.]1.The act of reflecting, or turning or sending back, or the state of being reflected. Specifically: (a)The return of rays, beams, sound, or the like, from a surface. See Angle of reflection, below. 1913 Webster]
The eye sees not itself, reflection, by some other things.Shak. 1913 Webster]
(b)The reverting of the mind to that which has already occupied it; continued consideration; meditation; contemplation; hence, also, that operation or power of the mind by which it is conscious of its own acts or states; the capacity for judging rationally, especially in view of a moral rule or standard. 1913 Webster]
By reflection, . . . I would be understood to mean, that notice which the mind takes of its own operations, and the manner of them, by reason whereof there come to be ideas of these operations in the understanding.Locke. 1913 Webster]
This delight grows and improves under thought and reflection.South. 1913 Webster]
2.Shining; brightness, as of the sun. [Obs.] Shak. 1913 Webster]
3.That which is produced by reflection. Specifically: (a)An image given back from a reflecting surface; a reflected counterpart. 1913 Webster]
As the sun water we can bear, reflection, there.Dryden. 1913 Webster]
(b)A part reflected, or turned back, at an angle; as, the reflection of a membrane.(c)Result of meditation; thought or opinion after attentive consideration or contemplation; especially, thoughts suggested by truth. 1913 Webster]
Job's reflections on his once flourishing estate did at the same time afflict and encourage him.Atterbury. 1913 Webster]
4.Censure; reproach cast. 1913 Webster]
He died; and oh! may no reflection shed Prior. 1913 Webster]
5.(Physiol.)The transference of an excitement from one nerve fiber to another by means of the nerve cells, as in reflex action. See Reflex action, under Reflex. 1913 Webster]
Angle of reflection, the angle which anything, as a ray of light, on leaving a reflecting surface, makes with the perpendicular to the surface. --
Angle of total reflection. (Opt.)Same as Critical angle, under Critical. 1913 Webster]
Re*flect"ive(r?*fl?kt"?v), a.[Cf. F. r\'82flectif. Cf. Reflexive.]1.Throwing back images; as, a reflective mirror. 1913 Webster]
In the reflective stream the sighing bride, viewing her charms.Prior. 1913 Webster]
2.Capable of exercising thought or judgment; as, reflective reason.Prior. 1913 Webster]
His perceptive and reflective faculties . . . thus acquired a precocious and extraordinary development.Motley. 1913 Webster]
3.Addicted to introspective or meditative habits; as, a reflective person. 1913 Webster]
4.(Gram.)Reflexive; reciprocal. 1913 Webster]
-- Re*flect"ive*ly, adv. -- Re*flect"ive*ness, n. \'bdReflectiveness of manner.\'b8 J. C. Shairp. 1913 Webster]
Re*flect"or(-, n.[Cf. F. r\'82flecteur.]1.One who, or that which, reflects.Boyle. 1913 Webster]
2.(Physics)(a)Something having a polished surface for reflecting light or heat, as a mirror, a speculum, etc.(b)A reflecting telescope.(c)A device for reflecting sound. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Re*flet"(r, n.[F., reflection. See Reflect.]Luster; special brilliancy of surface; -- used esp. in ceramics to denote the peculiar metallic brilliancy seen in lustered pottery such as majolica; as, silver reflet; gold reflet. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Re"flex(r?"fl?ks), a.[L. reflexus, p. p. of reflectere: cf. F. r\'82flexe. See Reflect.]1.Directed back; attended by reflection; retroactive; introspective. 1913 Webster]
The reflex act of the soul, or the turning of the intellectual eye inward upon its own actions.Sir M. Hale. 1913 Webster]
2.Produced in reaction, in resistance, or in return. 1913 Webster]
3.(Physiol.)Of, pertaining to, or produced by, stimulus or excitation without the necessary intervention of consciousness. 1913 Webster]
Reflex action(Physiol.), any action performed involuntarily in consequence of an impulse or impression transmitted along afferent nerves to a nerve center, from which it is reflected to an efferent nerve, and so calls into action certain muscles, organs, or cells. --
Reflex nerve(Physiol.), an excito-motory nerve. See Exito-motory. 1913 Webster]
Re"flex(r?"fl?ks; formerly r?*fl?ks"), n.[L. reflexus a bending back. See Reflect.]1.Reflection; the light reflected from an illuminated surface to one in shade. 1913 Webster]
Yon gray is not the morning's eye, reflex of Cynthia's brow.Shak. 1913 Webster]
On the depths of death there swims reflex of a human face.Tennyson. 1913 Webster]
2.(Physiol.)An involuntary movement produced by reflex action. 1913 Webster]
Patellar reflex. See Knee jerk, under Knee. 1913 Webster]
Re*flex"(r?*fl?ks"), v. t.[L. reflexus, p. p. of reflectere. See Reflect.]1.To reflect. [Obs.] Shak. 1913 Webster]
2.To bend back; to turn back.J. Gregory. 1913 Webster]
Re*flexed"(r?*fl?kst"), a.Bent backward or outward. 1913 Webster]
Re*flex`i*bil"i*ty(r?*fl?ks`?*b?l"?*t?), n.[Cf. F. r\'82flexibilit\'82.]The quality or capability of being reflexible; as, the reflexibility of the rays of light.Sir I. Newton. 1913 Webster]
Re*flex"i*ble(r?*fl?ks"?*b'l), a.[CF. F. r\'82flexible.]Capable of being reflected, or thrown back. 1913 Webster]
The light of the sun consists of rays differently refrangible and reflexible.Cheyne. 1913 Webster]
Re*flex"i*ty(r?*fl?ks"?*t?), n.The state or condition of being reflected. [R.] 1913 Webster]
Re*flex"ive(-?v), a.1.[Cf. F. r\'82flexif.]Bending or turned backward; reflective; having respect to something past. 1913 Webster]
Assurance reflexive can not be a divine faith.Hammond. 1913 Webster]
2.Implying censure. [Obs.] \'bdWhat man does not resent an ugly reflexive word?\'b8 South. 1913 Webster]
3.(Gram.)Having for its direct object a pronoun which refers to the agent or subject as its antecedent; -- said of certain verbs; as, the witness perjured himself; I bethought myself. Applied also to pronouns of this class; reciprocal; reflective. 1913 Webster]
-- Re*flex"ive*ly, adv. -- Re*flex"ive*ness, n. 1913 Webster]
Re*flex"ly, adv.In a reflex manner; reflectively. 1913 Webster]
{ Ref"lu*ence(r?f"l?-ens), Ref"lu*en*cy(-en*s?), }n.The quality of being refluent; a flowing back. 1913 Webster]
Ref"lu*ent(-ent), a.[L. refluens, p. pr. of refluere to flow back; pref. re- re- + fluere to flow. See Flurent.]Flowing back; returning; ebbing.Cowper. 1913 Webster]
And refluent through the pass of fear Sir W. Scott. 1913 Webster]
Re"flux`, n.[F. reflux. See Refluent, Flux.]A flowing back, as the return of a fluid; ebb; reaction; as, the flux and reflux of the tides. 1913 Webster]
All from me reflux on me redound.Milton. 1913 Webster]
Re*foc"il*late(r?*f?s"?l*l?t), v. t.[L. refocillatus, p. p. of refocillare; pref. re- re- + focillare to revive by warmth.]To refresh; to revive. [Obs.] Aubrey. 1913 Webster]
Re*foc`il*la"tion(-l?"sh?n), n.Restoration of strength by refreshment. [Obs.] Middleton. 1913 Webster]
Re*fold"(r?*f?ld"), v. t.To fold again. 1913 Webster]
Re`fo*ment"(r?`f?*m?nt"), v. t.To foment anew. 1913 Webster]
Re*for"est(?), v. t.[imp. & p. p.Reforested(?); p. pr. & vb. n.Reforesting.]To replant with trees; to reafforest; to reforestize. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Re`for*est*a"tion(?), nreplanting with trees; reconversion into a forest; the act of reforesting. PJC]
Re*for`est*i*za`tion(r?*f?r`?st*?*z?"sh?n), n.The act or process of reforestizing. 1913 Webster]
Re*for"est*ize(r?*f?r"?st*?z), v. t.To convert again into a forest; to plant again with trees. 1913 Webster]
Re*forge"(r?*f?rj"), v. t.[Pref. re- + forge: cf. F. reforger.]To forge again or anew; hence, to fashion or fabricate anew; to make over.Udall. 1913 Webster]
Re*for"ger(r?*f?r"j?r), n.One who reforges. 1913 Webster]
Re*form"(r?*f?rm"), v. t.[F. r\'82former, L. reformare; pref. re- re- + formare to form, from forma form. See Form.]To put into a new and improved form or condition; to restore to a former good state, or bring from bad to good; to change from worse to better; to amend; to correct; as, to reform a profligate man; to reform corrupt manners or morals. 1913 Webster]
The example alone of a vicious prince will corrupt an age; but that of a good one will not reform it.Swift. 1913 Webster]
Re*form", v. i.To return to a good state; to amend or correct one's own character or habits; as, a man of settled habits of vice will seldom reform. 1913 Webster]
Re*form", n.[F. r\'82forme.]Amendment of what is defective, vicious, corrupt, or depraved; reformation; as, reform of elections; reform of government. 1913 Webster]
Civil service reform. See under Civil. --
Reform acts(Eng. Politics), acts of Parliament passed in 1832, 1867, 1884, 1885, extending and equalizing popular representation in Parliament. --
Reform school, a school established by a state or city government, for the confinement, instruction, and reformation of juvenile offenders, and of young persons of idle, vicious, and vagrant habits. [U. S.] 1913 Webster]
Syn. -- Reformation; amendment; rectification; correction. See Reformation. 1913 Webster]
Re-form"(r?*f?rm"), v. t. & i.[imp. & p. p.Re-formed(-f?rmd"); p. pr. & vb. n.Re-forming.]To give a new form to; to form anew; to take form again, or to take a new form; as, to re-form the line after a charge. 1913 Webster]
Re*form"a*ble(r?*f?rm"?*b'l), a.Capable of being reformed.Foxe. 1913 Webster]
Ref`or*ma"do(-m?"d?), n.[Sp., fr. reformar, L. reformare. SEe Reform, v. t.]1.A monk of a reformed order. [Obs.] Weever. 1913 Webster]
2.An officer who, in disgrace, is deprived of his command, but retains his rank, and sometimes his pay. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
Re*form"al*ize(r?*f?rm"al*?z), v. i.To affect reformation; to pretend to correctness. [R.] 1913 Webster]
Ref`or*ma"tion(r?f`?r*m?"sh?n), n.[F. r\'82formation, L. reformatio.]1.The act of reforming, or the state of being reformed; change from worse to better; correction or amendment of life, manners, or of anything vicious or corrupt; as, the reformation of manners; reformation of the age; reformation of abuses. 1913 Webster]
Satire lashes vice into reformation.Dryden. 1913 Webster]
<-- p. 1208 -->
2.Specifically (Eccl. Hist.), the important religious movement commenced by Luther early in the sixteenth century, which resulted in the formation of the various Protestant churches. 1913 Webster]
Syn. -- Reform; amendment; correction; rectification. -- Reformation, Reform. Reformation is a more thorough and comprehensive change than reform. It is applied to subjects that are more important, and results in changes which are more lasting. A reformation involves, and is followed by, many particular reforms. \'bdThe pagan converts mention this great reformation of those who had been the greatest sinners, with that sudden and surprising change which the Christian religion made in the lives of the most profligate.\'b8 Addison. \'bdA variety of schemes, founded in visionary and impracticable ideas of reform, were suddenly produced.\'b8 Pitt. 1913 Webster]
Re`-for*ma"tion(r?`f?r*m?"sh?n), n.The act of forming anew; a second forming in order; as, the reformation of a column of troops into a hollow square. 1913 Webster]
Re*form"a*tive(r?*f?rm"?*t?v), a.Forming again; having the quality of renewing form; reformatory.Good. 1913 Webster]
Re*form"a*to*ry(-t?*r?), a.Tending to produce reformation; reformative. 1913 Webster]
Re*form"a*to*ry, n.; pl.-ries(-r.An institution for promoting the reformation of offenders. 1913 Webster]
Magistrates may send juvenile offenders to reformatories instead of to prisons.Eng. Cyc. 1913 Webster]
Re*formed"(r?*f?rmd"), a.1.Corrected; amended; restored to purity or excellence; said, specifically, of the whole body of Protestant churches originating in the Reformation. Also, in a more restricted sense, of those who separated from Luther on the doctrine of consubstantiation, etc., and carried the Reformation, as they claimed, to a higher point. The Protestant churches founded by them in Switzerland, France, Holland, and part of Germany, were called the Reformed churches. 1913 Webster]
The town was one of the strongholds of the Reformed faith.Macaulay. 1913 Webster]
2.Amended in character and life; as, a reformed gambler or drunkard. 1913 Webster]
3.(Mil.)Retained in service on half or full pay after the disbandment of the company or troop; -- said of an officer. [Eng.] 1913 Webster]
Re*form"er(r?*f?rm"?r), n.1.One who effects a reformation or amendment; one who labors for, or urges, reform; as, a reformer of manners, or of abuses. 1913 Webster]
2.(Eccl.Hist.)One of those who commenced the reformation of religion in the sixteenth century, as Luther, Melanchthon, Zwingli, and Calvin. 1913 Webster]
Re*form"ist, n.[Cf. F. r\'82formiste.]A reformer. 1913 Webster]
Re*form"ly, adv.In the manner of a reform; for the purpose of reform. [Obs.] Milton. 1913 Webster]
Re*for`ti*fi*ca"tion(r?*f?r`t?*f?*k?"sh?n), n.A fortifying anew, or a second time.Mitford. 1913 Webster]
Re*for"ti*fy(r?*f?r"t?*f?), v. t.To fortify anew. 1913 Webster]
Re*fos"sion(r?*f?sh"?n), n.[L. refodere, refossum, to dig up again. See Fosse.]The act of digging up again. [Obs.] Bp. Hall. 1913 Webster]
Re*found"(r?*found"), v. t.[Pref. re- + found to cast; cf. F. refondare. Cf. Refund.]1.To found or cast anew. \'bdAncient bells refounded.\'b8 T. Warton. 1913 Webster]
2.To found or establish again; to re 1913 Webster]
Re*found", imp. & p. p. of Refind, v. t. 1913 Webster]
Re*found"er(-?r), n.One who refounds. 1913 Webster]
Re*fract"(r?*fr$kt"), v. t.[imp. & p. p.Refracted; p. pr. & vb. n.Refracting.][L. refractus, p. p. of refringere; pref. re- re- + frangere to break: cf. F. r\'82fracter. SEe FRacture, and cf. Refrain, n.]1.To bend sharply and abruptly back; to break off. 1913 Webster]
2.To break the natural course of, as rays of light orr heat, when passing from one transparent medium to another of different density; to cause to deviate from a direct course by an action distinct from reflection; as, a dense medium refrcts the rays of light as they pass into it from a rare medium. 1913 Webster]
Re*fract"a*ble(-?*b'l), a.Capable of being refracted. 1913 Webster]
Re*fract"ed, a.1.(Bot. & Zo\'94l.)Bent backward angularly, as if half-broken; as, a refracted stem or leaf. 1913 Webster]
2.Turned from a direct course by refraction; as, refracted rays of light. 1913 Webster]
Re*fract"ing, a.Serving or tending to refract; as, a refracting medium. 1913 Webster]
Refracting angle of a prism(Opt.), the angle of a triangular prism included between the two sides through which the refracted beam passes in the decomposition of light. --
Refracting telescope. (Opt.)See under Telescope. 1913 Webster]
Re*frac"tion(r?*fr?k"sh?n), n.[F. r\'82fraction.]1.The act of refracting, or the state of being refracted. 1913 Webster]
2.The change in the direction of ray of light, heat, or the like, when it enters obliquely a medium of a different density from that through which it has previously moved. 1913 Webster]
Refraction out of the rarer medium into the denser, is made towards the perpendicular.Sir I. Newton. 1913 Webster]
3.(Astron.)(a)The change in the direction of a ray of light, and, consequently, in the apparent position of a heavenly body from which it emanates, arising from its passage through the earth's atmosphere; -- hence distinguished as atmospheric refraction, or astronomical refraction.(b)The correction which is to be deducted from the apparent altitude of a heavenly body on account of atmospheric refraction, in order to obtain the true altitude. 1913 Webster]
Angle of refraction(Opt.), the angle which a refracted ray makes with the perpendicular to the surface separating the two media traversed by the ray. --
Conical refraction(Opt.), the refraction of a ray of light into an infinite number of rays, forming a hollow cone. This occurs when a ray of light is passed through crystals of some substances, under certain circumstances. Conical refraction is of two kinds; external conical refraction, in which the ray issues from the crystal in the form of a cone, the vertex of which is at the point of emergence; and internal conical refraction, in which the ray is changed into the form of a cone on entering the crystal, from which it issues in the form of a hollow cylinder. This singular phenomenon was first discovered by Sir W. R. Hamilton by mathematical reasoning alone, unaided by experiment. --
Differential refraction(Astron.), the change of the apparent place of one object relative to a second object near it, due to refraction; also, the correction required to be made to the observed relative places of the two bodies. --
Double refraction(Opt.), the refraction of light in two directions, which produces two distinct images. The power of double refraction is possessed by all crystals except those of the isometric system. A uniaxial crystal is said to be optically positive (like quartz), or optically negative (like calcite), or to have positive, or negative, double refraction, according as the optic axis is the axis of least or greatest elasticity for light; a biaxial crystal is similarly designated when the same relation holds for the acute bisectrix. --
Index of refraction. See under Index. --
Refraction circle(Opt.), an instrument provided with a graduated circle for the measurement of refraction. --
Refraction of latitude,
longitude,
declination,
right ascension, etc., the change in the apparent latitude, longitude, etc., of a heavenly body, due to the effect of atmospheric refraction. --
Terrestrial refraction, the change in the apparent altitude of a distant point on or near the earth's surface, as the top of a mountain, arising from the passage of light from it to the eye through atmospheric strata of varying density. 1913 Webster]
Re*fract"ive(r?*fr?kt"?v), a.[Cf. F. r\'82fractif. See Refract.]Serving or having power to refract, or turn from a direct course; pertaining to refraction; as, refractive surfaces; refractive powers. 1913 Webster]
Refractive index. (Opt.)See Index of refraction, under Index. --
Absolute refractive index(Opt.), the index of refraction of a substances when the ray passes into it from a vacuum. --
Relative refractive index (of two media) (Opt.), the ratio of the sine of the angle of incidence to the sine of the angle of refraction for a ray passing out of one of the media into the other. 1913 Webster]
Re*fract"ive*ness, n.The quality or condition of being refractive. 1913 Webster]
Re`frac*tom"e*ter(r?`fr?k*t?m"?*t?r), n.[Refraction + -meter.](Opt.)A contrivance for exhibiting and measuring the refraction of light. 1913 Webster]
Re*fract"or(r, n.Anything that refracts; specifically: (Opt.)A refracting telescope, in which the image to be viewed is formed by the refraction of light in passing through a convex lens. 1913 Webster]
Re*frac"to*ri*ly(r?*fr?k"t?*r?*l?), adv.In a refractory manner; perversely; obstinately. 1913 Webster]
Re*frac"to*ri*ness, n.The quality or condition of being refractory. 1913 Webster]
Re*frac"to*ry(-r?), a.[L. refractorius, fr. refringere: cf. F. refractaire. See Refract.]1.Obstinate in disobedience; contumacious; stubborn; unmanageable; as, a refractory child; a refractory beast. 1913 Webster]
Raging appetites that are refractory.Shak. 1913 Webster]
2.Resisting ordinary treatment; difficult of fusion, reduction, or the like; -- said especially of metals and the like, which do not readily yield to heat, or to the hammer; as, a refractory ore. 1913 Webster]
3.OPottery) A piece of ware covered with a vaporable flux and placed in a kiln, to communicate a glaze to the other articles.Knight. 1913 Webster]
Re*frac"ture(r?*fr?k"t?r;135), n.(Surg.)A second breaking (as of a badly set bone) by the surgeon. 1913 Webster]
Re*frac"ture, v. t.(Surg.)To break again, as a bone. 1913 Webster]
Ref"ra*ga*ble(r?f"r?*g?*b'l), a.[LL. refragabilis, fr. L. refragari to oppose.]Capable of being refuted; refutable. [R.] -- Ref"ra*ga*ble*ness, n. [R.] -- Ref`ra*ga*bil"i*ty(-b, n. [R.] 1913 Webster]
Ref"ra*gate(-g?t), v. i.[L. refragatus, p. p. of refragor.]To oppose. [R.] Glanvill. 1913 Webster]
Re*frain"(r, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Refrained(-fr; p. pr. & vb. n.Refraining.][OE. refreinen, OF. refrener, F. refr, fr. L. refrenare; influenced by OF. refraindre to restrain, moderate, fr. LL. refrangere, for L. refringere to break up, break (see Refract). L. refrenare is fr. pref. re- back + frenum bridle; cf. Skr. dh to hold.]1.To hold back; to restrain; to keep within prescribed bounds; to curb; to govern. 1913 Webster]
His reason refraineth not his foul delight or talent.Chaucer. 1913 Webster]
Refrain thy foot from their path.Prov. i. 15. 1913 Webster]
2.To abstain from. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
Who, requiring a remedy for his gout, received no other counsel than to refrain cold drink.Sir T. Browne. 1913 Webster]
Re*frain", v. i.To keep one's self from action or interference; to hold aloof; to forbear; to abstain. 1913 Webster]
Refrain from these men, and let them alone.Acts v. 38. 1913 Webster]
They refrained therefrom [eating flesh] some time after.Sir T. Browne. 1913 Webster]
Syn. -- To hold back; forbear; abstain; withhold. 1913 Webster]
Re*frain", n.[F. refrain, fr. OF. refraindre; cf. Pr. refranhs a refrain, refranher to repeat. See Refract,Refrain, v.]The burden of a song; a phrase or verse which recurs at the end of each of the separate stanzas or divisions of a poetic composition. 1913 Webster]
We hear the wild refrain.Whittier. 1913 Webster]
Re*frain"er(r, n.One who refrains. 1913 Webster]
Re*frain"ment(-ment), n.Act of refraining. [R.] 1913 Webster]
Re*frame"(r, v. t.To frame again or anew. 1913 Webster]
Re*fran`gi*bil"i*ty(r?*fr?n`j?*b?l"?*t?), n.[Cf. F. r\'82frangibilit\'82.]The quality of being refrangible. 1913 Webster]
Re*fran"gi*ble(-fr?n"j?*b'l), a.[Cf. F. r\'82frangible. See Refract.]Capable of being refracted, or turned out of a direct course, in passing from one medium to another, as rays of light. -- Re*fran"gi*ble*ness, n. 1913 Webster]
Ref`re*na"tion(r?f`r?*n?"sh?n), n.[L. refrenatio. See Refrain, v. t.]The act of refraining. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
Re*fresh"(r?*fr?sh"), v. t.[imp. & p. p.Refreshed(-fr?sht"); p. pr. & vb. n.Refreshing.][OE. refreshen, refreschen, OF. refreschir (cf. OF. rafraischir, rafreschir, F. rafra); pref. re- re- + fres fresh. F. frais. See Fresh, a.]1.To make fresh again; to restore strength, spirit, animation, or the like, to; to relieve from fatigue or depression; to reinvigorate; to enliven anew; to reanimate; as, sleep refreshes the body and the mind.Chaucer. 1913 Webster]
Foer they have refreshed my spirit and yours.1 Cor. xvi. 18. 1913 Webster]
And labor shall refresh itself with hope.Shak. 1913 Webster]
2.To make as if new; to repair; to restore. 1913 Webster]
The rest refresh the scaly snakes that fol Dryden. 1913 Webster]
To refresh the memory, to quicken or strengthen it, as by a reference, review, memorandum, or suggestion. 1913 Webster]
Re*fresh"ment(-ment), n.[CF. OF. refreschissement, F. rafra.]1.The act of refreshing, or the state of being refreshed; restoration of strength, spirit, vigor, or liveliness; relief after suffering; new life or animation after depression. 1913 Webster]
2.That which refreshes; means of restoration or reanimation; especially, an article of food or drink. 1913 Webster]
Re*fret"(r?*fr?t"), n.[OF. refret, L. refractus, p. p. See Refrain, n., Refract.]Refrain. [Obs.] Bailey. 1913 Webster]
Re*freyd"(r?*fr?d"), v. t.[OF. refreidier.]To chill; to cool. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
Refreyded by sickness . . . or by cold drinks.Chaucer. 1913 Webster]
Ref`ri*ca"tion(r?f`r?*k?"sh?n), n.[L. refricare to rub again.]A rubbing up afresh; a brightening. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
A continual refrication of the memory.Bp. Hall. 1913 Webster]
Re*frig"er*ant(r?*fr?j"?r-ant), a.[L. refrigerans, p. pr. of refrigerare: cf. F. r\'82frig\'82rant. See Refrigerate.]Cooling; allaying heat or fever.Bacon. 1913 Webster]
Re*frig"er*ant, n.That which makes to be cool or cold; specifically, a medicine or an application for allaying fever, or the symptoms of fever; -- used also figuratively.Holland. \'bdA refrigerant to passion.\'b8 Blair. 1913 Webster]
Re*frig"er*ate(-, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Refrigerated(-; p. pr. & vb. n.Refrigerating.][L. refrigeratus, p. p. of refrigerare; pref. re- re- + frigerare to make cool, fr. frigus, frigoris, coolness. See Frigid.]To cause to become cool; to make or keep cold or cool. 1913 Webster]
Re*frig`er*a"tion(-?"sh?n), n.[Cf. F. r\'82frig\'82ration, L. refrigeratio.]The act or process of refrigerating or cooling, or the state of being cooled. 1913 Webster]
Crazed brains should come under a refrigerative treatment.I. Taylor. 1913 Webster]
Re*frig"er*a`tor(-?`t?r), n.That which refrigerates or makes cold; that which keeps cool. Specifically: (a)A box or room for keeping food or other articles cool, usually by means of ice.<-- now by a mechanical cooling mechanism. --> (b)An apparatus for rapidly cooling heated liquids or vapors, connected with a still, etc. 1913 Webster]
Refrigerator car(Railroad), a freight car constructed as a refrigerator, for the transportation of fresh meats, fish, etc., in a temperature kept cool by ice.<-- or by mechanical refrigeration --> 1913 Webster]
Re*frig"er*a*to*ry, n.; pl.-ries(-fr.[CF. F. r\'82frig\'82ratoire.]That which refrigerates or cools. Specifically: (a)In distillation, a vessel filled with cold water, surrounding the worm, the vapor in which is thereby condensed.(b)The chamber, or tank, in which ice is formed, in an ice machine. 1913 Webster]
Re*frin"gen*cy(r?*fr?n"jen*s?), n.The power possessed by a substance to refract a ray; as, different substances have different refringencies.Nichol. 1913 Webster]
Re*frin"gent(-jent), a.[L. refringens, p. pr. of refringere. See Refract.]Pertaining to, or possessing, refringency; refractive; refracting; as, a refringent prism of spar.Nichol. 1913 Webster]
Reft(r?ft), imp. & p. p.of Reave. Bereft. 1913 Webster]
Reft of thy sons, amid thy foes forlorn.Heber. 1913 Webster]
Reft, n.A chink; a rift. See Rift.Rom. of R. 1913 Webster]
Ref"uge(r?f"?j), n.[F. r\'82fuge, L. refugium, fr. refugere to flee back; pref. re- + figere. SEe Fugitive.] 1913 Webster]
1.Shelter or protection from danger or distress. 1913 Webster]
Rocks, dens, and caves! But I in none of these refuge.Milton. 1913 Webster]
We might have a strong consolation, who have fled for refuge to lay hold upon the hope set before us.Heb. vi. 18. 1913 Webster]
2.That which shelters or protects from danger, or from distress or calamity; a stronghold which protects by its strength, or a sanctuary which secures safety by its sacredness; a place inaccessible to an enemy. 1913 Webster]
The high hills are a refuger the wild goats.Ps. civ. 18. 1913 Webster]
The Lord also will be a refuge for the oppressed.Ps. ix. 9. 1913 Webster]
<-- p. 1209 -->
3.An expedient to secure protection or defense; a device or contrivance. 1913 Webster]
Their latest refuge Shak. 1913 Webster]
Light must be supplied, among gracefulrefuges, by terracing Sir H. Wotton. 1913 Webster]
Cities of refuge(Jewish Antiq.), certain cities appointed as places of safe refuge for persons who had committed homicide without design. Of these there were three on each side of Jordan.Josh. xx. --
House of refuge, a charitable institution for giving shelter and protection to the homeless, destitute, or tempted. 1913 Webster]
Ref"uge(r?f"?j), v. t.To shelter; to protect. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
Ref`u*gee"(r?f`?*j?"), n.[F. r\'82fugi\'82, fr. se r\'82fugier to take refuge. See Refuge, n.]1.One who flees to a shelter, or place of safety. 1913 Webster]
2.Especially, one who, in times of persecution or political commotion, flees to a foreign power or country for safety; as, the French refugees who left France after the revocation of the edict of Nantes. 1913 Webster]
{ Re*ful"gence(r?*f?l"jens), Re*ful"gen*cy(-jen*s?), }n.[L. refulgentia. See Refulgent.]The quality of being refulgent; brilliancy; splender; radiance. 1913 Webster]
Re*ful"gent(r?*f?l"j, a.[L. refulgens, p. pr. of refulgere to flash back, to shine bright; pref. re- re- + fulgere to shine. See Fulgent.]Casting a bright light; radiant; brilliant; resplendent; shining; splendid; as, refulgent beams. -- Re*ful"gent*ly, adv. 1913 Webster]
So conspicuous and refulgent a truth.Boyle. 1913 Webster]
Re*fund"(r?*f?nd"), v. t.[Pref. re- + fund.]To fund again or anew; to replace (a fund or loan) by a new fund; as, to refund a railroad loan. 1913 Webster]
Re*fund"(r?*f?nd"), v. t.[L. refundere; pref. re- re- + fundere to pour: cf. F. refondre, refonder. See Fuse to melt, and cf. Refound to cast again, 1st Refuse.]1.To pour back. [R. & Obs.] 1913 Webster]
Were the humors of the eye tinctured with any color, they would refund that color upon the object.Ray. 1913 Webster]
2.To give back; to repay; to restore. 1913 Webster]
A governor, that had pillaged the people, was . . . sentenced to refund what he had wrongfully taken.L'Estrange. 1913 Webster]
3.To supply again with funds; to reimburse. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
Re*fund"er(-?r), n.One who refunds. 1913 Webster]
Re*fund"ment(-ment), n.The act of refunding; also, that which is refunded. [R.] Lamb. 1913 Webster]
Re*fur"bish(r?*f?r"b?sh), v. t.To furbish anew. 1913 Webster]
Re*fur"nish(-n?sh), v. t.To furnish again. 1913 Webster]
Re*fur"nish*ment(-ment), n.The act of refurnishing, or state of being refurnished. 1913 Webster]
The refurnishment was in a style richer than before.L. Wallace. 1913 Webster]
Re*fus"a*ble(r?*f?z"?*b'l), a.[Cf. F. refusable. See Refuse.]Capable of being refused; admitting of refusal. 1913 Webster]
Re*fus"al(-al), n.1.The act of refusing; denial of anything demanded, solicited, or offered for acceptance. 1913 Webster]
Do they not seek occasion of new quarrels, refusal, to distress me more?Milton. 1913 Webster]
2.The right of taking in preference to others; the choice of taking or refusing; option; as, to give one the refusal of a farm; to have the refusal of an employment. 1913 Webster]
Re*fuse"(r?*f?z"), v. t.[imp. & p. p.Refused(-f?zd"); p. pr. & vb. n.Refusing.][F. refuser, either from (assumed) LL. refusare to refuse, v. freq. of L. refundere to pour back, give back, restore (see Refund to repay), or. fr. L. recusare to decline, refuse cf. Accuse, Ruse), influenced by L. refutare to drive back, repel, refute. Cf. Refute.]1.To deny, as a request, demand, invitation, or command; to decline to do or grant. 1913 Webster]
That never yet refused your hest.Chaucer. 1913 Webster]
2.(Mil.)To throw back, or cause to keep back (as the center, a wing, or a flank), out of the regular aligment when troops aras, to refuse the right wing while the left wing attacks. 1913 Webster]
3.To decline to accept; to reject; to deny the request or petition of; as, to refuse a suitor. 1913 Webster]
The cunning workman never doth refuse Herbert. 1913 Webster]
Ref`use(r?f"?s;277), n.[F. refus refusal, also, that which is refused. See Refuse to deny.]That which is refused or rejected as useless; waste or worthless matter. 1913 Webster]
Re*fut`a*bil"i*ty(r?*f?t`?*b?l"?*t?), n.The quality of being refutable. 1913 Webster]
Re*fut"a*ble(r?*f?t"?*b'l;277), a.[Cf. F. r\'82futable.]Admitting of being refuted or disproved; capable of being proved false or erroneous. 1913 Webster]
Re*fut"al(r?*f?t"al), n.Act of refuting; refutation. 1913 Webster]
Ref`u*ta"tion(r?f`?*t?"sh?n), n.[L. refutatio: cf. F. r\'82futation.]The act or process of refuting or disproving, or the state of being refuted; proof of falsehood or error; the overthrowing of an argument, opinion, testimony, doctrine, or theory, by argument or countervailing proof. 1913 Webster]
Same of his blunders seem rather to deserve a flogging than a refutation.Macaulay. 1913 Webster]
Re*fut"a*to*ry(r?*f?t"?*t?*r?), a.[L. refutatorius: cf. F. r\'82futatoire.]Tending tu refute; refuting. 1913 Webster]
Re*fute"(r?*F3t"), v. t.[imp. & p. p.Refuted; p. pr. & vb. n.Refuting.][F. r\'82futer, L. refuteare to repel, refute. Cf. Confute, Refuse to deny.]To disprove and overthrow by argument, evidence, or countervailing proof; to prove to be false or erroneous; to confute; as, to refute arguments; to refute testimony; to refute opinions or theories; to refute a disputant. 1913 Webster]
There were so many witnesses in these two miracles that it is impossible to refute such multitudes.Addison. 1913 Webster]
Syn. -- To confute; disprove. See Confute. 1913 Webster]
Re*fut"er(-f?t"?r), n.One who, or that which, refutes. 1913 Webster]
Re*gain"(r?*g?n"), v. t.[Pref. re- + gain: cf. F. regagner.]To gain anew; to get again; to recover, as what has escaped or been lost; to reach again. 1913 Webster]
Syn. -- To recover; reobtain; repossess; retrieve. 1913 Webster]
Re"gal(r?"gal), a.[L. regalis, fr. rex, regis, a king. See Royal, and cf. Rajah, Realm, Regalia.]Of or pertaining to a king; kingly; royal; as, regal authority, pomp, or sway. \'bdThe regal title.\'b8 Shak. 1913 Webster]
He made a scorn of his regal oath.Milton. 1913 Webster]
Syn. -- Kingly; royal. See Kingly. 1913 Webster]
Re"gal, n.[F. r\'82gale, It. regale. CF. Rigoll.](Mus.)A small portable organ, played with one hand, the bellows being worked with the other, -- used in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Re*ga"le(r?*g?"l?), n.[LL. regale, pl. regalia, fr. L. regalis: cf. F. r\'82gale. See Regal.]A prerogative of royalty. [R.] Johnson. 1913 Webster]
Re*gale"(r?*g?l), v. t.[imp. & p. p.Regaled(-g?ld"); p. pr. & vb. n.Regaling.][F. r\'82galer, Sp. regalar to regale, to caress, to melt, perhaps fr. L. regalare to thaw (cff. Gelatin), or cf. Sp. gala graceful, pleasing address, choicest part of a thing (cf. Gala), or most likely from OF. galer to rejoice, gale pleasure.]To enertaas, to regale the taste, the eye, or the ear. 1913 Webster]
Re*gale", v. i.To feast; t 1913 Webster]
Re*gale", n.[F. r\'82gal. See Regale, v. t.]A sumptuous repast; a banquet.Johnson. Cowper. 1913 Webster]
Two baked custards were produced as additions to the regale.E. E. Hale. 1913 Webster]
Re*gale"ment(-ment), n.The act of regaling; anything which regales; refreshment; entertainment. 1913 Webster]
Re*gal"er(-g?l"?r), n.One who regales. 1913 Webster]
Re*ga"li*a(r?*g?"l?*?), n. pl.[LL., from L. regalisregal. See Regal.]1.That which belongs to royalty. Specifically: (a) The rights and prerogatives of a king. (b) Royal estates and revenues. (c) Ensings, symbols, or paraphernalia of royalty. 1913 Webster]
2.Hence, decorations or insignia of an office or order, as of Freemasons, Odd Fellows,etc. 1913 Webster]
Regalia of a church, the privileges granted to it by kings; sometimes, its patrimony.Brande & C. 1913 Webster]
Re*ga"li*a, n.A kind of cigar of large size and superior quality; also, the size in which such cigars are classed. 1913 Webster]
Re*ga"li*an(-an), a.Pertaining to regalia; pertaining to the royal insignia or prerogatives.Hallam. 1913 Webster]
Re"gal*ism(r?"gal*?z'm), n.The doctrine of royal prerogative or supremacy. [R.] Cardinal Manning. 1913 Webster]
Re*gal"i*ty(r?*g?l"?*t?), n.[LL. regalitas, from L. regalis regal, royal. See Regal, and cf. Royality.] 1913 Webster]
1.Royalty; sovereignty; sovereign jurisdiction. 1913 Webster]
[Passion] robs reason of her due regalitie.Spenser. 1913 Webster]
He came partly in by the sword, and had high courage in all points of regality.Bacon. 1913 Webster]
2.An ensign or badge of royalty. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
Re"gal*ly(r?"gal*l?), adv.In a regal or royal manner. 1913 Webster]
Re*gard"(r?*g?rd"), v. t.[imp. & p. p.Regarded; p. pr. & vb. n.Regarding.][F. regarder; pref. re- re + garder to guard, heed, keep. See Guard, and cf. Reward.]1.To keep in view; to behold; to look at; to view; to gaze upon. 1913 Webster]
Your niece regards me with an eye of favor.Shak. 1913 Webster]
2.Hence, to look or front toward; to face. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
It is peninsula which regardeth the mainland.Sandys. 1913 Webster]
That exceedingly beatiful seat, on the assregarding the river.Evelyn. 1913 Webster]
3.To look closely at; to observe attentively; to pay attention to; to notice or remark particularly. 1913 Webster]
If much you note him, regard him not.Shak. 1913 Webster]
4.To look upon, as in a certain relation; to hold as an popinion; to consider; as, to regard abstinence from wine as a duty; to regard another as a friend or enemy. 1913 Webster]
5.To consider and treat; to have a certain feeling toward; as, to regard one with favor or dislike. 1913 Webster]
His associates seem to have regarded him with kindness.Macaulay. 1913 Webster]
6.To pay respect to; to treat as something of peculiar value, sanctity, or the like; to care for; to esteem. 1913 Webster]
He that regardeth thae day, regardeth it into the LOrd.Rom. xiv. 6. 1913 Webster]
Here's Beaufort, that regards nor God nor king.Shak. 1913 Webster]
7.To take into consideration; to take account of, as a fact or condition. \'bdNether regarding that she is my child, nor fearing me as if II were her father.\'b8 Shak. 1913 Webster]
8.To have relation to, as bearing upon; to respect; to relate to; to touch; as, an argument does not regard the question; -- often used impersonally; as, I agree with you as regards this or that. 1913 Webster]
Syn. -- To consider; observe; remark; heed; mind; respect; esteem; estimate; value. See Attend. 1913 Webster]
Re*gard"(r?*g?rd"), v. i.To look attentively; to consider; to notice. [Obs.] Shak. 1913 Webster]
Re*gard", n.[F. regard See Regard, v. t.]1.A look; aspect directed to another; view; gaze. 1913 Webster]
But her, with stern regard, he thus repelled.Milton. 1913 Webster]
2.Attention of the mind with a feeling of interest; observation; heed; notice. 1913 Webster]
Full many a lady regard.Shak. 1913 Webster]
3.That view of the mind which springs from perception of value, estimable qualities, or anything that excites admiration; respect; esteem; reverence; affection; as, to have a high regard for a person; -- often in the plural. 1913 Webster]
He has rendered himself worthy of their most favorable regards.A. Smith. 1913 Webster]
Save the long-sought regards of woman, nothing is sweeter than those marks of childish preference.Hawthorne. 1913 Webster]
4.State of being regarded, whether favorably or otherwise; estimation; repute; note; account. 1913 Webster]
A man of meanest regard amongst them, neither having wealth or power.Spenser. 1913 Webster]
Sad pause and deep regard become the sage.Shak. 1913 Webster]
6.Matter for consideration; account; condition. [Obs.] \'bdReason full of good regard.\'b8 Shak. 1913 Webster]
7.Respect; relation; reference. 1913 Webster]
Persuade them to pursue and persevere in virtue, with regard to themselves; in justice and goodness with regard to their neighbors; and piefy toward God.I. Watts. 1913 Webster]
in regard of was formerly used as equivalent in meaning to on account of, but in modern usage is often improperly substituted for in respect to, or in regard to.G. P. Marsh. 1913 Webster]
Change was thought necessary in regard of the injury the church did receive by a number of things then in use.Hooker. 1913 Webster]
In regard of its security, it had a great advantage over the bandboxes.Dickens. 1913 Webster]
8.Object of sight; scene; view; aspect. [R.] 1913 Webster]
Throw out our eyes for brave Othello, regard.Shak. 1913 Webster]
At regard of, in consideration of; in comparison with. [Obs.] \'bdBodily penance is but short and little at regard of the pains of hell.\'b8 Chaucer. --
Court of regard, a forest court formerly held in England every third year for the lawing, or expeditation, of dogs, to prevent them from running after deer; -- called also survey of dogs.Blackstone. 1913 Webster]
-- Re*gard"less*ly, adv. -- Re*gard"less*ness, n. 1913 Webster]
Re*gath"er(r?*g?th"?r), v. t.To gather again. 1913 Webster]
Re*gat"ta(r?*g?t"t?), n.; pl.Regattas(-t.[It. regatta, regata.]Originally, a gondola race in Venice; now, a rowing or sailing race, or a series of such races. 1913 Webster]
Re"ge*late(r?"j?*l?t , v. i.(Physics)To freeze together again; to undergo regelation, as ice. 1913 Webster]
Re`ge*la"tion(-l?"sh?n), n.[Pref. re- + L. gelatio a freezing.](Physics)The act or process of freezing anew, or together,as two pieces of ice. 1913 Webster]
Re"gen*cy(r?*jen*s?), n.; pl.Regencies(-s.[CF. F. r\'82gence, LL. regentia. See Regent, a.]1.The office of ruler; rule; authority; government. 1913 Webster]
2.Especially, the office, jurisdiction, or dominion of a regent or vicarious ruler, or of a body of regents; deputed or vicarious government.Sir W. Temple. 1913 Webster]
3.A body of men intrusted with vicarious government; as, a regency constituted during a king's minority, absence from the kingdom, or other disability. 1913 Webster]
A council or regency consisting of twelve persons.Lowth. 1913 Webster]
Re*gen"er*a*cy(r?*j?n"?r*?*s?), n.[See Regenerate.]The state of being regenerated.Hammond. 1913 Webster]
Re*gen"er*ate(-?t), a.[L. regeneratus, p. p. of regenerare to regenerate; pref. re- re- + generare to beget. See Generate.]1.Reproduced. 1913 Webster]
The earthly author of my blood, regenerate, Shak. 1913 Webster]
2.(Theol.)Born anew; become Christian; renovated in heart; changed from a natural to a spiritual state. 1913 Webster]
<-- p. 1210 -->
Re*gen"er*ate(r?*j?n"?r*?t), v. t.1.To generate or produce anew; to reproduce; to give new life, strength, or vigor to. 1913 Webster]
Through all the soil a genial fferment spreads. Regenerates the plauts, and new adorns the meads.Blackmore. 1913 Webster]
2.(Theol.)To cause to be spiritually born anew; to cause to become a Christian; to convert from sin to holiness; to implant holy affections in the heart of. 1913 Webster]
3.Hence, to make a radical change for the better in the character or condition of; as, to regenerate society. 1913 Webster]
Re*gen"er*ate*ness(-?t*n?s), n.The quality or state of being rgenerate. 1913 Webster]
Re*gen`er*a"tion(-?"sh?n), n.[L. regeneratio: cf. F. r\'82g\'82neration.]1.The act of regenerating, or the state of being regenerated. 1913 Webster]
2.(Theol.)The entering into a new spiritual life; the act of becoming, or of being made, Christian; that change by which holy affectations and purposes are substituted for the opposite motives in the heart. 1913 Webster]
He saved us by the washing of regeneration, and renewing of the Holy Chost.Tit. iii. 5. 1913 Webster]
3.(Biol.)The reproduction of a part which has been removed or destroyed; re-formation; -- a process especially characteristic of a many of the lower animals; as, the regeneration of lost feelers, limbs, and claws by spiders and crabs. 1913 Webster]
4.(Physiol.)(a)The reproduction or renewal of tissues, cells, etc., which have been used up and destroyed by the ordinary processes of life; as, the continual regeneration of the epithelial cells of the body, or the regeneration of the contractile substance of muscle.(b)The union of parts which have been severed, so that they become anatomically perfect; as, the regeneration of a nerve. 1913 Webster]
Re*gen"er*a*tive(r?*j?n"?r*?*t?v), a.Of or pertaining to regeneration; tending to regenerate; as, regenerative influences.H. Bushnell. 1913 Webster]
Regenerative furnace(Metal.), a furnace having a regenerator in which gas used for fuel, and air for supporting combustion, are heated; a Siemens furnace. 1913 Webster]
Re*gen"er*a*tive*ly, adv.So as to regenerate. 1913 Webster]
Re*gen"er*a`tor(-?`t?r), n.1.One who, or that which, regenerates. 1913 Webster]
2.(Mech.)A device used in connection with hot-air engines, gas-burning furnaces, etc., in which the incoming air or gas is heated by being brought into contact with masses of iron, brick, etc., which have been previously heated by the outgoing, or escaping, hot air or gas. 1913 Webster]
Re*gen"er*a*to*ry(-?*t?*r?), a.Having power to renew; tending to reproduce; regenerating.G. S. Faber. 1913 Webster]
A continued regenesis of dissenting sects.H. Spenser. 1913 Webster]
Re"gent(r?"jent), a.[L. regens, -entis, p. pr. of regere to rule: cf. F. r\'82gent. See Regiment.]1.Ruling; governing; regnant. \'bdSome other active regent principle . . . which we call the soul.\'b8 Sir M. Hale. 1913 Webster]
Re"gent, n.[F. r\'82gent. See Regent, a.]1.One who rules or reigns; a governor; a ruler.Milton. 1913 Webster]
2.Especially, one invested with vicarious authority; one who governs a kingdom in the minority, absence, or disability of the sovereign. 1913 Webster]
3.One of a governing board; a trustee or overseer; a superintendent; a curator; as, the regents of the Smithsonian Institution. 1913 Webster]
4.(Eng.Univ.)A resident master of arts of less than five years' standing, or a doctor of less than twwo. They were formerly privileged to lecture in the schools. 1913 Webster]
Regent bird(Zo\'94l.), a beautiful Australian bower bird (Sericulus melinus). The male has the head, neck, and large patches on the wings, bright golden yellow, and the rest of the plumage deep velvety black; -- so called in honor of the Prince of Wales (afterward George IV.), who was Prince Regent in the reign of George III. --
The Regents of the University of the State of New York, the members of a corporate body called the University of New York. They have a certain supervisory power over the incorporated institution for Academic and higher education in the State. 1913 Webster]
Re"gent di"a*mond. A famous diamond of fine quality, which weighs about 137 carats and is among the state jewels of France. It is so called from the Duke of Orleans, Regent of France, to whom it was sold in 1717 by Pitt the English Governor of Madras (whence also called the Pitt diamond), who bought it of an Indian merchant in 1701. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Re"gent*ship, n.The office of a regent; regency. 1913 Webster]
Re*ger"mi*nate(r?*j?r"m?*n?t), v. i.[Pref. re- + germinate: cf. L. regerminare.]To germinate again. 1913 Webster]
Perennial plants regerminate several years successively.J. Lee. 1913 Webster]
Re*ger`mi*na"tion(-n?"sh?n), n.[L. regerminatio.]A germinating again or anew. 1913 Webster]
Re*gest"(r?*j?st"), n.[L. regesta, pl.: cf. OF. regestes, pl. See Register.]A register. [Obs.] Milton. 1913 Webster]
Re*get"(r?*g?t"), v. t.To get again. 1913 Webster]
Re"gi*an(r?"j?-an), n.[L. regius regal.]An upholder of kingly authority; a royalist. [Obs.] Fuller. 1913 Webster]
Reg"i*ble(r, a.[L. regibilis, from regere to rule.]Governable; tractable. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
Reg"i*ci`dal(r, a.Pertaining to regicide, or to one committing it; having the nature of, or resembling, regicide.Bp. Warburton. 1913 Webster]
Reg"i*cide(r, n.[F. r\'82gicide; L. rex, regis, a king + caedere to kill. Cf. Homicide.]1.One who kills or who murders a king; specifically (Eng. Hist.), one of the judges who condemned Charles I. to death. 1913 Webster]
2.The killing or the murder of a king. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Re`gi*dor"(?), n.; pl. -dores(#). [Sp., fr. regir to rule, L. regere.]One of a body of officers charged with the government of Spanish municipalities, corresponding to the English alderman. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
\'d8R\'82`gie"(?), n.[F.]1.Direct management of public finance or public works by agents of the government for government account; -- opposed to the contract system. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
2.Specif.:The system of collecting taxes by officials who have either no interest or a very small interest in the proceeds, as distinguished from the ancient system of farming them out. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
3.Any kind of government monopoly (tobacco, salt, etc.) used chiefly as a means of taxation. Such monopolies are largely employed in Austria, Italy, France, and Spain. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Re*gild"(r, v. t.To gild anew. 1913 Webster]
\'d8R\'82`gime"(r?`zh?m"), n.[F. See Regimen.]1.Mode or system of rule or management; character of government, or of the prevailing social system. 1913 Webster]
I dream . . . of the new r\'82gime which is to come.H. Kingsley. 1913 Webster]
2.(Hydraul.)The condition of a river with respect to the rate of its flow, as measured by the volume of water passing different cross sections in a given time, uniform r\'82gime being the condition when the flow is equal and uniform at all the cross sections. 1913 Webster]
The ancient r\'82gime, or
Ancien r\'82gime[F.], the former political and social system, as distinguished from the modern; especially, the political and social system existing in France before the Revolution of 1789. 1913 Webster]
Reg"i*men(r?j"?*m?n), n.[L. regimen, -inis, fr. regere to guide, to rule. See Right, and cf. Regal, R\'82gime, Regiment.]1.Orderly government; system of order; adminisration.Hallam. 1913 Webster]
2.Any regulation or remedy which is intended to produce beneficial effects by gradual operation; esp. (Med.), a systematic course of diet, etc., pursed with a view to improving or preserving the health, or for the purpose of attaining some particular effect, as a reduction of flesh; -- sometimes used synonymously with hygiene. 1913 Webster]
3.(Gram.)(a)A syntactical relation between words, as when one depends on another and is regulated by it in respect to case or mood; government.(b)The word or words governed. 1913 Webster]
Reg"i*ment(-ment), n.[F. r\'82giment a regiment of men, OF. also government, L. regimentum government, fr. regere to guide, rule. See Regimen.]1.Government; mode of ruling; rule; authority; regimen. [Obs.] Spenser. \'bdRegiment of health.\'b8 Bacon. 1913 Webster]
But what are kings, when regiment is gone, Marlowe. 1913 Webster]
The law of nature doth now require of necessity some kind of regiment.Hocker. 1913 Webster]
2.A region or district governed. [Obs.] Spenser. 1913 Webster]
3.(Mil.)A body of men, either horse, foot, or artillery, commanded by a colonel, and consisting of a number of companies, usually ten. 1913 Webster]
1913 Webster]
Regiment of the line(Mil.), a regiment organized for general service; -- in distinction from those (as the Life Guards) whose duties are usually special. [Eng.] 1913 Webster]
Reg"i*ment(-m, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Regimented; p. pr. & vb. n.Regimenting.]1.To form into a regiment or into regiments.Washington. 1913 Webster] Webster 1913 Suppl.]
2.To form into classified units or bodies; to systematize according to classes, districts or the like.
The people are organized or regimented into bodies, and special functions are relegated to the several units.J. W. Powell. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
3.To organize and manage in a uniform and rigid manner; to control with a strict discipline. PJC]
Reg`i*men"tal(-m, a.Belonging to, or concerning, a regiment; as, regimental officers, clothing. 1913 Webster]
Regimental school, in the British army, a school for the instruction of the private soldiers of a regiment, and their children, in the rudimentary branches of education. 1913 Webster]
Reg`i*men"tal*ly, adv.In or by a regiment or regiments; as, troops classified regimentally. 1913 Webster]
Reg`i*men"tals(-talz), n. pl.(Mil.)The uniform worn by the officers and soldiers of a regiment; military dress; -- formerly used in the singular in the same sense.Colman. 1913 Webster]
Re*gim"i*nal(r?*j?m"?*nal), a.Of or relating to regimen; as, regiminal rules. 1913 Webster]
Re"gion(r?"j?n), n.[F. r\'82gion, from L. regio a direction, a boundary line, region, fr. regere to guide, direct. See Regimen.]1.One of the grand districts or quarters into which any space or surface, as of the earth or the heavens, is conceived of as divided; hence, in general, a portion of space or territory of indefinite extent; country; province; district; tract. 1913 Webster]
If thence he 'scappe, into whatever world, region.Milton. 1913 Webster]
2.Tract, part, or space, lying about and including anything; neighborhood; vicinity; sphere. \'bdThough the fork invade the region of my heart.\'b8 Shak. 1913 Webster]
Philip, tetrarch of .. the region of Trachonitis.Luke iii. 1. 1913 Webster]
3.The upper air; the sky; the heavens. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
Anon the dreadful thunder region.Shak. 1913 Webster]
4.The inhabitants of a district.Matt. iii. 5. 1913 Webster]
5.Place; rank; station. [Obs. or R.] 1913 Webster]
He is of too high a region.Shak. 1913 Webster]
Re"gion*al(-al), a.Of or pertaining to a particular region; sectional. 1913 Webster]
Reg"is*ter(r?j"?s*t?r), n.[OE. registre, F. registre, LL. registrum,regestum, L. regesta, pl., fr. regerere, regestum, to carry back, to register; pref. re- re- + gerere to carry. See Jest, and cf. Regest.]1.A written account or entry; an official or formal enumeration, description, or record; a memorial record; a list or roll; a schedule. 1913 Webster]
As you have one eye upon my follies, . . . turn another into the register of your own.Shak. 1913 Webster]
2.(Com.)(a)A record containing a list and description of the merchant vessels belonging to a port or customs district.(b)A certificate issued by the collector of customs of a port or district to the owner of a vessel, containing the description of a vessel, its name, ownership, and other material facts. It is kept on board the vessel, to be used as an evidence of nationality or as a muniment of title. 1913 Webster]
3.[Cf. LL. registrarius. Cf. Regisrar.]One who registers or records; a registrar; a recorder; especially, a public officer charged with the duty of recording certain transactions or events; as, a register of deeds. 1913 Webster]
4.That which registers or records. Specifically: (a)(Mech.)A contrivance for automatically noting the performance of a machine or the rapidity of a process.(b)(Teleg.)The part of a telegraphic apparatus which records automatically the message received.(c)A machine for registering automatically the number of persons passing through a gateway, fares taken, etc.; a telltale. 1913 Webster]
5.A lid, stopper, or sliding plate, in a furnace, stove, etc., for regulating the admission of air to the fuel; also, an arrangement containing dampers or shutters, as in the floor or wall of a room or passage, or in a chimney, for admitting or excluding heated air, or for regulating ventilation. 1913 Webster]
6.(Print.)(a)The inner part of the mold in which types are cast.(b)The correspondence of pages, columns, or lines on the opposite or reverse sides of the sheet.(c)The correspondence or adjustment of the several impressions in a design which is printed in parts, as in chromolithographic printing, or in the manufacture of paper hangings. See Register, v. i. 2. 1913 Webster]
7.(Mus.)(a)The compass of a voice or instrument; a specified portion of the compass of a voice, or a series of vocal tones of a given compass; as, the upper, middle, or lower register; the soprano register; the tenor register. 1913 Webster]
thick register properly extends below from the F on the lower space of the treble staff. The thin register extends an octave above this. The small register is above the thin. The voice in the thick register is called the chest voice; in the thin, the head voice. Falsetto is a kind off voice, of a thin, shrull quality, made by using the mechanism of the upper thin register for tones below the proper limit on the scale.E. Behnke. 1913 Webster]
(b)A stop or set of pipes in an organ. 1913 Webster]
Parish register, A book in which are recorded the births, baptisms, marriages, deaths, and burials in a parish. 1913 Webster]
Reg"is*ter(r, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Registere(-t?rd); p. pr. & vb. n.Registering.][Cf. F. regisrer, exregistrer, LL. registrare. See Register, n.]1.To enter in a register; to record formally and distinctly, as for future use or service. 1913 Webster]
2.To enroll; to enter in a list. 1913 Webster]
Such follow him as shall be registered.Milton. 1913 Webster]
3.(Securities)To enter the name of the owner of (a share of stock, a bond, or other security) in a register, or record book. A registered security is transferable only on the written assignment of the owner of record and on surrender of his bond, stock certificate, or the like. Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Registered letter, a letter, the address of which is, on payment of a special fee, registered in the post office and the transmission and delivery of which are attended to with particular care. 1913 Webster]
Reg"is*ter, v. i.1.To enroll one's name in a register. 1913 Webster]
2.(Print.)To correspond in relative position; as, two pages, columns, etc. , register when the corresponding parts fall in the same line, or when line falls exactly upon line in reverse pages, or (as in chromatic printing) where the various colors of the design are printed consecutively, and perfect adjustment of parts is necessary. 1913 Webster]
Reg"is*ter*ing, a.Recording; -- applied to instruments; having an apparatus which registers; as, a registering thermometer. See Recording. 1913 Webster]
Reg"is*ter*ship, n.The office of a register. 1913 Webster]
Reg"is*trant(-trant), n.[L. registrans, p. pr.]One who registers; esp., one who , by virtue of securing an official registration, obtains a certain right or title of possession, as to a trade-mark. 1913 Webster]
Reg"is*trar(-tr?r), n.[LL. registrarius, or F. r\'82gistraire. See Register.]One who registers; a recorder; a keeper of records; as, a registrar of births, deaths, and marriages. See Register, n., 3. 1913 Webster]
Reg"is*trar*ship, n.The office of a registrar. 1913 Webster]
Reg"let(r?g"l?t), n.[F. r\'82glet, dim. of r\'8agle a rule, L. regula. See Rule.]1.(Arch.)A flat, narrow molding, used chiefly to separate the parts or members of compartments or panels from one another, or doubled, turned, and interlaced so as to form knots, frets, or other ornaments. See Illust. (12) of Column. 1913 Webster]
2.(Print.)A strip of wood or metal of the height of a quadrat, used for regulating the space between pages in a chase, and also for spacing out title-pages and other open matter. It is graded to different sizes, and designated by the name of the type that it matches; as, nonpareil reglet, pica reglet, and the like. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Reg"ma(r?g"m?), n.[NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.)A kind of dry fruit, consisting of three or more cells, each which at length breaks open at the inner angle. 1913 Webster]
Reg"ma*carp(-k?rp), n.[Regma + Gr. (Bot.)Any dry dehiscent fruit. 1913 Webster]
Reg"nal(r?g"nal), a.[L. regnum reign.]Of or pertaining to the reign of a monarch; as, regnal years. 1913 Webster]
Reg"nan*cy(-nan*s?), n.The condition or quality of being regnant; sovereignty; rule.Coleridge. 1913 Webster]
Reg"nant(-nant), a.[L. regnans, -antis, p. pr. of regnare to reign: cf. F r\'82gnant. See Reign.]1.Exercising regal authority; reigning; as, a queen regnant. 1913 Webster]
2.Having the chief power; ruling; predominant; prevalent. \'bdA traitor to the vices regnant.\'b8 Swift. 1913 Webster]
Regne(r?n), n. & v.See Reign. [Obs.] Chaucer. 1913 Webster]
Re*gorge"(r?*g?rj"), v. t.[F. regorder; re- + gorger to gorge. Cf. Regurgitate.]1.To vomit up; to eject from the stomach; to throw back.Hayward. 1913 Webster]
2.To swallow again; to swallow back. 1913 Webster]
Tides at highest mark regorge the flood.Dryden. 1913 Webster]
<-- p. 1211 -->
Re*grade"(r?*gr?d"), v. i.[L. re- re- + gradi to go. Cf. Regrede. ]To retire; to go back. [Obs.] W. Hales. 1913 Webster]
Re*graft"(r?*gr?ft"), v. t.To graft again. 1913 Webster]
Re*grant"(r?*gr?nt"), v. t.To grant back; to grant again or anew.Ayliffe. 1913 Webster]
Re*grant", n.1.The act of granting back to a former proprietor. 1913 Webster]
2.A renewed of a grant; as, the regrant of a monopoly. 1913 Webster]
Re*grate"(r?*gr?t"), v. t.[imp. & p. p.Regrated; p. pr. & vb. n.Regrating.][F. regratter, literally, to scrape again. See Re-, and Grate, v. t.]1.(Masonry)To remove the outer surface of, as of an old hewn stone, so as to give it a fresh appearance. 1913 Webster]
2.To offend; to shock. [Obs.] Derham. 1913 Webster]
Re*grate", v. t.[F. regratter to regrate provisions; of uncertain origin.](Eng.Law)To buy in large quantities, as corn, provisions, etc., at a market or fair, with the intention of selling the same again, in or near the same place, at a higher price, -- a practice which was formerly treated as a public offense. 1913 Webster]
Re*grat"er(-?r), n.[F. regrattier.]One who regrates. 1913 Webster]
Re*grat"er*y, n.The act or practice of regrating. 1913 Webster]
Re*gra"ti*a*to*ry(r?*gr?"sh?*?*t?*r?), n.A returning or giving of thanks. [Obs.] Skelton. 1913 Webster]
Re*grat"or(r?*gr?t"?r), n.One guilty of regrating. 1913 Webster]
Re*grede"(r?*gr?d"), v. i.[L. regredi to go back. Cf. Regrade, Regress.]To go back; to retrograde, as the apsis of a planet's orbit. [R.] Todhunter. 1913 Webster]
Re*gre"di*ence(r?*gr?"d?-ens), n.A going back; a retrogression; a return. [R.] Herrick. 1913 Webster]
Re*greet"(r?*gr?t"), v. t.To greet again; to resalute; to return a salutation to; to greet.Shak. 1913 Webster]
Re*greet", n.A return or exchange of salutation. 1913 Webster]
Re"gress(r?"gr?s), n.[L. regressus, fr. regredi, regressus. See Regrede.]1.The act of passing back; passage back; return; retrogression. \'bdThe progress or regress of man\'b8.F. Harrison. 1913 Webster]
2.The power or liberty of passing back.Shak. 1913 Webster]
Re*gress"(r?*gr?s"), v. i.[imp. & p. p.Regressed(-gr?st"); p. pr. & vb. n.Regressing.]To go back; to return to a former place or state.Sir T. Browne. 1913 Webster]
Re*gres"sion(r?*gr?sh"?n), n.[L. regressio: cf. F. r\'82gression.]The act of passing back or returning; retrogression; retrogradation.Sir T. Browne. 1913 Webster]
Edge of regression (of a surface) (Geom.), the line along which a surface turns back upon itself; -- called also a cuspidal edge. --
Regression point(Geom.), a cusp. 1913 Webster]
Re*gress"ive(r?*gr?s"?v), a.[Cf. F. r\'82gressif.] 1913 Webster]
1.Passing back; returning. 1913 Webster]
2.Characterized by retrogression; retrogressive. 1913 Webster]
Re*gress"ive*ly, adv.In a regressive manner. 1913 Webster]
Re*gret"(r?*gr?t"), n.[F., fr. regretter. See Regret, v.]1.Pain of mind on account of something done or experienced in the past, with a wish that it had been different; a looking back with dissatisfaction or with longing; grief; sorrow; especially, a mourning on account of the loss of some joy, advantage, or satisfaction. \'bdA passionate regret at sin.\'b8 Dr. H. More. 1913 Webster]
What man does not remember with regret the first time he read Robinson Crusoe?Macaulay. 1913 Webster]
Never any prince expressed a more lively regret for the loss of a servant.Clarendon. 1913 Webster]
From its peaceful bosom [the grave] spring none but fond regrets and tender recollections.W. Irving. 1913 Webster]
2.Dislike; aversion. [Obs.] Dr. H. More. 1913 Webster]
Syn. -- Grief; concern; sorrow; lamentation; repentance; penitence; self-condemnation. -- Regret, Remorse, Compunction, Contrition, Repentance. Regret does not carry with it the energy of remorse, the sting of compunction, the sacredness of contrition, or the practical character of repentance. We even apply the term regret to circumstance over which we have had no control, as the absence of friends or their loss. When connected with ourselves, it relates rather to unwise acts than to wrong or sinful ones.C. J. Smith. 1913 Webster]
Re*gret", v. t.[imp. & p. p.Regretted(-t; p. pr. & vb. n.Regretting.][F. regretter, OF. regreter; L. pref. re- re- + a word of Teutonic origin; cf. Goth. gr to weep, Icel. gr. See Greet to lament.]To experience regret on account of; to lose or miss with a sense of regret; to feel sorrow or dissatisfaction on account of (the happening or the loss of something); as, to regret an error; to regret lost opportunities or friends. 1913 Webster]
Calmly he looked on either life, and here regret, or there to fear.Pope. 1913 Webster]
In a few hours they [the Israelites] began to regret their slavery, and to murmur against their leader.Macaulay. 1913 Webster]
Recruits who regretted the plow from which they had been violently taken.Macaulay. 1913 Webster]
Re*gret"ful(-f?l), a.Full of regret; indulging in regrets; repining. -- Re*gret"ful*ly, adv. 1913 Webster]
Re*grow"(r?*gr?"), v. i. & t.To grow again. 1913 Webster]
The snail had power to regrow them all [horns, tongue, etc.]A. B. Buckley. 1913 Webster]
Re*growth"(r?*gr?th"), n.The act of regrowing; a second or new growth.Darwin. 1913 Webster]
The regrowth of limbs which had been cut off.A. B. Buckley. 1913 Webster]
Re*guard"ant(r?*g?rd"ant), a.(Her.)Same as Regardant. 1913 Webster]
Reg"u*la*ble(r?g"?*l?*b'l), a.Capable of being regulated. [R.] 1913 Webster]
Reg"u*lar(-l?r), a.[L. regularis, fr. regula a rule, fr. regere to guide, to rule: cf. F. r\'82gulier. See Rule.] 1913 Webster]
1.Conformed to a rule; agreeable to an established rule, law, principle, or type, or to established customary forms; normal; symmetrical; as, a regular verse in poetry; a regular piece of music; a regular verb; regular practice of law or medicine; a regular building. 1913 Webster]
2.Governed by rule or rules; steady or uniform in course, practice, or occurence; not subject to unexplained or irrational variation; returning at stated intervals; steadily pursued; orderlly; methodical; as, the regular succession of day and night; regular habits. 1913 Webster]
3.Constituted, selected, or conducted in conformity with established usages, rules, or discipline; duly authorized; permanently organized; as, a regular meeting; a regular physican; a regular nomination; regular troops. 1913 Webster]
4.Belonging to a monastic order or community; as, regular clergy, in distinction dfrom the secular clergy. 1913 Webster]
5.Thorough; complete; unmitigated; as, a regular humbug. [Colloq.] 1913 Webster]
6.(Bot. & Zo\'94l.)Having all the parts of the same kind alike in size and shape; as, a regular flower; a regular sea urchin. 1913 Webster]
7.(Crystallog.)Same as Isometric. 1913 Webster]
Regular polygon(Geom.), a plane polygon which is both equilateral and equiangular. --
Regular polyhedron(Geom.), a polyhedron whose faces are equal regular polygons. There are five regular polyhedrons, -- the tetrahedron, the hexahedron, or cube, the octahedron, the dodecahedron, and the icosahedron. --
Regular sales(Stock Exchange), sales of stock deliverable on the day after the transaction. --
Regular troops, troops of a standing or permanent army; -- opposed to militia.<-- or opposed to reserves --> 1913 Webster]
Syn. -- Normal; orderly; methodical. See Normal. 1913 Webster]
Reg"u*lar(r, n.[LL. regularis: cf. F. r\'82gulier. See Regular, a.]1.(R. C. Ch.)A member of any religious order or community who has taken the vows of poverty, chastity, and obedience, and who has been solemnly recognized by the church.Bp. Fitzpatrick. 1913 Webster]
2.(Mil.)A soldier belonging to a permanent or standing army; -- chiefly used in the plural. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Reg`u*la"ri*a(r, n. pl.[NL.](Zo\'94l.)A division of Echini which includes the circular, or regular, sea urchins. 1913 Webster]
Reg`u*lar"i*ty(-l?r"?*t?), n.[Cf. F. r\'82gularit\'82.]The condition or quality of being regular; as, regularity of outline; the regularity of motion. 1913 Webster]
Reg"u*lar*ize(r, v. t.To cause to become regular; to regulate. [R.] 1913 Webster]
Reg"u*lar*ly, adv.In a regular manner; in uniform order; methodically; in due order or time. 1913 Webster]
Reg"u*lar*ness, n.Regularity.Boyle. 1913 Webster]
Reg"u*late(-l, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Regulated(-l; p. pr. & vb. n.Regulating.][L. regulatus, p. p. of regulare, fr. regula. See Regular.]1.To adjust by rule, method, or established mode; to direct by rule or restriction; to subject to governing principles or laws. 1913 Webster]
The laws which regulate the successions of the seasons.Macaulay. 1913 Webster]
The herdsmen near the frontier adjudicated their own disputes, and regulated their own police.Bancroft. 1913 Webster]
2.To put in good order; as, to regulate the disordered state of a nation or its finances. 1913 Webster]
3.To adjust, or maintain, with respect to a desired rate, degree, or condition; as, to regulate the temperature of a room, the pressure of steam, the speed of a machine, etc. 1913 Webster]
To regulate a watchor
To regulate a clock, to adjust its rate of running so that it will keep approximately standard time. 1913 Webster]
Reg`u*la"tion(-l?"sh?n), n.1.The act of regulating, or the state of being regulated. 1913 Webster]
The temper and regulation of our own minds.Macaulay. 1913 Webster]
2.A rule or order prescribed for management or government; prescription; a regulating principle; a governing direction; precept; law; as, the regulations of a society or a school. 1913 Webster]
Regulation sword,
cap,
uniform, etc.(Mil.), a sword, cap, uniform, etc., of the kind or quality prescribed by the official regulations. 1913 Webster]
Reg"u*la*tive(r?g"?*l?*t?v), a.1.Tending to regulate; regulating.Whewell. 1913 Webster]
2.(Metaph.)Necessarily assumed by the mind as fundamental to all other knowledge; furnishing fundamental principles; as, the regulative principles, or principles a priori; the regulative faculty.Sir W. Hamilton. 1913 Webster]
1913 Webster]
Reg"u*la`tor(-l?`t?r), n.1.One who, or that which, regulates. 1913 Webster]
2.(Mach.)A contrivance for regulating and controlling motion, as:(a)The lever or index in a watch, which controls the effective length of the hairspring, and thus regulates the vibrations of the balance.(b)The governor of a steam engine.(c)A valve for controlling the admission of steam to the steam chest, in a locomotive. 1913 Webster]
3.A clock, or other timepiece, used as a standard of correct time. See Astronomical clock(a), under Clock. 1913 Webster]
4.A member of a volunteer committee which, in default of the lawful authority, undertakes to preserve order and prevent crimes; also, sometimes, one of a band organized for the comission of violent crimes. [U.S.] 1913 Webster]
A few stood neutral, or declared in favor of the Regulators.Bancroft. 1913 Webster]
Reg"u*line(r?g"?*l?n), a.[Cf. F. r\'82gulin. See Regulus.](Chem. & Metal.)Of or pertaining to regulus. 1913 Webster]
Reg"u*lize(-l?z), v. t.(Old Chem.)To reduce to regulus; to separate, as a metal from extraneous matter; as, to regulize antimony. [Archaic] 1913 Webster]
Reg"u*lus(-l?s), n.; pl. E. Reguluses (-Reguli (-l.[L., a petty king, prince, dim. of rex, regis, a king: cf. F. r\'82gule. See Regal.]1.A petty king; a ruler of little power or consequence. 1913 Webster]
2.(Chem. & Metal.)The button, globule, or mass of metal, in a more or less impure state, which forms in the bottom of the crucible in smelting and reduction of ores. 1913 Webster]
little king; and from the facility with which antimony alloyed with gold, these empirical philosophers had great hopes that this metal, antimony, would lead them to the discovery of the philosopher's stone.Ure. 1913 Webster]
3.(Astron.)A star of the first magnitude in the constellation Leo; -- called also the Lion's Heart. 1913 Webster]
Re*gur"gi*tate(r?*g?r"j?*t?t), v. t.[LL. regurgitare, regurgitatum; L. pref. re- re- + gurges, -itis, a gulf. Cf. Regorge.]To throw or pour back, as from a deep or hollow place; to pour or throw back in great quantity. 1913 Webster]
Re*gur"gi*tate, v. i.To be thrown or poured back; to rush or surge back. 1913 Webster]
The food may regurgitatem the stomach into the esophagus and mouth.Quain. 1913 Webster]
Re*gur`gi*ta"tion(-t?"sh?n), n.[Cf. F. r\'82gurgitation.]1.The act of flowing or pouring back by the orifice of entrance; specifically (Med.), the reversal of the natural direction in which the current or contents flow through a tube or cavity of the body.Quain. 1913 Webster]
2.The act of swallowing again; reabsorption. 1913 Webster]
Re`ha*bil"i*tate(r?`h?*b?l"?*t?t), v. t.[imp. & p. p.Rehabilitated(-t?`t?d); p. pr. & vb. n.Rehabilitating.][Pref. re- re- + habilitate: cf. LL. rehabilitare, F. r\'82habiliter.]To invest or clothe again with some right, authority, or dignity; to restore to a former capacity; to reinstate; to qualify again; to restore, as a delinquent, to a former right, rank, or privilege lost or forfeited; -- a term of civil and canon law. 1913 Webster]
Restoring and rehabilitating the party.Burke. 1913 Webster]
Re`ha*bil`i*ta"tion(-t?"sh?n), n.[Cf. LL. rehabilitatio, F. R\'82habilitation.]The act of rehabilitating, or the state of being rehabilitated.Bouvier. Walsh. 1913 Webster]
Re*hash"(r?*h?sh"), v. t.To hash over again; to prepare or use again; as, to rehash old arguments. 1913 Webster]
Re*hash", n.Something hashed over, or made up from old materials. 1913 Webster]
Re*hear"(r?*h?r"), v. t.To hear again; to try a second time; as, to rehear a cause in Chancery. 1913 Webster]
Re*hears"al(r?*h?rs"a), n.The act of rehearsing; recital; narration; repetition; specifically, a private recital, performance, or season of practice, in preparation for a public exhibition or exercise.Chaucer. 1913 Webster]
In rehearsal of our Lord's Prayer.Hooker. 1913 Webster]
Here's marvelous convenient place for our rehearsal.Shak. 1913 Webster]
Dress rehearsal(Theater), a private preparatory performance of a drama, opera, etc., in costume. 1913 Webster]
Re*hearse"(r?*h?rs"), v. t.[imp. & p. p.Rehearsed(-h?rst"); p. pr. & vb. n.Rehearsing.][OE. rehercen, rehersen, OF. reherser, rehercier, to harrow over again; pref. re- re- + hercier to harrow, fr. herce a harrow, F. herse. See Hearse.]1.To repeat, as what has been already said; to tell over again; to recite.Chaucer. 1913 Webster]
When the words were heard which David spake, they rehearsed them before Saul.1 Sam. xvii. 31. 1913 Webster]
2.To narrate; to relate; to tell. 1913 Webster]
Rehearse the righteous acts of the Lord.Judg. . v. 11. 1913 Webster]
3.To recite or repeat in private for experiment and improvement, before a public representation; as, to rehearse a tragedy. 1913 Webster]
4.To cause to rehearse; to instruct by rehearsal. [R.] 1913 Webster]
He has been rehearsed by Madame Defarge as to his having seen her.Dickens. 1913 Webster]
Re*hearse", v. i.To recite or repeat something for practice. \'bdThere will we rehearse.\'b8 Shak. 1913 Webster]
Re*hears"er(-?r), n.One who rehearses. 1913 Webster]
Re*heat"(r?*h?t"), v. t.1.To heat again. 1913 Webster]
2.To revive; to cheer; to cherish. [Obs.] Rom. of R. 1913 Webster]
Re`hi*bi"tion(r?`h?*b?sh"?n), n.[Pref. re- + L. habere to have.](Law)The returning of a thing purchased to the seller, on the ground of defect or frand. 1913 Webster]
Re*hib"i*to*ry(r?*h?b"?*t?*r?), a.(Law)Of or relating to rehibition; as, a rehibitory action. 1913 Webster]
Re*hire"(r?*h?r"), v. t.To hire again. 1913 Webster]
Re`hy*poth"e*cate(r?`h?*p?th"?*k?t), v. t.(Law)To hypothecate again. -- Re`hy*poth`e*ca"tion, n. 1913 Webster]
Rei(r?), n.;pl.Reis(ror r.[Pg. real, pl. reis. See Real a coin.]A portuguese money of account, in value about one tenth of a cent.[Spelt also ree.] 1913 Webster]
\'d8Reichs"rath`(r?ks"r?t), n.[G]The parliament of Austria (exclusive of Hungary, which has its own diet, or parliament). It consists of an Upper and a Lower House, or a House of Lords and a House of Representatives. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Reichs"stand`(r?ks"st?t`), n.[G.]A free city of the former German empire. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Reichs"tag`(r?ks"t?g`), n.[G.]1. [Note: from the 1913 definition] The Diet, or House of Representatives, of the German empire (and of the Weimar Republic), which was composed of members elected for a term of three years by the direct vote of the people. This term is no longer (in 1997) applied to the German parliament. See also Bundesrath. 1913 Webster +PJC]
2. [Note: from the 1913 definition] The national representative body of Hungary, consisting of a House of Magnates (including archdukes, peers, high officials of the Roman Catholic, Greek, and Protestant Churches, and certain other dignitaries) and a House of Representatives (in 1912 consisting of 453 members). See Legislative, Diet. [archaic] Webster 1913 Suppl. +PJC]
Rei"gle(r?"g'l), n.[F. r\'8agle a rule, fr. L. regula. See Rule.]A hollow cut or channel for quiding anything; as, the reigle of a side post for a flood gate.Carew. 1913 Webster]
Rei"gle, v. t.To regulate; to govern. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
Reign(r, n.[OE. regne, OF. reigne, regne, F. r\'8agne, fr. L. regnum, fr. rex, regis, a king, fr. regere to guide, rule. See Regal, Regimen.]1.Royal authority; supreme power; sovereignty; rule; dominion. 1913 Webster]
He who like a father held his reign.Pope. 1913 Webster]
Saturn's sons received the threefold reign Prior. 1913 Webster]
2.The territory or sphere which is reigned over; kingdom; empire; realm; dominion. [Obs.] Spenser. 1913 Webster]
[God] him bereft the regne that he had.Chaucer. 1913 Webster]
3.The time during which a king, queen, or emperor possesses the supreme authority; as, it happened in the reign of Elizabeth. 1913 Webster]
<-- p. 1212 -->
Reign(r?n), v. i.[imp. & p. p.Reigned(r?nd); p. pr. & vb. n.Reigning.][OE. regnen, reinen, OF. regner, F. r\'82gner, fr. L. regnare, fr. regnum. See Reign, n.]1.To possess or exercise sovereign power or authority; to exercise government, as a king or emperor;; to hold supreme power; to rule.Chaucer. 1913 Webster]
We will not have this man to reign over us.Luke xix. 14. 1913 Webster]
Shall Banquo's issue ever Reign in this kingdom?Shak. 1913 Webster]
2.Hence, to be predominant; to prevail. \'bdPestilent diseases which commonly reign in summer.\'b8 Bacon. 1913 Webster]
3.To have superior or uncontrolled dominion; to rule. 1913 Webster]
Let not sin therefore reign in your mortal body.Rom. vi. 12. 1913 Webster]
Syn. -- To rule; govern; direct; control; prevail. 1913 Webster]
Reign"er(r?n"?r), n.One who reigns. [R.] 1913 Webster]
Re`il*lume"(r?`?l*l?m"), v. t.To light again; to cause to shine anew; to relume; to reillumine. \'bdThou must reillume its spark.\'b8 J. R. Drake. 1913 Webster]
Re`il*lu"mi*nate(-l?"m?*n?t), v. t.To enlighten again; to reillumine. 1913 Webster]
Re`il*lu`mi*na"tion(-n?"sh?n), n.The act or process of enlightening again. 1913 Webster]
Re`il*lu"mine(-l?"m?n), v. t.To illumine again or anew; to reillume. 1913 Webster]
Reim(r?m), n.[D. riem, akin to G riemen; CF. Gr. A strip of oxhide, deprived of hair, and rendered pliable, -- used for twisting into ropes, etc. [South Africa] Simmonds. 1913 Webster]
Re`im*bark"(r?`?m*b?rk"), v. t. & i.See Re\'89mbark. 1913 Webster]
Re`im*bod"y(-b?d"?), v. t. & i.[See Re\'89mbody.]To imbody again.Boyle. 1913 Webster]
Re`im*burs"a*ble(r?`?m*b?rs"?*b'l), a.[CF. F. remboursable.]Capable of being repaid; repayable. 1913 Webster]
A loan has been made of two millions of dollars, reimbursable in ten years.A. Hamilton. 1913 Webster]
Re`im*burse"(-b?rs"), v. t.[imp. & p. p.Reimbursed(-b?rst"); p. pr. & vb. n.Reimbursing.][Pref. re- + imburse: cf. F. rembourser.]1.To replace in a treasury or purse, as an equivalent for what has been taken, lost, or expended; to refund; to pay back; to restore; as, to reimburse the expenses of a war. 1913 Webster]
2.To make restoration or payment of an equivalent to (a person); to pay back to; to indemnify; -- often reflexive; as, to reimburse one's self by successful speculation.Paley. 1913 Webster]
Re`im*burse"ment(-b?rs"ment), n.[Cf. F. rembursement.]The act reimbursing.A. Hamilton. 1913 Webster]
Re`im*burs"er(-b?rs"?r), n.One who reimburses. 1913 Webster]
Re`im*plant"(-pl?nt"), v. t.To implant again. 1913 Webster]
Re`im*port"(-p?rt"), v. t.[Pref. re- + import: cf. F. remporter.]To import again; to import what has been exported; to bring back.Young. 1913 Webster]
Re*im`por*ta"tion(r?*?m`p?r*t?"sh?n), n.The act of reimporting; also, that which is reimported. 1913 Webster]
Re*im`por*tune"(-p?r*t?n"), v. t.To importune again. 1913 Webster]
Re`im*pose"(r?`?m*p?z), v. t.To impose anew. 1913 Webster]
Re`im*preg"nate(-pr?g"n?t), v. t.To impregnate again or anew.Sir T. Browne. 1913 Webster]
Re`im*press"(-pr?s"), v. t.To impress anew. 1913 Webster]
Re`im*pres"sion(-pr?sh"?n), n.A second or repeated impression; a reprint. 1913 Webster]
Re`im*print"(-pr?nt"), v. t.To imprint again. 1913 Webster]
Re`im*pris"on(-pr?z'n), v. t.To imprison again. 1913 Webster]
Re`im*pris"on*ment(-ment), n.The act of reimprisoning, or the state of being reimprisoned. 1913 Webster]
Rein(r?n), n.[F. r, fr. (assumed) LL. retina, fr. L. retinere to hold back. See Retain.]1.The strap of a bridle, fastened to the curb or snaffle on each side, by which the rider or driver governs the horse. 1913 Webster]
This knight laid hold upon his reyne.Chaucer. 1913 Webster]
2.Hence, an instrument or means of curbing, restraining, or governing; government; restraint. \'bdLet their eyes rove without rein.\'b8 Milton. 1913 Webster]
To give rein,
To give the rein to, to give license to; to leave withouut restrain. --
To take the reins, to take the guidance or government; to assume control. 1913 Webster]
Rein, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Reined(r?nd); p. pr. & vb. n.Reining.]1.To govern or direct with the reins; as, to rein a horse one way or another. 1913 Webster]
He mounts and reins his horse.Chapman. 1913 Webster]
2.To restrain; to control; to check. 1913 Webster]
Being once chafed, he can not reined again to temperance.Shak. 1913 Webster]
To rein inor
To rein up, (a)to check the speed of, or cause to stop, by drawing the reins.Hence,(a)to cause (a person) to slow down or cease some activity; -- to rein in is used commonly of superiors in a chain of command, ordering a subordinate to moderate or cease some activity deemed excessive. 1913 Webster +PJC]
Rein, v. i.To be guided by reins. [R.] Shak. 1913 Webster]
Re`in*au"gu*rate, v. t.To inaugurate anew. 1913 Webster]
Re"in*cit"(-s?t"), v. t.To incite again. 1913 Webster]
Re`in*cor"po*rate, v. t.To incorporate again. 1913 Webster]
Re`in*crease"(-kr?s"), v. t.To increase again. 1913 Webster]
Re`in*cur"(-k?r"), v. t.To incur again. 1913 Webster]
Rein"deer`(r, n.[Icel. hreinn reindeer + E. deer. Icel. hreinn is of Lapp or Finnish origin; cf. Lappish reino pasturage.][Formerly written also raindeer, and ranedeer.](Zool.)Any ruminant of the genus Rangifer, of the Deer family, found in the colder parts of both the Eastern and Western hemispheres, and having long irregularly branched antlers, with the brow tines palmate. 1913 Webster]
Rangifer tarandus) is domesticated in Lapland. The woodland reindeer or caribou (Rangifer caribou) is found in Canada and Maine (see Caribou.) The Barren Ground reindeer or caribou (Rangifer Gr\'d2nlandicus), of smaller size, is found on the shores of the Arctic Ocean, in both hemispheries. 1913 Webster]
Reindeer moss(Bot.), a gray branching lichen (Cladonia rangiferina) which forms extensive patches on the ground in arctic and even in north temperature regions. It is the principal food of the Lapland reindeer in winter. --
Reindeer period(Geol.), a name sometimes given to a part of the Paleolithic era when the reindeer was common over Central Europe. 1913 Webster]
Re`in*duce"(r?`?n*d?s"), v. t.To induce again. 1913 Webster]
Rei*nette"(r?*n?t"), n.[F. See 1st Rennet.](Bot.)A name given to many different kinds of apples, mostly of French origin. 1913 Webster]
Re`in*fect"(r?`?n*f?kt), v. t.[Pref. re- + infect: cf. F. r\'82infecter.]To infect again. 1913 Webster]
Re`in*fec"tious(-f?k"sh?s), a.Capable of reinfecting. 1913 Webster]
Re`in*force"(-f?rs"), v. t.See Re\'89nforce, v. t. 1913 Webster]
Re`in*force", n.See Re\'89nforce, n. 1913 Webster]
Re`in*forced con"crete. Concrete having within its mass a system of iron or steel supports, such as bars, rods, or a heavy mesh, to provide increased tensile strength and shear resistance. Same as Ferro-concrete.[Also spelled reenforced concrete.] Webster 1913 Suppl. +PJC]
Re`in*fund"(-f?nd"), v. i.[Pref. re- + L. infundere to pour in.]To flow in anew. [Obs.] Swift. 1913 Webster]
Re`in*gra"ti*ate(-gr?"sh?*?t), v. t.To ingratiate again or anew.Sir. T. Herbert. 1913 Webster]
Re`in*hab"it(-h?b"?t), v. t.To inhabit again.Mede. 1913 Webster]
Rein"less(r?n"l?s), a.Not having, or not governed by, reins; hence, not checked or restrained. 1913 Webster]
Reins(r, n. pl.[F. rein, pl. reins, fr. L. ren, pl. renes.]1.The kidneys; also, the region of the kidneys; the loins. 1913 Webster]
2.The inward impulses; the affections and passions; -- so called because formerly supposed to have their seat in the part of the body where the kidneys are. 1913 Webster]
My reins rejoice, when thy lips speak right things.Prov. xxiii. 16. 1913 Webster]
I am he which searcheth the reins and hearts.Rev. ii. 23. 1913 Webster]
Reins of a vault(Arch.), the parts between the crown and the spring or abutment, including, and having especial reference to, the loading or filling behind the shell of the vault. The reins are to a vault nearly what the haunches are to an arch, and when a vault gives way by thrusting outward, it is because its reins are not sufficiently filled up. 1913 Webster]
Re`in*sert"(r?`?n*s?rt"), v. t.To insert again. 1913 Webster]
Re`in*ser"tion(-s?r"sh?n), n.The act of reinserting. 1913 Webster]
Re`in*spect"(-sp?kt"), v. t.To inspect again. 1913 Webster]
Re`in*spec"tion(-sp?k"sh?n), n.The act of reinspecting. 1913 Webster]
Re`in*spire"(-sp?r"), v. t.To inspire anew.Milton. 1913 Webster]
Re`in*spir"it(-sp`r"?t), v. t.To give fresh spirit to. 1913 Webster]
Re`in*stall"(-st?l"), v. t.[Pref. re- + install: cf. F. r\'82installer.]To install again.Milton. 1913 Webster]
Re`in*state"(-st?t"), v. t.To place again in possession, or in a former state; to restore to a state from which one had been removed; to instate again; as, to reinstate a king in the possession of the kingdom. 1913 Webster]
For the just we have said already thet some of them were reinstated in their pristine happiness and felicity.Glanvill. 1913 Webster]
Re`in*state"ment(-ment), n.The act of reinstating; the state of being reinstated; re 1913 Webster]
Re`in*struct"(-str?kt"), v. t.To instruct anew. 1913 Webster]
Re`in*sur"ance(-sh?r"ans), n.1.Insurance a second time or again; renewed insurance. 1913 Webster]
2.A contract by which an insurer is insured wholly or in part against the risk he has incurred in insuring somebody else. See Reassurance. 1913 Webster]
Re`in*sure"(-sh?r"), v. t.1.To insure again after a former insuranse has ceased; to renew insurance on. 1913 Webster]
2.To insure, as life or property, in favor of one who has taken an insurance risk upon it. 1913 Webster]
The innsurer may cause the property insured to be reinsured by other persons.Walsh. 1913 Webster]
Re`in*sur"er(-sh?r"?r), n.One who gives reinsurance. 1913 Webster]
Re*in"te*grate(r?*?n"t?*gr?t), v. t.[Pref. re- + integrate. Cf. Redintegrate.]To renew with regard to any state or quality; to restore; to bring again together into a whole, as the parts off anything; to reestablish; as, to reintegrate a nation.Bacon. 1913 Webster]
Re*in`te*gra"tion(-gr?"sh?n), n.A renewing, or making whole again. See Redintegration. 1913 Webster]
Re`in*ter"(r?`?n*t?r"), v. t.To inter again. 1913 Webster]
Re`in*ter"ro*gate(-t?r"r?*g?t), v. t.To interrogate again; to question repeatedly.Cotgrave. 1913 Webster]
Re`in*throne"(-thr?n"), v. t.See Re\'89nthrone. 1913 Webster]
Re`in*thron"ize(-?z), v. t.To enthrone again. [Obs.] 1913 Webster]
Re*in`tro*duce"(r?*?n`tr?*d?s"), v. t.To introduce again. -- Re*in`tro*duc"tion(-d, n. 1913 Webster]
Re`in*vest"(r?`?n*v?st"), v. t.To invest again or anew. 1913 Webster]
Re`in*ves"ti*gate(-v?s"t?*g?t), v. t.To investigate again. -- Re`in*ves`ti*ga"tion(-g, n. 1913 Webster]
Re`in*vest"ment(-v?st"ment), n.The act of investing anew; a second or repeated investment. 1913 Webster]
Re`in*vig"or*ate(-v?g"?r*?t), v. t.To invigorate anew. 1913 Webster]
Re`in*volve"(-v?lv"), v. t.To involve anew. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Re`is(r?"?s , n.[Pg., pl. of real, an ancient Portuguese coin.]The word is used as a Portuguese designation of money of account, one hundred reis being about equal in value to eleven cents. 1913 Webster]
Reis(r, n.[Ar. ra head, chief, prince.]A common title in the East for a person in authority, especially the captain of a ship.[Written also rais and ras.] 1913 Webster]
\'d8Reis` Ef*fen"di(r?s` ?f*f?n"d?). [See 2d Reis, and Effendi.]A title formerly given to one of the chief Turkish officers of state. He was chancellor of the empire, etc. 1913 Webster]
Reiss"ner's mem"brane(r?s"n?rz m?m"br?n). [Named from E. Reissner, A German anatomist.](Anat.)The thin membrane which separates the canal of the cochlea from the vestibular scala in the internal ear. 1913 Webster]
Re*is"su*a*ble(r?*?sh"?*?*b'l), a.Capable of being reissued. 1913 Webster]
Re*is"sue(r?*?sh"?), v. t. & i.To issue a second time. 1913 Webster]
Re*is"sue, n.A second or repeated issue. 1913 Webster]
Reit(r?t), n.Sedge; seaweed. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] 1913 Webster]
\'d8Rei"ter(r?"t?r), n.[G., rider.]A German cavalry soldier of the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries. 1913 Webster]
Re*it"er*ate(-, v. t.[imp. & p. p.Reiterated(-; p. pr. & vb. n.Reiterating.][Pref. re- + iterate: cf. F. r\'82it\'82rer, LL. reiterare to question again.]To repeat again and again; to say or do repeatedly; sometimes, to repeat. 1913 Webster]
That with reiterated crimes he might Milton. 1913 Webster]
You never spoke what did become you less reiterate were sin.Shak. 1913 Webster]
Syn. -- To repeat; recapitulate; rehearse. 1913 Webster]
Re*it`er*a"tion(-?"sh?n), n.[Cf. F. r\'82it\'82ration.]The act of reiterating; that which is reiterated. 1913 Webster]
Re*it"er*a*tive(r?-?t"?r-?-t?v), n.1.(Gram.)A word expressing repeated or reiterated action. 1913 Webster]
2.A word formed from another, or used to form another, by repetition; as, dillydally. 1913 Webster]
Reiv"er(r, n.See Reaver.Ruskin. 1913 Webster]
Re*ject"(r?-j?kt"), v. t.[imp. & p. p.Rejected; p. pr. & vb. n.Rejecting.][L. rejectus, p. p. of reicere, rejicere; pref. re- re- + jacere to throw: cf. F. rejeter, formerly also spelt rejecter. See Jet a shooting forth.] 1913 Webster]
1.To cast from one; to throw away; to discard. 1913 Webster]
Therefore all this exercise of hunting . . . the Utopians have rejected to their butchers.Robynson (More's Utopia). 1913 Webster]
Reject me not from among thy children.Wisdom ix. 4. 1913 Webster]
2.To refuse to receive or to acknowledge; to decline haughtily or harshly; to repudiate. 1913 Webster]
That golden scepter which thou didst reject.Milton. 1913 Webster]
Because thou hast rejected knowledge, I will also reject thee, that thou shalt be no priest to me.Hos. iv. 6. 1913 Webster]
3.To refuse to grant; as, to reject a prayer or request. 1913 Webster]
Re*ject"a*ble(-?-b'l), a.Capable of being, or that ought to be, rejected. 1913 Webster]
\'d8Re*jec`ta*men"ta(r?-j?k`t?-m?n"ta), n. pl.[NL., fr. L. rejectare, v. intens. fr. rejicere. See Reject.]Things thrown out or away; especially, things excreted by a living organism.J. Fleming. 1913 Webster]
Re`jec*ta"ne*ous(r?`j?k-t?"n?-?s), a.[L. rejectaneus.]Not chosen or received; rejected. [Obs.] \'bdProfane, rejectaneous, and reprobate people.\'b8 Barrow. 1913 Webster]
Re*ject"er(r?-j?kt"?r), n.One who rejects. 1913 Webster]